Andromeda Tore Apart and Consumed a Neighbor Galaxy

Things may seem quiet and peaceful in the Andromeda Galaxy when you gaze at it in the sky. However, if you know what to look for, there’s evidence of a violent rumble in this galaxy’s past. That’s the takeaway from research by Ivanna Escala, an astronomer at Carnegie Institution for Science in Pasadena. She found telltale clues for a merger a few billion years ago. That’s when Andromeda actively cannibalized another galaxy.

Mergers Make Galaxies

When galaxies collide (and wouldn’t that be a great movie title?), they basically gobble up material from whatever is around—the galaxies themselves, globular clusters, nebulae, whatever’s in the way. They also shove material around rather violently at times. That produces profound disturbances in the wake of the collision. If you look at the sites of galaxy clashes, you can find knots of star birth, for example. They boil up as material is compressed and shocked by the forces of the collision into active star formation regions.

Collisional Pileups

It also creates stellar associations called tidal features. They can look like streams or arcing shells of stars moving along in the wake of the collision. Sometimes they create “pileups” that look like ripples (or arcs of ripples) similar to when you toss a rock into a pond. If you know how to interpret those clues, you can figure out something about the collisions that caused them.

That’s what Escala and her team did. “The remnants of each crash can be identified by studying the movement of the stars and their chemical compositions,” she explained. “Together this information serves as a kind of fingerprint that identifies stars that joined a galaxy in a collision.”

Diving into Andromeda’s Past

The Andromeda Galaxy is about 10 billion years old. By comparison, the Milky Way Galaxy is about 13.6 billion years old. Like most other galaxies, Andromeda grew by multiple collisions with smaller protogalaxies and subsequent mergers with larger ones. The Milky Way is currently gobbling up at least one dwarf galaxy and also formed by mergers.

The trick to figuring out the merger history is, as any crime scene detective knows, buried in the details. Astronomers look at the chemical components of stars and figure out which are native to the galaxy and which are not. Stellar motions can reveal intruders. If the merger is particularly violent, streams of stars and gas and dust will form observable features.

Digging Into Andromeda’s Stars

Escala and her collaborators looked deep into Andromeda at a feature called the Northeast Shelf. They analyzed 556 red giant branch stars within it. “We performed the first detailed characterization of the chemical composition and geometric motion of the stars in this region of our neighboring galaxy, demonstrating conclusively that the NE shelf is a tidal shell predominately composed of debris from the aftermath of a collision,” Escala explained during a press conference at the American Astronomical Society Meeting in Pasadena, CA.

They also showed that this ledge is part of a multi-shell system, along with the galaxy’s west and southeast shelves. The material in these regions is consistent with that of Andromeda’s Giant Stellar Stream, created during the recent large collisions. It’s likely that all those tidal features could have come from the same source. “Our results are in line with modeling that predicted the Giant Stellar Stream is the first loop of material from a collision and the NE shelf is the second layer wrap-around,” Escala concluded. The wrap-around she mentions points toward multiple encounters during the collision/cannibalization event.

Gravitational interactions at the time shaped the streams. The analysis done by Escala and her team is an important step toward confirming predictions about this galaxy’s violent past. Collisions are an important part of that history. More evidence about these actions gives a deeper understanding of the many features left behind long after the merger ends.

For More Information

• Tracing The Remnants Of Andromeda’s Violent History

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

17-06-2022 om 18:52 geschreven door peter  

NASA discovers two rocky 'super-Earths' orbiting a nearby dwarf star that could provide vital clues in the search for alien life

• Astronomers have spotted two rocky 'super-Earths' orbiting a nearby dwarf star

• Is one of closest known multi-planet systems to Earth, about 33 light-years away

• The rocky worlds are likely not habitable because their orbits are relatively tight

• This exposes the planets to temperatures too high to sustain liquid surface water

By SAM TONKIN FOR MAILONLINE

The discovery of at least two rocky 'super-Earths' orbiting a nearby dwarf star could provide vital clues in the search for extra-terrestrials, astronomers say.

While the worlds are unlikely to be habitable for life as we know it, the star and its exoplanets are among the closest multi-world systems to Earth, at just 33 light-years away.

This makes the system an excellent target for further investigation, in part because it could contain more planets, including the potential for one in the habitable zone.  

'There are many multi-planet systems hosting five or six planets, especially around small stars like this one,' said astrophysicist Avi Shporer, of MIT's Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research.

