Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 12 YEARS AND 11 MONTHS.
ON 06/05/2024 MORE THAN 1.972.210
VISITORS FROM 134 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
30-04-2022
Michio Kaku: 3 mind-blowing predictions about the future
Michio Kaku: 3 mind-blowing predictions about the future
What lies in store for humanity? Theoretical physicist Michio Kaku explains how different life will be for your descendants—and maybe your future self, if the timing works out.
Carl Sagan believed humanity needed to become a multi-planet species as an insurance policy against the next huge catastrophe on Earth. Now, Elon Musk is working to see that mission through, starting with a colony of a million humans on Mars. Where will our species go next?
Theoretical physicist Michio Kaku looks decades into the future and makes three bold predictions about human space travel, the potential of “brain net”, and our coming victory over cancer.
“[I]n the future, the word ‘tumor’ will disappear from the English language,” says Kaku. “We will have years of warning that there is a colony of cancer cells growing in our body. And our descendants will wonder: How could we fear cancer so much?”
Since the first UFO sighting, many types, shapes, and features of unidentified flying craft have been recorded. From the most common, saucer-shaped to the silent hovering UFOs, there are hundreds of thousands of cases around the world. Still, there is a vague answer to this mystery. However, there are three lesser-known sightings that might prove that extraterrestrial craft visited earth at least three times in the last decades.
First sighting: Skylab III Mission – September 20, 1973 – southwestern Indian Ocean
Skylab III was the second crewed mission to the first American space station, Skylab. The mission began on July 28, 1973 and ended on September 25, 1973. It lasted 59 days. The crew consisted of three astronauts: Alan Bean, Owen Garriott, and Jack Lousma.
On September 20, 1973, the astronauts saw a bright red light, which they described as a “red satellite.” They said it was rotating because it had a variation in brightness. The object followed them for more than 10 minutes, and at around 16:46 GMT, the astronauts lost visual contact with the UFO after both Skylab and the object crossed the sunset terminator into darkness. According to Alan Bean, it was one of the most unusual things they had seen.
These blurry photos were taken by astronauts Alan Bean, Owen Garriott, and Jack Lousma aboard Skylab 3 on Sept 20, 1973. Image credit: NASA- Photo ID: SL3-118-2141
Image credit: NASA- Photo ID: SL3-118-2138
NASA- Photo ID: SL3-118-2139
What makes this sighting so mysterious is that the object’s orbit was dangerously close to Skylab’s orbit, so it should have been picked up by NORAD at some time during its orbit. There was no report that NASA or NORAD detected any object near Skylab. The astronauts never saw the object again. The photos of the UFO were removed from NASA’s archives. Below is the trajectory of both Skylab “blue” and the UFO “red.”
1. First sighting of the UFO (≈60km range), 2. UFO still following Skylab (≈30km range), 3. Both Skylab and the UFO entered the sunset terminator, visual contact was lost (≈3km range). Image credit: UFOLOGY_RESEARCH
NASA had an agreement with the US intelligence community that dated from the beginning of the Gemini program. All astronaut photographs of the Earth would first be reviewed by the National Photographic Interpretation Center in Building 213 in the Washington, DC Navy Yard. NPIC was an organization managed by the CIA that interpreted satellite and aerial photography.
On April 19, 1974, someone in the CIA sent the Director of Central Intelligence William Colby a memorandum regarding a little problem. “The issue arises from the fact that the recent Skylab mission inadvertently photographed” the airfield at Groom Lake. “There were specific instructions not to do this,” the memo stated, and Groom “was the only location which had such an instruction.” In other words, the CIA considered no other spot on Earth to be as sensitive as Groom Lake, and the astronauts had just taken a picture of it.
Second sighting: Voronezh, Russia – November 8, 1989
The second sighting of this UFO took place in the Russian city of Voronezh on November 8, 1989, during the 1989 UFO wave in the USSR. Two Russian cadets named Alexei Fomin and Alexander Petrov, from the Voronezh High Aviation Engineering School, photographed a strange object in the sky. The UFO was grey/white in color and surrounded by a pink halo. It hovered above the city for around 6 minutes, then it started decreasing in size and vanished, leaving a trail of smoke in the sky.
Experts carefully examined the image to determine if the spherical object had been edited.
Image Credit: Jason Gleaves
This is the photo of a football-shaped UFO flying over a Russian city that convinced an expert it was real.
Image Credit: Jason Gleaves
The supposed UFO appeared a few weeks later, when school children from South Park along Mendeleev Street in Voronezh claimed to have seen three aliens emerge out of a large, shining ball. Additionally, experts who analyzed the photo did not find any forgery with the images.
Third sighting: Bekasi City, Indonesia – June 29, 2020
This 50-second UFO footage was filmed by an Indonesian man named Ardian Syamsudin. The UFO sighting took place in the city of Bekasi on June 29, 2020. According to Ardian, the UFO appeared at night on several occasions.
Fortunately, he was able to record it on his phone. The UFO appears to glow in a violet/pink color and looks very similar to the 1989 sighting in Voronezh.
Here is an image comparison of the three UFO sightings. Is this all just a coincidence? Could it be that the same UFO visited Earth for at least 47 years?
Coming back to the Skylab incident, NASA had an agreement with the US intelligence community that dated from the beginning of the Gemini program. All astronaut photographs of the Earth would first be reviewed by the National Photographic Interpretation Center in Building 213 in the Washington, DC Navy Yard. NPIC was an organization managed by the CIA that interpreted satellite and aerial photography.
NASA conspirators have full assurance that the US space agency has been covering the evidence of UFOs since the first Apollo mission. Donna Hare claimed to have worked for NASA contactor Philco Ford in the early 1970s. She had a high-security clearance to walk in NASA’s photo lab and other departments.
During the Disclosure Project press conference, Hare revealed that NASA covered up and eliminated space anomalies such as UFOs from the satellite photos. Hare has got several awards in the space programs. She dedicated most of her time as a technical illustrator to space programs. She created lunar maps, landing slides and had been working for 15 years as a sub-contractor for NASA. (Click here to read more about it)
The most so-called common extraterrestrial species described by contactees and witnesses is “Grey” or “Gray.” There are various accounts recorded in the government files where Greys are widely discussed. Preston Dennett, a well-known UFO researcher has the interesting case of a woman from California who encountered a gray alien named “Sen.”
In his book, “Wondrous: 25 True UFO Encounters,” published in 2021, Dennett presented the encounters of Julia (pseudonym) and what she learned from Grey called Sen about her own encounters and the alien agenda on our planet.
At 19 years old, Julia left her family and home in Prunedale, California. Her childhood had been difficult, filled with unexplained events. She had tried to get help from her parents, but they were strict and did not understand her. So, Julia left everything behind and decided to get as far away from her home as she could.