'Hopefully we will find more, and one might be in the habitable zone. That's optimistic thinking.'

The discovery of at least two rocky 'super-Earths' (pictured in an artist's impression) orbiting a nearby dwarf star could provide vital clues in the search for extra-terrestrials, astronomers say

Even though the star HD 260655 is cooler and dimmer than our sun, the proximity of the planets to the red dwarf means the worlds would be way too hot for life. 

HD 260655b has an average temperature of 816 degrees Fahrenheit (435 degrees Celsius), while HD 260655c is milder but still a fiery 543 degrees Fahrenheit (284 degrees Celsius).

'We consider that range outside the habitable zone, too hot for liquid water to exist on the surface,' said astronomer Michelle Kunimoto, of MIT's Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research.

Nevertheless, scientists are excited about this system because the proximity and brightness of its star will give them a closer look at the properties of the planets and signs of any atmosphere they might hold. 

'Both planets in this system are each considered among the best targets for atmospheric study because of the brightness of their star,' said Kunimoto.

'Is there a volatile-rich atmosphere around these planets? And are there signs of water or carbon-based species? These planets are fantastic test beds for those explorations.' 

The new planetary system was initially identified by NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), an MIT-led mission that is designed to observe the nearest and brightest stars, and detect periodic dips in light that could signal a passing planet.

In October 2021, Kunimoto, a member of MIT's TESS science team, was monitoring the satellite's incoming data when she noticed a pair of periodic dips in starlight, or transits, from the star HD 260655.

She ran the detections through the mission's science inspection pipeline, and the signals were soon classified as two TESS Objects of Interest, or TOIs — objects that are flagged as potential planets. 

The process of classifying and subsequently confirming new planets can often take several years, but for HD 260655 that process was shortened significantly with the help of archival data.

The fully integrated Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), which launched in 2018 to find thousands of new planets orbiting other stars

Soon after Kunimoto identified the two potential planets around HD 260655, Shporer looked to see whether the star was observed previously by other telescopes. 

As luck would have it, HD 260655 was listed in a survey of stars taken by the High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer (HIRES), an instrument that operates as part of the Keck Observatory in Hawaii. 

HIRES had been monitoring the star, along with a host of other stars, since 1998, and the researchers were able to access the survey's publicly available data.

In the end, this collaborative effort quickly confirmed the presence of two planets around HD 260655 in about six months.

The team then looked more closely at TESS data to pin down properties of both planets, including their orbital period and size. 

They determined that the inner planet, dubbed HD 260655b, orbits the star every 2.8 days and is about 1.2 times as big as the Earth. 

The second outer planet, HD 260655c, orbits every 5.7 days and is 1.5 times as big as the Earth.

From the archival data, researchers were then able to calculate the planets' mass and density.

They found the inner planet is about twice as massive and slightly denser than Earth, while the outer planet is about three Earth masses but a bit less dense. Both planets, based on their density, are likely terrestrial, or rocky in composition, the astronomers said.

So far, more than 5,000 exoplanets have been confirmed in our Milky Way galaxy, with experts especially interested in finding terrestrial, or rocky, worlds like Earth, Venus, and Mars.

The researchers presented their findings at the 240th meeting of the American Astronomical Society.

In its first year of operation, it mapped the 13 sectors that make up the southern sky, and scoured the northern sectors the following year.

Since it was launched in 2018, TESS has found over 170 confirmed exoplanets, and has a catalogue of over 4,700 yet to be verified.

It has also discovered other strange phenomena including supernova and triple star systems since it was launched. 

Tess is 5 feet (1.5 meters) wide and is shorter than most adults.

The observatory is 4 feet across (1.2 meters), not counting the solar wings, which are folded for launch, and weighs just 800 pounds (362 kilograms). 

NASA says it's somewhere between the size of a refrigerator and a stacked washer and dryer.   

Read more:

• 240th AAS Meeting | American Astronomical Society

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

17-06-2022 om 18:37 geschreven door peter  

NASA confirms there are more than 5,000 planets beyond our solar system including several 'hot Jupiters', 'super-Earths' and 'mini-Neptunes'

• There are at least 5,005 planets outside our solar system, NASA has announced

• The milestone comes 30 years after the first exoplanets were found back in 1992

• The James Webb Telescope will lead efforts to map atmospheres of exoplanets 

By JONATHAN CHADWICK FOR MAILONLINE 

NASA has confirmed that there are more than 5,000 known planets outside our solar system, known as exoplanets. 

The US space agency has added another 65 exoplanets to the online NASA Exoplanet Archive, bringing the grand total to 5,005.

Exoplanets found so far include small, rocky worlds like Earth, gas giants many times larger than Jupiter, and 'hot Jupiters' in scorchingly close orbits around their stars. 

However, NASA stresses that 5,005 is only 'a tiny fraction' of all the planets in the Milky Way galaxy alone, which could number hundreds of billions. 

'It's not just a number,' said Jessie Christiansen, research scientist with the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute at Caltech in Pasadena, California.

'Each one of them is a new world, a brand-new planet. I get excited about every one because we don't know anything about them.'  

The majority of exoplanets are gaseous, like Jupiter or Neptune, rather than terrestrial, according to NASA's online database.  

The archive records exoplanet discoveries that appear in peer-reviewed, scientific papers that have been confirmed using multiple detection methods or by analytical techniques.   

Among the most recently confirmed  exoplanets are K2-377 b, a 'super Earth' with a mass of 3.51 Earths that takes 12.8 days to complete one orbit of its star.  

Another, called TOI-1064 b, is a 'potentially rocky world larger than Earth, according to NASA. 

Most exoplanets are found by measuring the dimming of a star that happens to have a planet pass in front of it, called the transit method. 

Another way to detect exoplanets, called the Doppler method, measures the 'wobbling' of stars due to the gravitational pull of orbiting planets. 

The more than 5,000 exoplanets confirmed in our galaxy so far include a variety of types - among them a mysterious variety known as 'super-Earths' because they are larger than our world and possibly rocky

NASA's milestone comes 30 years after the first exoplanets were discovered, back in 1992. 

In January that year, Aleksander Wolszczan and Dale Frail announced the discovery of two rocky planets orbiting PSR B1 257+12, a pulsar in the constellation Virgo. A further planet was discovered in the system in 1994.  

Finding just three planets around this spinning star essentially opened the floodgates for exoplanets, said Wolszczan, who still searches for exoplanets as a professor at Penn State.

'If you can find planets around a neutron star, planets have to be basically everywhere,' he told NASA. 'The planet production process has to be very robust.'     

Some of the exoplanets that have been discovered since, such as Kepler 16-b, orbit two stars at once, like the planet of Tatooine in 'Star Wars'. 

Around 200 light years away, Kepler-16b weighs about a third as much as Jupiter and has a radius three-fourths that of Jupiter, making it similar to Saturn in both size and mass. 

Another exoplanet called WASP-121b, around 850 light years from Earth, is an example of a 'hot Jupiter' – a Jupiter-like giant gas planet on a close orbit around its parent star. 

WASP-121b has one of the shortest orbits detected to date, circling its star in just 30 hours. 

It is tidally locked, meaning the same side always faces its star, while its colder 'night' side is turned forever toward space. 

Gliese 486b, meanwhile, is an example of a 'super Earth' – a planet larger than Earth but smaller than the four gas giants Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune and Uranus. 

Some exoplanets orbit two stars at once, like the planet of Tatooine in the 1977 film 'Star Wars' (pictured)

Artist's impression of exoplanet Kepler-16b, the most 'Tatooine-like' planet yet found in our galaxy. Kepler-16b is depicted as a small black circle circling two stars. The largest of the two stars, a K dwarf, is about 69 per cent the mass of our sun, and the smallest, a red dwarf, is about 20 per cent the sun's mass

Gliese 486b is the only planet so far detected orbiting the small star and has a radius 1.3 times larger than the Earth but is 2.8 times more massive.

The planet has an iron-silicate composition similar to the makeup of Earth but is much hotter, with a surface temperature of 802°F (428°C), according to a 2021 study.

GJ 367 b, meanwhile, is exposed to a huge amount of radiation, due to its small distance to its star – about 620,000 miles – which it orbits in just eight hours. 

With a diameter of 5,560 miles, GJ 367 b is slightly bigger than Mars (4,200 miles) but has the makeup of Mercury. 

NASA said its James Webb Space Telescope (depicted here in space) will capture light from atmospheres of exoplanets to read which gases are present to potentially identify tell-tale signs of habitable conditions

Scientists are still trying to learn more about what exactly exoplanets and their atmospheres are made up of. 

NASA said its James Webb Space Telescope will capture light from the atmospheres of exoplanets to read which gases are present to potentially identify tell-tale signs of habitable conditions. 