Preston Dennett. Image via YouTube
She ended up settling on the east coast of the United States, where she began to rebuild her life. She found a job and a place to live. She started her own small business, made friends, and met the man who would one day become her husband.
Finally secure, she began to examine her childhood, trying to figure out the source of her trauma. She remembered terrifying events during which her room was filled with light and shadowy figures approached her. She came upon the subject of aliens and UFOs. She realized that it was probably what had happened. It was aliens. But the whole idea terrified her and she refused to think about it.
She decided to just drop the subject not to think about it and move on with her life, but in 2011 everything changed. She had a sudden and very strong impulse to move back to California and as she said, “I honestly can’t tell you why I felt like I was being directed to do this.”
So, she and her boyfriend moved to pacific grove California and this is when her life started to get really strange again. She started having some weird harmonic ringing sounds in her ear, and her right ear was like tinnitus. She went to the doctor, but he could not explain it. There were no insects in her ear canal as she feared, and it was not tinnitus. The doctor had no diagnosis.
UFO Sightings
Then came the UFO sightings, weird glowing orbs hovering over the house. One evening, there was a ship overhead. Julia saw it through the skylight above her bed. The next thing she knew, she was paralyzed. A short time later, she fell asleep.
In the morning, she told everything her boyfriend. She could no longer live in denial. The memories of her childhood experience were flooding back. The excruciating tones in her right ear were becoming unbearable. UFOs were hovering over their house, and she finally found the reason for her problems. It was aliens, and they had been visiting her since she was a girl. Now they were back, and she believed the source of the tones in her ear was probably an alien implant.
Her boyfriend was shocked, but he was also very supportive. He believed her but had no idea how to help her. Deeply in love, they got married.
Extraterrestrial Contact
Julia examined her childhood. She remembered seeing colorful orbs when she was a little girl. She recalled hundreds of times when her bedroom was filled with light and scary shadowy figures materialized around her. She remembered a dramatic UFO sighting of a giant flying saucer when she was ten. Julia could no longer deny that she was having contact with extraterrestrials.
David Huggins’ drawing represents the encounter with the so-called Gray alien. (This image is only for illustration purposes)
Then one evening, she woke up to hear a weird musical sound reverberating through the house. She wandered around, trying to locate the source. Then she realized, it was inside her head. Next thing she knew, Julia found herself being pulled onboard a craft. She saw that she was laying on a table in a small, round room, surrounded by short, thin, gray-skinned beings with large bald heads and big dark eyes.
They handed her a baby and asked her to hold it. It looked just like a gray alien. Julia was shocked. And looking outside the craft, she saw the darkness of space, and far below her, the planet Earth.
The next thing she knew, it was morning, and she was back in bed. Looking at her stomach, she saw three bleeding puncture wounds. Both Julia and her husband were shocked and traumatized. And they became even more shocked when they discovered that Julia was pregnant.
From this point, events escalated. Julia kept waking up to find herself unable to move. One evening, her husband woke up to see a gray alien entering their bedroom. Shortly later, Julia had a miscarriage. She was secretly relieved. The pregnancy had not felt normal, and she was certain that it had something to do with the night she was taken on board a craft.
At that point, her experiences ended. Or so she thought. They fled California and moved to the east coast. They had a baby boy and became pregnant with their second child. Then, one morning, Julia decided to reach out mentally to contact the gray alien baby she had held in her arms years ago.
Preston Dennett at MUFON conference. Date and place are unknown. Credit: Preston Dennett
To her shock, she made instant contact. In her mind, she saw a gray. He introduced himself and said his name was Sen and that he was made up of her DNA. Then began an hours-long conversation in which Julia learned all the answers about everything that had happened to her throughout her life.
She felt very strongly telepathically connected to him to the degree that she actually found herself inside this little ship with him and could see everything he was seeing. This was the beginning of an hours-long conversation between Julia and Sen.
Julia said he showed her his planet, spaceship, and technology. Further, she was told about their agenda. Sen explained to her that his race used humans to bridge themselves back into the law of attraction. A long time ago, their species was like humans, beautiful creatures that reproduced on a planet they chose a life of exploration among the stars and began to experiment on themselves to create bodies better suited for space travel.
They began the long process of eliminating the strands of DNA that existed in the law of attraction hormones and emotions the vibrations and frequencies were changed using light therapy. This changed them physically into creatures that eventually became asexual once sensed people stopped feeling the vibration and frequency of attraction. They began to stop feeling a connection to each other, reproduction became uninteresting, and they began to clone themselves and some travel in space.
Julia came to know about the weird noise in her ears. Sen told her:
“It’s not us it’s you it’s the sound of your hormonal frequencies it is your sound and we are mapping that frequency.”
Julia noted:” He explained that the implant in my ear was a recording device that emitted and mapped the vibrations made by my hormonal and emotional responses. They mapped this vibration in order to replace this frequency with their own DNA. The baby I held on the ship had pieces of me but mostly they used vibrations that they had recorded into its DNA and when they handed me the baby.”
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A New Kind of Stellar Explosion Has Been Discovered: Micronovae
A New Kind of Stellar Explosion Has Been Discovered: Micronovae
The most energetic explosions in the Universe come from stars called supernovae. These galactic bombs have the energy of about 1028 mega-tons. After they detonate, the only thing left behind is either a neutron star or black hole. Another type of stellar explosion is known as a nova which has much less energy and covers the surface of a white dwarf.
Now, a team of astronomers recently discovered a new type of stellar explosion akin to supernovae and novae but with much less energy, and they’re calling it a micronova.
An artist’s impression of a micronova explosion from the base of the accretion
There are two types of supernovae, type I and type II. The first type happens in a binary star system, where two stars are gravitationally bound by each other, one being a white dwarf. The white dwarf collects matter from its companion star and eventually explodes, leaving nothing behind. The second type occurs when a star with enough mass, estimated to be in the range of eight to fifteen solar masses, runs out of nuclear fuel and its core collapses. The rebound from the collapse causes its outer layers to expand outward, leaving behind a neutron star or black hole.
A nova also happens on a white dwarf star in a binary star system and when enough material gathers on the surface of the star, a fusion reaction happens causing an explosion that engulfs the whole surface. This blast emits as much energy as our sun releases in 10,000 years.
Novae occurring on white dwarfs in a binary star system cover the entire star’s surface. However, while the newly discovered micronovae are caused by the same thing, these explosions happen when the material accreted onto the white dwarf from its companion accumulate at its magnetic poles. Novae can last for several weeks, but micronovae last only a few hours.
Artist’s impression of a micronova Credit: ESO
While examining data collected from NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), the astronomers “discovered something unusual: a bright flash of optical light lasting for a few hours. Searching further, we found several similar signals,” said Nathalie Degenaar, co-author of the paper recently published in the journal Nature (quoted from source).
They spotted three micronovae with this data. Using the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) they were able to verify one of the star’s status as a white dwarf; the other two were known white dwarfs.
It is unknown how often these micronovae happen. According to Simone Scaringi of Durham University in the UK who is the lead astronomer for the team, “One of the systems shows evidence for micronovae recurring about every 100 days or so. Another target shows the bursts happening about every day on the other hand.” The regularity seems to be tied in to the amount of mass the white dwarf collects over a set amount of time. “The faster recurring system has a much higher mass accretion rate than the other system.”
Continuing on, Scaringi says “It may be that a specific system will show the (recurring) micronovae events only when the material being funneled on to the magnetic poles can remain confined for long enough to reach thermonuclear triggering conditions. In some occasions this may not happen, and material will (evenly) spread around the entire white dwarf surface, potentially building a layer of fresh hydrogen that may grow over time and drive a classical nova.”
“”These events may actually be quite common, but because they are so fast they are difficult to catch in action,” Scaringi explains” (source). In order to answer these questions the team wants to find more of these micronovae outbursts and are looking forward to using data from large-scale surveys combined with rapid response observations from telescopes like the VLT or ESO’s New Technology Telescope.
Header: This artist’s impression shows a two-star system, with a white dwarf (in the foreground) and a companion star (in the background), where micronovae may occur. Credit: Mark Garlick
Interview of Lue Elizondo – Former Director of the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program
Luis Elizondo is a former U.S. Army Counterintelligence Special Agent and former employee of the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence. After his resignation in 2017, he joined the company To The Stars as its Director of Global Security and Special Programs. Elizondo left the company in late 2020. The company produced the History Channel docuseries Unidentified: Inside America’s UFO Investigation, in which he stars.
Forty-four years ago, a strange event occurred in the history of the TV broadcast. A live TV broadcasting was taken over by the so-called alien intelligence for full six minutes and conveyed a bizarre message for all humanity. This mysterious event remained unsolved till today.
On November 26, 1977, at around 5 p.m., a regular news programing of the Independent Broadcasting Authority on Southern Television network, Southern England was interrupted by a computer-generated voice. When Southern TV’s news anchor Andrew Gardner was delivering the top news headlines, his voice got distorted, TV picture wobbled and people heard a strange, metallic buzzing and then a deep and somber, echoing voice that seemed to had been electronically disguised bellowed out from a person claiming to be an alien from another world.
Andrew Gardener was interrupted by a voice that claimed to be an intergalactic alien. Credit: YouTube
The voice called himself Vrillion and represented a certain body known as “The Ashtar Galactic Command.” It delivered an enigmatic message, asking humans to give up warlike ways and embrace peace before it was too late.
The entire message reads:
“This is the voice of Vrillon, a representative of the Ashtar Galactic Command, speaking to you. For many years you have seen us as lights in the skies. We speak to you now in peace and wisdom as we have done to your brothers and sisters all over this, your planet Earth. We come to warn you of the destiny of your race and your world so that you may communicate to your fellow beings the course you must take to avoid the disaster which threatens your world, and the beings on our worlds around you.
This is in order that you may share in the great awakening, as the planet passes into the New Age of Aquarius. The New Age can be a time of great peace and evolution for your race, but only if your rulers are made aware of the evil forces that can overshadow their judgments.
Be still now and listen, for your chance may not come again. All your weapons of evil must be removed. The time for conflict is now past and the race of which you are a part may proceed to the higher stages of its evolution if you show yourselves worthy to do this. You have but a short time to learn to live together in peace and goodwill. Small groups all over the planet are learning this, and exist to pass on the light of the dawning New Age to you all.
You are free to accept or reject their teachings, but only those who learn to live in peace will pass to the higher realms of spiritual evolution. Hear now the voice of Vrillon, a representative of the Ashtar Galactic Command, speaking to you. Be aware also that there are many false prophets and guides operating in your world. They will suck your energy from you – the energy you call money and will put it to evil ends and give you worthless dross in return.
Your inner divine self will protect you from this. You must learn to be sensitive to the voice within that can tell you what is truth, and what is confusion, chaos and untruth. Learn to listen to the voice of truth which is within you and you will lead yourselves onto the path of evolution. This is our message to our dear friends. We have watched you growing for many years as you too have watched our lights in your skies.
You know now that we are here, and that there are more beings on and around your Earth than your scientists admit. We are deeply concerned about you and your path towards the light and will do all we can to help you. Have no fear, seek only to know yourselves, and live in harmony with the ways of your planet Earth.
We of the Ashtar Galactic Command thank you for your attention. We are now leaving the plane of your existence. May you be blessed by the supreme love and truth of the cosmos.”
During the whole transmission, the video feed was touched with just a slight distortion. The message ended during the programming of the Looney Tunes cartoon. Andrew Gardner remained silent on the incident and acted as if nothing happened. However, the strange transmission was heard by thousands of people in the south of England who must have thought it was a joke.
The TV station apologized to its viewers for the inconvenience and publicly dismissed the whole matter as a hoax. Soon, all British media outlets published the news about this incident, and then it grabbed the attention of international media. The ITV company, whose broadcast was interrupted by this message, long and carefully searched for the culprit of the incident, a possible prankster or ingenious technician who managed to hack their equipment. Unfortunately, they failed to trace the culprit. They only managed to find out that the signal was sent to the Hannington transmitter antenna located on Connington Hill and broadcasting to Berkshire and North Hampshire. And the signal source was quite small, located somewhere near the antenna.
This incident has been studied many times by various researchers of anomalous phenomena and ufologists. Particularly famous is the work of John Reppion, a collector of British bizarre tales and folklore.
Reppion claimed that the person behind the mysterious message had thoroughly prepared for his case and specially chose the time of the late afternoon news for the broadcast so that the maximum number of people could hear it. Reppion went on to examine several subsequent cases in which pranksters tried to interfere with American TV broadcasts, and found that they were fundamentally different from the “message of Ashtar.”
All American pranksters sent deliberately humorous messages on TV, while Vrillon’s voice was broadcast in all seriousness and never said anything that would indicate something funny. And even the way Vrillon’s voice sounded betrayed something completely different. It was not exactly a human voice, but something strange, electronic, extraterrestrial. Some supposedly real recordings of this broadcast can be found on the net, but these may only be late reconstruction attempts.
Many ufologists nowadays believe that Ashtar’s message was a real attempt by aliens to establish contact with earthlings and try to convince them not to start World War III. It is believed that in the late 1970s, the Cold War between the West and the USSR became especially tense, and many people believed that a nuclear war was about to begin.
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Philip Mantle talks with Paul Sinclair
Philip Mantle talks with Paul Sinclair
Philip Mantle talks with Paul Sinclair
Internationally published author, lecturer and broadcaster on the subject of UFOs. Formerly Director of Investigations, Press Officer and Conference Organiser for the British UFO Research Association.