The $10 billion (£7.4 billion) observatory, which launched on Christmas Day, will explore the universe in the infrared spectrum, allowing it to gaze through clouds of gas and dust where stars are being born. 

Read more:

• List of exoplanets discovered in 2022 - Wikipedia

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

17-06-2022 om 18:19 geschreven door peter  

Two New Rocky Planets Discovered Close to the Solar System

TESS has struck paydirt again. NASA’s planet-hunting spacecraft has found two new super-Earths orbiting a star only 33 light-years away. These are two of the closest rocky planets ever found.

The star’s name is HD 260655. It’s a bright M dwarf star, sometimes called a red dwarf. Both planets are rocky super-Earths, and though the word “Earth” is suggestive, neither world is likely to support life due to their extremely high temperatures. But scientists still think they’re worthy of further observations.

A new paper titled “The HD 260655 system: Two rocky worlds transiting a bright M dwarf at 10 PC” announced the discovery. The lead author is Rafael Luque of the Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia, Spain, and the University of Chicago. The journal Astronomy and Astrophysics will publish the paper, but it’s currently available online at the pre-press site arxiv.org.

HD 260655b is closest to the star with an orbital period of 2.7 days. Its radius is 1.2 Earth radii, and its mass is 2.14 Earth masses.

HD 260655c has an orbital period of 5.7 days. Its radius is 1.5 Earth radii, and its mass is 3.09 Earth masses.

Their temperatures are almost certainly too high to support any life. Planet b’s temperature is approximately 435 Celsius (816 Fahrenheit), and planet c’s temperature is about 284 Celsius (543 Fahrenheit.) Those temperature estimates are dependent on any atmospheres the planets may have.

Their potential atmospheres are part of what makes these planets interesting.

When the James Webb Space Telescope begins science operations (soon, people, soon), it’ll have the capability to examine the atmospheres of exoplanets like these. The results will show us how different rocky planets can be from each other and will provide clues to how rocky planets form.

The opportunity to study two rocky planets in the same system is too good to pass up.

“Multiplanetary systems offer a unique opportunity for characterization via comparative planetology, as
they have formed within the same protoplanetary disk,” the authors write. And since the host star is so small, only about 0.4 solar masses, the super-Earths exhibit more influence on it. This makes measuring the planets’ masses and densities easier.

The star is a red dwarf, and it’s much dimmer than a star like our Sun. But for its type, HD 260655 is pretty bright. “It is among the brightest early-type M dwarfs in the sky, with an apparent magnitude in the J band of 6.7 mag.,” the authors write. The J-band is in the near-infrared, part of the electromagnetic spectrum that James Webb is designed to observe.

And at only 33 light-years away, the JWST easily has the power to examine the planets’ atmospheres spectroscopically. The telescope’s Near-Infrared spectrograph (NIRSpec) can perform three types of spectroscopic observations in the NIR. It can obtain the spectra of over 100 targets simultaneously in one of its modes. Combined with its other instruments and modes, no exoplanet atmosphere will be safe. Certainly none at this distance anyway.

But decisions on which planets are suitable for atmospheric characterization by the JWST come down to specific metrics. The authors computed two values for these rocky exoplanets and compared them to their peers in NASA’s Exoplanet Archive. The values are the Transmission Spectroscopy Metric (TSM) and Emission Spectroscopy Metric (ESM.) Both planets are in the top quartile of desirable targets for JWST spectroscopy. HD 260655 b is among the top 10 terrestrial planets for atmospheric characterization. (Note that in this metric, the inner planet (HD 260655 b) is considered a terrestrial planet and the outer planet (HD 260655 c) is regarded as a super-Earth/sub-Neptune.)

For these reasons, the team behind this discovery says that the pair of super-Earths are among the top 10 terrestrial exoplanet candidates for atmospheric characterization. There’s no certainty that the planets have atmospheres, but there’s some reason to believe they do. Because even though they were discovered with TESS, which detects exoplanet transits, the team used data from other ground-based facilities to learn as much as possible.

The team measured the wobble exhibited by the star as the orbiting planets tugged on it. Those measurements reveal the planets’ masses. By combining their masses with their sizes, the researchers found their densities. That led to the conclusion that they’re rocky planets. It also means that if the planets do have atmospheres, they’re likely not extended hydrogen atmospheres.

The team surmised that the inner planet, HD 260655 b, has a bulk density composition in perfect agreement with Earth’s. But planet c is different. “HD 260655 c is more consistent with an internal composition void of iron and fully made of silicates if it is assumed to be free of volatiles,” the paper states. The team says that the density difference between the planets is either due to different concentrations of volatiles or to observational uncertainties.

Another interesting fact about these planets concerns what exoplanet scientists call the small planet radius gap. It’s an “… observed scarcity of planets with radii between 1.5 and 2 times Earth’s radius,” as Wikipedia defines it. Scientists think that the gap could be due to photoevaporation. Different researchers have defined the gap differently in terms of planet radii, but both planets in the system are less than 1.5 Earth radii. This suggests that both worlds have lost their atmospheres, which is expected for planets this close to their stars.

This paper shows that planet c’s atmosphere, if it had one, was likely a Hydrogen/Helium atmosphere that was stripped away. But if they’re wrong about the composition, and it’s more like Earth’s, then it may have held on to a water-dominated atmosphere.

Planet b is different. Since it’s so much closer to its star, it’s unlikely to have much of an atmosphere. In both cases, if the planets have atmospheres, they’re highly unlikely to have extended hydrogen atmospheres.

These planets are not targets in the search for life. They’re too hot. But they’re scientifically desirable targets in other ways. “The HD 260655 system presents a unique opportunity for comparative planetology studies of rocky worlds,” the authors write. As pointed out earlier, they’re both prime targets for follow-up spectroscopy with the JWST. “These follow-up observations will improve our knowledge about the formation and evolution history of the system,” the authors write. Those observations could “… open a new observational avenue to study the magnetic fields of low-mass stars and their imprint in planetary systems.”

Evidence from HARPS (High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher) shows that 40% of red dwarfs host Earth-like planets in their habitable zones. The problem is that red dwarfs can flare violently, rendering their habitable zone uninhabitable, or so we think. But we just don’t have a complete picture.

So while these two planets are far too hot for surface water and life, astronomers can use them to learn more about all those other planets orbiting all those other red dwarfs.

More:

• Press Release: Discovery Alert: Two New, Rocky Planets in the Solar Neighborhood
• New Paper: The HD 260655 system: Two rocky worlds transiting a bright M dwarf at 10 pc
• Universe Today: Bad News. Planets Orbiting Red Dwarfs Might not have the Raw Materials for Life.

The post Two New Rocky Planets Discovered Close to the Solar System appeared first on Universe Today.

Source: 

• https://www.universetoday.com/156326/two-new-rocky-planets-discovered-close-to-the-solar-system/

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

17-06-2022 om 17:58 geschreven door peter  

We live in a world of deceptive narratives coming from the very sources we were once taught to trust. One of those narratives deals with UFOs. 

Something completely left out of our public discussion of the UFO phenomenon are those objects consistently seen in Earth's bodies of water. 

These UFOs/USOs flying into and out of the oceans, unknown craft that are able to travel underwater, so it’s quite possible that there are some UFO/USO (whether of extraterrestrial origin or military) bases hidden deep within the oceans. 

Another remarkable detail, most of these underwater bases are located off coast and connected via tunnels with a base on land which indicates that such secret underwater bases are built by governments or certain organizations who are working together with extraterrestrials. 

Unidentified Submersible Objects (USOs) have been with us for as long as airborne UFOs have. We need to recognize and understand this. 

What better place to have an impenetrable base than deep within the oceans of the planet.

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

17-06-2022 om 17:34 geschreven door peter  

UFO Crash Lands in Russian Mountains

Ancient Astronaut Theorists believe aliens might’ve crashed landed in Russia based on mind boggling evidence, in this clip from Season 15, “The Relics of Roswell.”

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

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17-06-2022 om 16:09 geschreven door peter  

Astronomers Caught Betelgeuse Just Before it Started Dimming and Might Have Seen a Pressure Wave Rippling Through its Atmosphere

A couple of years ago, Betelgeuse generated much interest when it started dimming. That caught the attention of astronomers worldwide, who tried to understand what was happening. Was it about to go supernova?

Evidence showed that dust was the most likely culprit for the red supergiant’s dimming, though there are still questions. A new study shows that the star was behaving strangely just before the dimming.

The optical dimming that Betelgeuse—or Alpha Orionis—exhibited in late 2019 and early 2020 was unprecedented. Betelgeuse often undergoes periodic optical dimming, which happens in timescales of ~300-500 days and ~2000 days. But the Great Dimming, as it came to be known—when the star dimmed to about two-thirds of its normal brightness— was the faintest that the star had become in almost 200 years of observations.