Launched FLYING DISK PRESS in 2016. Former editor of the magazines UFO MATRIX and UFO TODAY.
Philip will be discussing his new book UFO LANDINGS UK
Locked in Vatican’s Vaults - the REAL History of E.T Visitations to Planet Earth
Locked in Vatican’s Vaults - the REAL History of E.T Visitations to Planet Earth
Watch Over 400 Thought Provoking Interviews https://www.gaia.com/open_your_mind hosted by Regina Meredith, featuring cutting-edge visionaries and tireless researchers who provide crucial information to awaken viewers to new perspectives that spark awareness, understanding and ultimately, transformation - Rumor has long held that deep within the vaults of the Vatican library lie the answers we seek concerning extraterrestrial visitation upon our world.
Through legal maneuvering, one man has chanced an encounter with these enigmatic documents, Daniel Sheehan. In this interview with Regina Meredith, he discusses the many trials and tribulations he endured as navigated the complex legal system which seems bent upon keeping this important information forever concealed. Daniel Sheehan is a Harvard College, Harvard Law School and Harvard Divinity School-trained Constitutional Litigation and Appellate Attorney.
Dan's work as a Federal Civil Rights Attorney, Author, Public Speaker and College and Law School Educator has helped expose the structural sources of injustice in our country and around the world. In 1977, he served as a "Special Counsel" to the United States Library of Congress' investigation into the existence of extraterrestrial intelligence that had been expressly requested by then President Jimmy Carter. In 2001, Dan was invited to serve as General Counsel to The Disclosure Project.
Crewed Mars missions have been the talk of the town for the past few years. But first, lessons learned from the upcoming Artemis program will be imperative to prepare for future trips to Mars. And one of them will involve figuring out the power systems, including ones that haven't been tested on the moon's surface, such as nuclear energy, that would support future settlements.
Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, published a paper in the journal Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences that argues a human expedition to Mars can be fueled by photovoltaics-based power systems, instead of nuclear energy.
Comparing various options
The concept isn't entirely new. In fact, the primary source of power for some NASA Mars rovers comes from a multi-panel solar array. These rover solar arrays generate about 140 watts of power for up to four hours per sol, a Martian day.
However, in the current study, researchers weighed the options - they compared different ways to generate power. The calculations observed the amount of equipment mass needed to be transported from Earth to the Martian surface for a six-person mission. Specifically, they quantified the requirements of a nuclear-powered system against different photovoltaic and even photoelectrochemical devices.
Photovoltaics-based power systems practical to sustain a crewed mission
The productivity of solar-powered solutions depends on solar intensity, surface temperature, and other factors that would determine where a non-nuclear outpost would be optimally located. This took into account several factors, such as the absorption and scattering of light in the atmosphere, which would affect the amount of solar radiation at the planet’s surface.
A photovoltaic array that uses compressed hydrogen for energy storage eventually emerged as the winner. The “carry-along mass” of such a system is about 8.3 tons versus about 9.5 tons for nuclear power at the equator. Usage of the solar-based system becomes less sustainable closer to the equator at more than 22 tons, but it outperforms fission energy across about 50 percent of the Martian surface.
“I think it’s nice that the result was split pretty close down the middle,” co-lead author Aaron Berliner, a bioengineering graduate student in the Arkin Laboratory at UC Berkeley, said. “Nearer the equator, solar wins out; nearer the poles, nuclear wins.”
Hydrogen can also be combined with nitrogen to produce ammonia for fertilizers. Though technologies like water electrolysis to produce hydrogen and hydrogen fuel are less common on Earth, they can be a game-changer for the human occupation of Mars.
“Compressed hydrogen energy storage falls into this category as well,” co-lead author Anthony Abel, a chemical and biomolecular engineering Ph.D. student at UC Berkeley, said. “For grid-scale energy storage, it’s not used commonly, although that is projected to change in the next decade.”
“Now that we have an idea of how much power is available, we can start connecting that availability to the biotechnologies in CUBES,” Berliner said. “The hope is ultimately to build out a full model of the system, with all of the components included, which we envision as helping to plan a mission to Mars, evaluate tradeoffs, identify risks, and come up with mitigation strategies either beforehand or during the mission.”
The mayor of the Turkish city wherein Gobekli Tepe is located recently offered a fantastic theory for the ancient archaeological site's origins: aliens. The eyebrow-raising assessmentreportedly occurred earlier this week as Zeynel Abidin Beyazgül, who presides over the community of Urfa, was speaking to Turkish media outlet Milliyet. In discussing the 12,000-year-old complex, the mayor mused that "every person who sees Gobekli Tepe, scientist or normal person, states that there is a mystery and secrets here. But they can't find it." Beyazgül then boldly declared that "I will tell you about these mysteries and secrets," which he apparently believes center around an extraterrestrial hypothesis.
To that end, the mayor surprisingly argued that "the statues in Gobekli Tepe depict something other than humans. They seem to be coming from somewhere else. They remind me of aliens." Lest one think that Beyazgül was merely waxing poetic, he pointed out a number of elements about the site which informed that thinking. Specifically, the mayor noted that the aforementioned sculptures show people who are wearing attire that appears to be out of place for the era in which the complex was built. "People of the time wore pelts, but here, we see V-shaped motives," he noted, wondering "if the first humans wore pelts, who are these people?"
Additionally, Beyazgül pointed out the peculiar depiction of handbags in some of the artwork at Gobekli Tepe and observed that "those purses are akin to the modern purses of today. If we think that those purses were made by the men of the time, we would be wrong. The probability of another living creature making that purse is more likely." Beyond the artwork at the site, the mayor also expressed skepticism that the massive stones used to construct the complex could have been moved by humans and, instead, asked "did beings from outer space come and do this?"
While the theory that extraterrestrials may have had a hand in Gobekli Tepe is not a particularly new idea to ancient alien enthusiasts, the fact that Beyazgül seemingly endorsed the concept is rather remarkable. That said, unless some Earth-shattering artifact is unearthed at the site someday, the possibility that extraterrestrials had a hand in building the complex is likely to remain a matter of conjecture, despite the mayor's tantalizing assertions. With that in mind, what's your take on the Beyazgül's musings? Do you think aliens built Gobekli Tepe or was it the work of human hands? Share your theory with us at the Coast to Coast AM Facebook page.
The 2022 crop circle season is officially underway in the UK as the first formation of the year has been found by researchers. The design was reportedly discovered over the weekend in a field of rapeseed located on a property known as Enmill Barn near the community of Winchester. The fairly rudimentary formation consists of four spheres orbiting a larger circle which sits in the center of the composition. As is so often the case with the puzzling phenomenon, a diligent drone operator has already procured footage (seen above) of the wondrous sight which the website Crop Circle Connector has officially deemed the first formation of 2022.