Researchers got to work generating possible explanations for the dimming. Some hypothesized that dust caused the dimming, others hypothesized that a reduction in photosphere temperature caused it, and some thought both played a role.

Astronomers continued studying it, and evidence showed that temperature decrease alone couldn’t be the culprit. Episodic mass loss was proposed as the cause, paired with a rise in large grain dust in the line of sight. Others argued that large inhomogeneities in the photosphere caused the dimming. Another suggested a critical shift in Betelgeuse’s pulsation dynamics caused the Great Dimming. If feedback from UT readers is any indication, there’s still confusion around the cause of the dimming event.

But there were really two dimming events, and that’s helped create some of the confusion. The scientific community has settled on dust as the cause of the first dimming. “We know the first dimming event involved a dust cloud,” said Dr. Meridith Joyce from The Australian National University in 2020.

According to Dr. Joyce, the second dimming event had a different cause: “We found the second smaller event was likely due to the pulsations of the star.”

Now a new paper presents observations of Betelgeuse just before the Great Dimming. Its title is “SPATIALLY RESOLVED OBSERVATIONS OF BETELGEUSE AT ?7 MM AND ?1.3 CM JUST PRIOR TO THE
GREAT DIMMING.” The Astrophysical Journal will publish it, but for now, it’s available on the pre-press site arxiv.org. The authors are Dr. Lynn D. Matthews of MIT’s Haystack Observatory and Andrea Dupree from the Harvard and Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. The paper is based on observations of Betelgeuse with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array.

“Our measurements suggest recent changes in the temperature and density structure of the
atmosphere,” the authors write. The star’s photosphere “… is ~20% dimmer than in previously published
observing epochs between 1996–2004.” This is … lower than previously reported temperatures at comparable radii and >1200 K lower than predicted by previous semi-empirical models of the atmosphere.”

The researchers also found that the measured brightness temperature was cooler than expected and that there were “… no obvious signatures of giant convective cells or other surface features.” The star’s brightness profile was also more complex than a uniform elliptical disk (A uniform elliptical disk is a tool astrophysicists use to characterize the mean properties of a star.) Their observations were from about six weeks before ultraviolet measurements found increases in electron density in Betelgeuse’s southern hemisphere, coupled with a large-scale outflow.

So what does all that mean?

“We discuss possible scenarios linking these events with the observed radio properties of the star, including the passage of a strong shock wave.”

Researchers in the astrophysical community have postulated that a shock wave could’ve caused the Great Dimming. A 2021 paper found that Betelgeuse’s photosphere experienced successive shock waves in February 2018 and January 2019, with the initial shock amplifying the second one. Other research showed that a shock wave passed through the southwestern portion of Betelgeuse’s chromosphere between 2019 September and November. Since the photosphere is under the chromosphere, it’s reasonable to think that the two shock waves are related.

The researchers say they can’t conclude that their observations are directly responsible for the Great Dimming, even though their data suggests “… recent changes in the density and/or temperature structure of the atmosphere…” But a large-amplitude shock or pressure wave passing through Betelgeuse’s atmosphere could cause changes in density and temperature.

The authors are cautious and inconclusive, but they do point out that the pressure wave they observed could’ve caused Betelgeuse’s Great Dimming. “Such an event may be linked to a largescale mass ejection from the star that has been postulated as an explanation for the steep decline in optical magnitude associated with the Great Dimming.”

There’s no question that Betelgeuse will explode as a Type IIP supernova, likely in the next 100,000 years or so. It’s the 10th brightest star in the night sky and is giving astronomers an opportunity to study intensely the behaviour of a star as it approaches its cataclysmic end.

This study won’t be the final word on Betelgeuse and its dynamic behaviour. The star is still up there, anchoring the Orion the Hunter’s right shoulder. Generations and generations of astronomers are bound to keep watching it.

If humanity lasts long enough, our distant descendants will get to watch it explode.

More:

• New Research: SPATIALLY RESOLVED OBSERVATIONS OF BETELGEUSE AT ?7 MM AND ?1.3 CM JUST PRIOR TO THE GREAT DIMMING
• Previous Research: Great Dimming of Betelgeuse explained
• Universe Today: A New Study Says That Betelgeuse Won’t Be Exploding Any Time Soon

The post Astronomers Caught Betelgeuse Just Before it Started Dimming and Might Have Seen a Pressure Wave Rippling Through its Atmosphere appeared first on Universe Today.