Of course, who or what created the crop circle is a matter of conjecture as some observers have argued that the formation appears to sport certain imperfections that suggest it was produced by people. However, others have opted to focus on the design itself and posit thRELATD VIDEOSat it is some kind of mystical message symbolizing the iconic four elements and that it was left behind by visitors who are not from this world. Setting aside the debate over the origins of this particular composition, one thing is for certain: the design discovered over the weekend is merely just the first in what will undoubtedly be a series of fantastic formations that will pop up over the next few months as the 2022 crop circle season unfolds.
For decades, everything notable in space was connected to the U.S.
But that might not be so for long. Not necessarily.
After the space shuttle program was retired in 2011, Russia and the U.S. collaborated on many missions to the International Space Station — for much of the twenty-teens. While the rise of SpaceX provided an alternative mode of transport of goods, supplies, and astronauts to space for NASA, the European Space Agency, and other agencies, Russia and the U.S. (and its allies) continued to work in meaningful collaborations.
Until this year.
Now, with immense pressure on the West to follow through on embargoes, shifting geopolitical lines on Earth are beginning to reflect policies in the final frontier.
Whether necessary or tragic, here's where Russia and its space program stand as its partnerships with the West continue to change.
Russia breaks up with NASA, the ESA, and more
Any attempt to draw geopolitical lines of change in times of radical transition is inherently tenuous, since history itself is always subject to future reinterpretation. But for most science enthusiasts, relations between NASA and Roscosmos — the Russian space agency — took a turn for the worse when Russia executed an anti-satellite missile test in November of 2021. This sent thousands of chunks of supersonic space debris into trajectories that threatened the livelihood of seven astronauts aboard the ISS, who were forced to take shelter and adjust the station's orbit.
In days and weeks following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, the chief of Roscosmos Dmitry Rogozin appeared to threaten to disconnect the Russian thruster module from the station — removing the ISS' primary means of periodically accelerating itself to keep from re-entering the atmosphere and burning up. There were also concerns that when the last Russian cosmonauts returned, they might leave behind an American astronaut (who was slated to return with them on a Soyuz module). This would have been highly unorthodox, and left lasting impressions on the legacy of partnerships in space.
Luckily, neither of these happened, but a souring of relations has since come to feel inevitable: Early this month, Russia announced it would suspend cooperation on the ISS. This news also came from a tweet from Roscosmos Director Rogozin, who declared that Russia would end its ties with the ISS and additional space projects until the ongoing sanctions against his country were rescinded.
Russia's space program has eliminated its support of US military interests
Arguing that the intention of the sanctions was to "kill [the] Russian economy and plunge [its] people into despair and hunger, to get [Russia] on its knees," Rogozin declared that "the restoration of normal relations between the partners at the International Space Station and other projects is possible only with full and unconditional removal of illegal sanctions."
This included more than just Russia's partnerships with NASA. It also applied to Roscosmos' partnerships with the Canadian Space Agency, and the European Space Agency (ESA). The ESA had already suspended its cooperation with Roscosmos in March — specifically, regarding the ExoMars rover mission. The U.K. satellite firm OneWeb subsequently pivoted to SpaceX's services after Russia refused to launch the former's orbital satellites.
To be clear — OneWeb's ride on Russia's rockets wasn't canceled merely out of principle or because of embargoes from the West. Russia demanded that OneWeb guarantee that its 36 satellites not be used for military purposes. The firm refused, which left Russia with only one choice — according to its rational self-interest. After all, the U.S. would not launch satellites that would be used against its strategic self-interest.
Like on Earth, the future of space is bipolar, not monopolar
Most recently, the ESA declared it wouldn't join Russia during its missions to the moon — called Luna — with ongoing sanctions and an atmosphere of conflict. From every angle, it seems like Russia is cutting ties with the West when it comes to space ventures. But while this may make it look like the country is losing out, readers should take note: it still has ongoing deals with China — two countries whose relationship has never been warmer.
Last March, China and Russia announced they would build a lunar space station, after the latter declined to join NASA's Gateway program — a rival space station slated to orbit the moon after construction is complete, sometime later this decade or the early 2030s. Meanwhile, Russia and China's forthcoming International Scientific Lunar Station is slated to become "a complex of experimental research facilities created on the surface and/or in orbit of the moon," read a Roscosmos statement reported by The Verge.
As far as we can tell, these plans are still in motion. And, with China's space program accelerating — for example with ongoing crewed missions to its Tiangong space station — the new partnership between Russia and China could serve as a viable alternative to the NASA alliance and Artemis missions. The new Sino-Russian partnership will definitely take longer than Western space programs, since the latter is moving forward on the shoulders of financial giant Elon Musk and his aerospace firm, SpaceX (among others, like Jeff Bezos' Blue Origin). But for better or worse, the future of space, just like Earth, will no longer be wholly under the jurisdiction of the United States, or unipolar — but bipolar, or centered around two edifices of power. In the coming decades, space exploration will continue to thrive not only under NASA and its public-private partnerships, but also under China and Russia, whether U.S. officials like it or not. It would be misguided to presume otherwise.
Seagulls could be alien spies sent to watch us, UFO expert claims
Could seagulls be alien drones?
( Image: Triangle News)
Seagulls could be alien spies sent to watch us, UFO expert claims
Nick Pope is a UFO expert and once worked as a Government advisor on alien issues, and now he has spoken out to say that seagulls might actually be extraterrestrial spies
A UFO expert believes that seagulls could be alien spies sent to earth to spy on humanity, and honestly, it makes a lot of sense.
Nick Pope, who worked as a Government advisor and investigated UFOs for the MoD, urged people to be distrustful of the greedy gulls.
He said that besides stealing chips and ice creams, they could pose a more serious threat by collecting evidence for an advanced alien race.
Nick said that aliens could be using the birds to surveil us and send secrets back to their mothership.
Nick Pope is a real-life UFO expert
( Image: Triangle News)
What do you think about the seagull threat? Let us know in the comments...
"But all the time, it would be spying on us, recording everything, and sending information about us back to the alien homeworld.
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"So next time you move to swat that fly, watch out - your actions might inadvertently start an interstellar war!"
The expert added that if aliens were monitoring Earth they'd be doing it "up-close-and-personal" and seagulls would be a way for them to get "crystal clear images and recordings, right under our noses."
Nick continued: "Any civilization capable of getting here from other star systems undoubtedly has technology that would seem like magic to us, and one possibility is that they might be able to implant a living creature with tiny cameras and recording devices, and then control its thoughts to position it anywhere of interest.