Source: 

• https://www.universetoday.com/156266/astronomers-caught-betelgeuse-just-before-it-started-dimming-and-might-have-seen-a-pressure-wave-rippling-through-its-atmosphere/

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

16-06-2022 om 23:53 geschreven door peter  

Dome Found on Moons Near Face, NASA Source! HD, Video, UFO Sighting News.

http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/frame/?AS17-P-

1928 http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/frame/?AS17-P-1923

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

16-06-2022 om 23:16 geschreven door peter  

According to Dailymail, China has claimed that it may have received a message from an alien civilization using its Sky Eye telescope, according to reports. 

Sky Eye, a 1,640-foot-diameter telescope based in China's Guizhou province, has detected unusual electromagnetic signals that scientists claim could have alien origins. 

Professor Zhang Tongjie, chief scientist of the China Extraterrestrial Civilization Research Group of the Department of Astronomy and Extraterrestrial Civilization Research Group of Beijing Normal University, revealed that his team used the "Chinese Sky Eye" to discover several cases of possible technological traces and extraterrestrial civilizations from outside the earth. 

Zhang Tongjie said that these are several narrow-band electromagnetic signals different from the past, and the team is currently working on further investigation. 

The news was revealed in a report by Science and Technology Daily, the official newspaper of China's Ministry of Science and Technology, based in Beijing, but according to Bloomberg, Science and Technology Daily deleted the report shortly after it was posted, although it's uncertain why.

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16-06-2022 om 23:06 geschreven door peter  

“It Was Definitely A UFO That Shut Down Our Missiles”

Nick Pope investigates the story of nuclear missiles shutting down unexpectedly at the same time UFOs appear above an Air Force base.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

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16-06-2022 om 22:45 geschreven door peter  

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

UFO SIGHTING (Triangular Shaped UFO Over Grand Prairie Texas!)

WITNESS DESCRIPTION

I’m not sure where to begin. But at approximately 8:28 PM June 4 I walked off the porch after talking to my mom and looked up into the sky for some reason and saw this massivecraft just hovering motionlessly with no sound probably 5 miles northeast of me and at an elevation of definitely 20-30,000 feet at least. Like what.
I immediately yelled to my mother sitting 10 feet away to come stand exactly where I am on our sidewalk underneath the tree and look up at what I’m seeing over our and the tree in the backyard.
At 8:29 PM I pulled out my iPhone and began recording and documenting everything I saw. I captured the object on film for 49 seconds. Me and my mom observed this thing for approximately three minutes before it disappeared when an airliner breached the horizon/ the airspace. One of my questions about tonight is how long was it there for before I noticed it?
So I will describe what I saw the best I can. It was definitely triangular in shape. It had texture and depth to it like edges and geometric angles but triangular from what I could see in elevation and distance. It was a dull black gray but there were variations between where the gray and the black were that made me feel like it had dimensional depth to its structure.
It had no operational lighting like aircraft have. Me and my mother both observed that it had what appeared to be some kind red light that would blink on and off and shade in intensity randomly for no reason. I don’t feel this had anything to do with the propulsion system. It was just a random red light on the right hand side of the craft kind of in the middle but towards the back.
As we observed it hovering for three minutes it made no sounds. And in that three minutes we saw no air travel which is strange on a Saturday considering I live 10 miles away from an international airport in Dallas Fort Worth. And there’s also love field to the east of me. So it hovered for three minutes undisturbed in commercial airspace and made no sound. It moved once and drifted upwards to the right about half an inch from my perspective. It made no sound. I saw no exhaust. But me and my mother both noticed that it had this white ring or aura around it. Like it was circulating around the craft like a halo. I don’t believe it was a reflection of light. I believe the craft is generating it. I’ve never seen anything like it in my life.
As stated above after about three minutes we’re both sitting there looking at it and talking completely in awe, an airplane we can hear approaching comes up over our house/vantage point and then this object goes from sitting absolutely still and accelerates faster than any aircraft taking off from a runway, in the sky from a dead stop. This defies physics as I know them. Objects do not behave like that in space or on on earth.
And when it departed it didn’t just zip away, it looks like it accelerated out into the distance and fell but almost curved. As I filled this out I saw something that described it like a falling leaf. But it was not headed towards the ground it went away but around if that makes sense. Considering its velocity from a dead stop it was covering massive distances to the naked eye.
Whatever this craft was it was massive. Considering where I was standing and it’s distance from me, as well as elevation, this thing on film appeared small but it was big considering how far away it was in elevation. My mom thought it was a drone and I’m like that’s not a drone I fly those. For that thing to have been a drone it would’ve had to been the size of my house to be that visible in the sky from a couple miles away. I mean this thing had to have been 100 feet or more. Definitely more. I don’t know it was crazy big. And it was triangular in shape. But looking at it with that white circular halo it almost looked like it shifted shapes kinda as we watched. Like blurred morphing edges and energy. And when I go back and look at the video and Screenshots it does change shape.
I’m not sure what else to say I’m still kind of in shock because this thing defies all modern physics that I know of. When I immediately saw the object I tried to rationalize it and explain it but I couldn’t.