The pesky chip thieves could actually be alien tools for collecting evidence on us
(Image: Getty Images/iStockphoto)
"A related alternative would be to construct drones that are indistinguishable from an animal, a bird or an insect. If that sounds like science fiction, it isn't.
"People have probably seen on the internet some images of insect-like drones that spy agencies allegedly use.
The expert said aliens would want to spy on humanity 'up-close-and-personal'
(Image: Getty Images/iStockphoto)
"As ever, if that's the stuff they're showing you, what else have they got that they aren't showing you?
"By way of comparison, aircraft like the stealth fighter and the stealth bomber were flying for years before they were public knowledge."
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TicTac Craft Over Sydney, Australia 4-28-2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
TicTac Craft Over Sydney, Australia 4-28-2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: April 28, 2022 Location of sighting: Sydney, Australia
This tictac shaped UFO was spotted over Sydney yesterday. The object was seen shooting across the sky and had the shape of a giant pink tictac. The object left a huge trial, which was to deceive the public watching to make it appear as if it were just a jet. However the there are no wings, no tail, no windows, no markings or even lights on this craft. This is truly and unidentified flying object. Ausralia is a hotbed for UFO activity, and the outback desert is no exception to this rule. There are even more sightings in the outback...and the local aborigines have stories that go back thousands of years about a god-like species that travels across the sky. Ancient aborigines drawings on the desert rocks and caves justify the stories.
Weird or What looks at alien encounters. It first looks at cattle mutilations and considers possible explanations including aliens, flies, and the government. It then examines whether alien abductions are real or caused by sleep paralysis or abnormal neural activity. Finally, it looks at the Wow Message captured by a SETI scientist and considers whether it represents a genuine alien message.
'Otherworldly' images that capture what looks like a flying saucer crashed on Mars have been revealed byNASA.
But although the scene may appear sci-fi like — as one engineer described it — the wreckage shown actually belongs to humans, not an alien civilisation.
The colour pictures were taken by the US space agency's Ingenuity helicopter and capture the landing equipment used during its arrival with the Perseverance rover in February last year.
A parachute and the cone-shaped backshell that protected the car-sized vehicle in space, as well as during its fiery descent toward the Martian surface, can be seen in incredible detail.
Fascinating: 'Otherworldly' images that capture what looks like a flying saucer crashed on Mars have been revealed by NASA
But although the scene may appear sci-fi like — as one engineer described it — the wreckage shown actually belongs to humans, not an alien civilisation. The colour pictures were taken by the US space agency's Ingenuity helicopter and capture the landing equipment used during its arrival with the Perseverance rover in February last year
INGENUITY FLIGHTS SO FAR
Flight one: April 19, 2021 with a vertical takeoff up to 9.8ft, stationary hover and a landing
Flight two: April 22, 2021 with a vertical takeoff up to 16ft, hover, then shift westward for 14ft before returning and landing
Flight three: April 25, 2021 with a vertical takeoff up to 16ft, hover, shift northwards for 328ft at an airspeed of 2 m/s before returning to land
Flight four: April 30, 2021 with a vertical takeoff up to 16ft, hover, shift southwards 873ft at 3.5m/s before returning to land
Flight five: May 7, 2021 with a vertical takeoff up to 33ft, hover, shift southwards 423ft at 3.5 m/s before landing at that new location
Flight six: May 22, 2021 with a vertical takeoff of 33ft, hover, shift southwest 492ft at 9mph, travel 49ft south, travel 164ft before returning to land
Flight seven: June 8, 2021 with a vertical takeoff of 33ft, hover, shift 348ft at 9mph, land at Airfield D
Flight eight: June 21, 2021 with a vertical takeoff, hover, shift southwest 520ft, land at Airfield E 438ft away from Perseverance
Flight nine: July 5, 2021 with a record length of 2,050ft southwest over a prospective research location at 16ft per second.
Flight ten: July 24, 2021 with a record height of 40 feet (12 metres) over Raised Ridges to Airfield G. Flight duration 165.4 seconds.
Flight eleven: August 5, 2021 by flying 1,250ft for 130 seconds in preparation for a series of reconnaissance missions for the Perseverance rover.
Flight twelve: August 16, 2021 by flying 1,476ft for 169 seconds, climbing 32.8ft in the air, over the 'South Seitah' region of Mars.
Flight thirteen: September 5, 2021 by flying 690ft for 160.5 seconds, climbing 26ft over one particular ridgeline over the 'South Seitah' region of Mars.
Flight fourteen: October 25, 2021 by flying a 'short hop' of 6.5ft (2m) to test out higher rpm settings. It flew for 23 seconds at 1mph at an altitude of 16ft (5m).
Flight fifteen: November 6, 2021 by flying back towards its original landing site. It flew for a total of 128 seconds at an estimated 11mph.
Flight sixteen: November 20, 2021 by travelling 381ft (116m) for a total of 108 seconds at an estimated 3mph.
Flight seventeen: December 5, 2021 by flying back toward the Wright Brothers Field at the Octavia E. Butler landing site. It flew 614ft (187m) for a total of 117 seconds at an estimated 6mph.
Flight eighteen: December 15, 2021 by travelling 755ft (230m) for a total of 124.3 seconds at an estimated 5mph.
Flight nineteen: February 7, 2022 by travelling 207ft (63m) for a total of 99.8 seconds at an estimated 2mph.
Flight twenty: February 25, 2022 by travelling 1,283ft (391m) for a total of 130.3 seconds at an estimated 10mph.
Flight twenty one: March 11, 2022 by travelling 1,214ft (370m) for a total of 129.2 seconds at an estimated 8mph.
Flight twenty two: March 19, 2022 by travelling 223ft (68m) for a total of 101.4 seconds at an estimated 2.2mph.
Flight twenty three: March 23, 2022 by travelling 1,175ft (358m) for a total of 129.1 seconds at an estimated 8.9mph.
Flight twenty four: April 3, 2022 by travelling 154ft (47m) for a total of 69.5 seconds at an estimated 3.2mph.
Flight twenty five: April 8, 2022 by travelling 2,310ft (704m) for a total of 161.3 seconds at an estimated 12.3mph.
Flight twenty six: April 19, 2022 by travelling 1,181ft (360m) for a total of 159 seconds at an estimated 8.5mph.
Flight twenty seven: April 23, 2022 by travelling 1,007ft (307m) for a total of 152.9 seconds at an estimated 6.7mph
Ingenuity snapped the aerial images during its 26th flight on the Red Planet, which took place on the one-year anniversary of its iconic first flight. The 'marscopter' was originally designed to do just five flights.
'There's definitely a sci-fi element to it,' Ian Clark, an engineer who worked on Perseverance’s parachute system, said of the photographs, speaking to the NY Times.
'It exudes otherworldly, doesn't it?'
He added: 'They say a picture's worth 1,000 words, but it's also worth an infinite amount of engineering understanding.'
Entry, descent, and landing on Mars is fast-paced and stressful, not only for the engineers back on Earth, but also for the vehicle enduring the gravitational forces, high temperatures, and other extremes that come with entering Mars' atmosphere at nearly 12,500 mph (20,000 kph).
The parachute and backshell were previously imaged from a distance by the Perseverance rover.
But those collected by the rotorcraft — from an aerial perspective and closer — provide more detail.
NASA said the images have the potential to help ensure safer landings for future spacecraft such as the Mars Sample Return Lander, which is part of a multimission campaign that would bring Perseverance's samples of Martian rocks, atmosphere, and sediment back to Earth for detailed analysis.
'Perseverance had the best-documented Mars landing in history, with cameras showing everything from parachute inflation to touchdown,' Clark said.
'But Ingenuity's images offer a different vantage point.
'If they either reinforce that our systems worked as we think they worked or provide even one dataset of engineering information we can use for Mars Sample Return planning, it will be amazing.
'And if not, the pictures are still phenomenal and inspiring.'
In the images of the upright backshell and the debris field that resulted from it impacting the surface at about 78 mph (126 kph), the backshell's protective coating appears to have remained intact during Mars atmospheric entry.
Many of the 80 high-strength suspension lines connecting the backshell to the parachute are visible and also appear intact.
Spread out and covered in dust, only about a third of the orange-and-white parachute – at 70.5 feet (21.5 meters) wide, it was the biggest ever deployed on Mars – can be seen, but the canopy shows no signs of damage from the supersonic airflow during inflation.
Several weeks of analysis will be needed for a more final verdict.
'NASA extended Ingenuity flight operations to perform pioneering flights such as this,' said Teddy Tzanetos, Ingenuity's team lead at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California.
'Every time we're airborne, Ingenuity covers new ground and offers a perspective no previous planetary mission could achieve.'
The Ingenuity rotorcraft, which is just 18 inches tall, was originally designed to fly five times on Mars but has now carried out 27 trips across the Red Planet.
It made history in April 2021 when it completed the first powered controlled flight on any planet other than Earth.
The helicopter is currently acting as a scout for the Perseverance rover, which is searching for ancient microbial life on the Red Planet, and will continue testing its own capabilities to support the design of future Mars air vehicles.
Ingenuity's 159-second flight 26 began at 11:37am local Mars time on April 19.
Flying at 26 feet (8 metres) above ground level, Ingenuity travelled 630 feet (192 metres) to the southeast and took its first picture.
The rotorcraft next headed southwest and then northwest, taking images at pre-planned locations along the route.
Once it had collected 10 images in its flash memory, Ingenuity headed west 246 feet (75 metres) and landed.
The total distance covered was 1,181 feet (360 metres). With the completion of Flight 26, the rotorcraft has now logged more than 49 minutes aloft and travelled 3.9 miles (6.2 kilometres).
'To get the shots we needed, Ingenuity did a lot of maneuvering, but we were confident because there was complicated maneuvering on flights 10, 12, and 13,' said Håvard Grip, chief pilot of Ingenuity at JPL.
'Our landing spot set us up nicely to image an area of interest for the Perseverance science team on Flight 27, near 'Séítah' ridge.'
The new area of operations in Jezero Crater's dry river delta marks a dramatic departure from the modest, relatively flat terrain Ingenuity had been flying over since its first flight.
Several miles wide, the fan-shaped delta formed where an ancient river spilled into the lake that once filled Jezero Crater.
Rising more than 130 feet (40 meters) above the crater floor and filled with jagged cliffs, angled surfaces, projecting boulders, and sand-filled pockets, the delta promises to hold numerous geologic revelations — perhaps even proof that microscopic life existed on Mars billions of years ago.
Upon reaching the delta, Ingenuity's first orders may be to help determine which of two dry river channels Perseverance should climb to reach the top of the delta.
Along with route-planning assistance, data provided by the helicopter will help the Perseverance team assess potential science targets.
Ingenuity may even be called upon to image geologic features too far afield for the rover to reach or to scout landing zones and sites on the surface where sample caches could be deposited for the Mars Sample Return program.
A parachute and the cone-shaped backshell that protected the car-sized vehicle in space, as well as during its fiery descent toward the Martian surface, can be seen in incredible detail
Ingenuity arrived on Mars attached to the belly of Perseverance, which touched down on Mars on February 18, 2021 after a nearly seven-month journey through space (pictured in an artist's impression)
Ingenuity (pictured) snapped the aerial images during its 26th flight on the Red Planet. That is 21 more than it was originally designed to do and took place on the one-year anniversary of its iconic first flight
Ingenuity arrived on Mars attached to the belly of Perseverance, which touched down on Mars on February 18, 2021 after a nearly seven-month journey through space.
Perseverance made its first test drive on Mars on March 4, and on April 4, NASA confirmed that Ingenuity had been dropped to the surface of Mars from Perseverance's 'belly' in preparation for its historic flight.
NASA also said on April 5 that Ingenuity had survived its first night on the Martian surface — a major milestone because surface temperatures can plunge as low as -130°F (-90°C).
The helicopter made its first flight on April 19, 2021, making history as the first powered controlled flight on any planet other than Earth.
In a nod to this feat, Ingenuity carries a small amount of fabric that covered one of the wings of the Wright brothers' aircraft, known as the Flyer, during the first powered, controlled flight on Earth in 1903.
For the first flight, Ingenuity took off, climbed to about 10 feet (3 metres) above the ground, hovered in the air briefly, completed a turn and then landed after 39.1 seconds.
NASA MARS 2020: PERSEVERANCE ROVER AND INGENUITY HELICOPTER ARE SEARCHING FOR LIFE ON THE RED PLANET
NASA's Mars 2020 mission was launched to search for signs of ancient life on the Red Planet in a bid to help scientists better understand how life evolved on Earth in the earliest years of the evolution of the solar system.
Named Perseverance, the main car-sized rover is exploring an ancient river delta within the Jezero Crater, which was once filled with a 1,600ft deep lake.
It is believed that the region hosted microbial life some 3.5 to 3.9 billion years ago and the rover will examine soil samples to hunt for evidence of the life.
Nasa's Mars 2020 rover (artist's impression) is searching for signs of ancient life on Mars in a bid to help scientists better understand how life evolved on our own planet
The $2.5 billion (£1.95 billion) Mars 2020 spaceship launched on July 30 with the rover and helicopter inside - and landed successfully on February 18, 2021.
Perseverance landed inside the crater and will slowly collect samples that will eventually be returned to Earth for further analysis.
A second mission will fly to the planet and return the samples, perhaps by the later 2020s in partnership with the European Space Agency.
This concept art shows the Mars 2020 rover landing on the red planet via NASA's 'sky-crane' system
Nieuwe luchtbeelden tonen brokstukken van landingsstel Marsverkenner Perseverance
Het Amerikaanse ruimtevaartagentschap (NASA) heeft nieuwe foto’s vanop de planeet Mars verspreid. Op de beelden is de parachute en de beschermingsschaal te zien waarmee de marsrobot Perseverance is geland.
De tien luchtfoto’s werden gemaakt tijdens de 26e vlucht van de Marshelikopter Ingenuity op 19 april. “Elke keer dat we de lucht in gaan, vliegt de Ingenuity over nieuw terrein en krijgen we een perspectief dat geen enkele eerdere planetaire missie kon bereiken”, vertelt Teddy Tzanetos die het onderzoeksteam Ingenuity leidt. Op de beelden zijn de brokstukken van zowel de parachute die de Marsrobot hielp landen als de kegelvormige beschermingsschaal van de Perseverance te zien. Deze brokstukken waren eerder enkel vanop een afstand in beeld gebracht door de Marsrobot zelf.
Op de luchtfoto’s gemaakt door de Marshelikopter kunnen de wetenschappers veel meer details onderscheiden. Op die manier kunnen de beelden helpen om toekomstige ruimtevaartuigen veiliger te laten landen. Deze kennis kan onder meer toegepast worden in de ‘Mars Sample Return Lander’, die de stalen van Marsgesteente en sediment verzameld door Perseverance terug naar de aarde moet brengen voor gedetailleerde analyse. Het naderen, afdalen en landen op Mars is namelijk snel en stresserend, niet alleen voor de ingenieurs op aarde, maar ook voor het ruimtevaartuig dat de zwaartekracht, de hoge temperaturen en andere extremen moet doorstaan.
Op de foto’s is te zien dat de beschermende coating van de beschermingsschaal intact lijkt gebleven. Ook de ophangingslijnen die de beschermingsschaal met de parachute verbinden, lijken grotendeels intact. De parachute zelf, bedekt met een oranje stoflaag, is slechts gedeeltelijk te zien op de foto’s. Op het eerste zicht lijkt ook die geen tekenen van schade te vertonen, aldus NASA. De beelden zullen de komende weken verder geanalyseerd worden.
“Best gedocumenteerde Marslanding ooit”
“Perseverance had de best gedocumenteerde Marslanding in de geschiedenis, met camera’s die alles lieten zien, van het opblazen van de parachute tot de landing,” zegt Ian Clark voormalig systeemingenieur van Perseverance en nu leider van het Mars Sample Return opstijgingsteam daarover. Toch bieden de beelden van de Ingenuity nog een bijkomend perspectief, klinkt het. “Ofwel zullen ze bevestigen dat onze systemen werkten zoals we denken dat ze werkten, ofwel kunnen ze technische informatie opleveren die we kunnen gebruiken voor de planning van Mars Sample Return.”
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In Some Places, Black Holes are Tearing Apart Thousands of Stars at a Time
In Some Places, Black Holes are Tearing Apart Thousands of Stars at a Time
At the heart of the more massive galaxies in the Universe, there are supermassive black holes (SMBHs) so powerful that they outshine all of the stars in their galactic disks. The core regions of these galaxies are known as Active Galactic Nuclei(AGN), or by their more popular-moniker “quasars.” The ongoing study of these objects has provided a testbed for General Relativityand revealed a great deal about the formation and evolution of galaxies and the large-scale structure of the Universe.
If there’s one thing astronomers have observed repeatedly, it is the fact that these massive black holes have massive appetites. In fact, a new survey of over 100 galaxies by the NASA Chandra X-ray Observatory has shown that some supermassive black holes can consume stars by the thousands! These results indicate that some SMBHs needed to consume amounts of stellar matter rarely (if ever) seen in the Universe to grow and reach the sizes that astronomers see today.
Artist’s representation of an active galactic nucleus (AGN) at the center of a galaxy.
The four galaxies, NGC 1385, 1566, 3344, and 6503, observed as part of the Chandra survey. Credit: NASA/CXC/Washington State Univ./V. Baldassare et al. (X-ray); NASA/ESA/STScI (Optical).
Previously, black hole studies have fallen into one of two classes. These include those that deal with smaller “stellar-mass” black holes, which typically weigh 5 to 30 Solar masses, and supermassive black holes, which can weigh millions or even billions of solar masses. In recent years, astronomers have also found evidence that an in-between class exists, known as “intermediate-mass” black holes (IMBHs).
While there have been many instances where black holes were observed consuming stars, there was little evidence it occurred on the kind of scale observed by the Baldassare and her colleagues. This latest study, which relied on Chandra data of dense star clusters in the centers of 108 galaxies, could explain how IMBHs are the result of the runaway growth of a much smaller black hole.
“When stars are so close together like they are in these extremely dense clusters, it provides a viable breeding ground for intermediate-mass black holes,” said Baldassare in a Chandra press release. “And it seems that the denser the star cluster, the more likely it is to contain a growing black hole.”
For decades, scientists have proposed various theories on how SMBHs formed shortly after the Big Bang (about 13.8 billion years ago). These included the idea that they formed from the collapse of a gigantic cloud of gas and dust near the center of a galaxy or that they resulted from oversized stars collapsing directly into a medium-sized back hole that consumed stars and other matter grew over time.
However, both of these theories require conditions that are believed to have existed during the first few hundred million years after the Big Bang. In contrast, Baldassare and her team theorized that the key to the formation of black holes is the density of the star clusters near the center of a galaxy. They further theorized that this density is dependent on how fast the stars in the clusters are moving.
If the density is above a certain threshold, they argue, a stellar-mass black hole at the center of a cluster will rapidly grow as it consumes the stars nearby. After observing the Chandra data, the team found that the star clusters at the center of NGC 1385, 1566, 3344, and 6503 had densities above this threshold and were about twice as likely to contain a growing black hole. As co-author Nicholas C. Stone of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem summarized:
“This is one of the most spectacular examples we’ve seen of the insatiable nature of black holes, because thousands or tens of thousands of stars can be consumed during their growth. The runaway growth only begins slowing down once the supply of stars starts to run dry.”
What’s more, the process suggested by the team’s study can occur at any time in the history of the Universe, implying that IMBHs can form right up until the present day. These results might also explain certain types of gravitational wave (GW) signals detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO). In some cases, signals have been detected that appeared to be caused by black holes about 50 to 100 times as massive as the Sun, which most models of stellar collapse do not predict.
Of course, further studies of the centers of active galaxies are needed before any conclusions can be drawn. In the meantime, the team looks forward to additional observations that will test their theory. “Our work doesn’t prove that runaway black hole growth occurs in star clusters,” said co-author Adi Foord from Stanford University. “But with additional X-ray observations and extra theoretical modeling, we could make an even stronger case.”
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
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