Highly Reflective UFOs Over Henderson Colorado.

Extremely reflective UFOs witnessed and REC over Henderson Colorado.
Video source MUFON Case # 122475

UFO Witnessed And REC By Three Different People Miles Apart In the State Of Missouri

Cylinder or Cigar shaped UFO witnessed and recorded by three different people miles apart in the state of Missouri

UFO Captured On Camera Traveling At Hype Speed During Slow Motion Video. May 13, 2022

This footage was captured at Moore Park Beach, A coastal rural town in Queensland, Australia on May 13, 2022. This object was sighted when the witness was filming the rain in "Slow Motion" mode on his phone and giving that this UFO was traveling super fast on slow mode just imagine how this object would have been moving at normal speed, It would have been unseen to the eye. What could this object be? Well, judging from the distance this would have to be a fairly large object as it flying behide the trees not in front and the speed and movement was incredible.

Thanks to Lainey Ferrari for allowing me the use of his footage and to view the original: https://www.facebook.com/1534076576/v...

Cigar Shaped UFO Seen On The TV Show Catfish & Cylindrical Object Sighted Over Massachusetts

Clip one comes from the MTV show Catfish and this black cylindrical shaped UFO was spotted in an insert of season 8, episode 49. This is timelapped footage but i felt that we should take a look at it as it doesn't seem to be a blimp or balloon and i wonder if the people at Catfish spotted this?

To view the original clip: This was in season 8, episode 49 at the 21:08 mark. Thanks to MTV & The guys at Catfish.

Thanks to Victor Escobedo for spotting this... Clip two was sighted over Norwood in Massachusetts on May 20, 2022 and the witness stated the following " I recorded it during my lunch break last Friday and the clouds weren’t anything special at all when I recorded this actually. I’m that weirdo who is just always randomly filming the sky no matter how uninteresting it may look. Lol. But yesterday I kept getting weather alerts and was so badly hoping for something exciting to happen but the storms didn’t hit where I was. There was a tornado warning for somewhere in Maine all day yesterday, thought that was interesting. I took this video of the clouds then messed w/ the exposure. I don’t know how to circle the spot I’m trying to show you on a video… but it’s on the right hand side of the screen, down by where the tree is, in between two branches."

Thanks to Jillian for allowing me the use of her footage and to view the original: https://www.reddit.com/r/UAP/comments...

{,https://www.youtube.com/ }

15-06-2022 om 22:48 geschreven door peter  

Fast daytime UFO filmed over San Francisco, CA 13-Jun-2022

This interesting UFO footage was filmed over San Francisco in California on 13th June 2022.

What do you think about it?

{  https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

15-06-2022 om 21:49 geschreven door peter  

China announces via state media that it may have detected signals from an ALIEN CIVILISATION – before mysteriously deleting the report

• China detected unusual signals using its Sky Eye telescope in Guizhou province

• The news was announced then deleted by China's state-backed science website 

• Sky Eye launched back in September 2020 to search for extraterrestrial signals 

By JONATHAN CHADWICK FOR MAILONLINE 

China has claimed that it may have received a message from an alien civilisation using its $180 million Sky Eye telescope, according to reports. 

Sky Eye, a 1,640-foot-diameter telescope based in China's Guizhou province, has detected unusual electromagnetic signals that scientists claim could have alien origins.

The news was revealed in a report by Science and Technology Daily, the official newspaper of China's Ministry of Science and Technology, based in Beijing. 

But according to Bloomberg, Science and Technology Daily deleted the report shortly after it was posted, although it's uncertain why. 

China claims to have received a message from an alien civilisation, mysterious radio signals suggest (file photo)

Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, also known as FAST or Sky Eye, is based in a natural basin in Guizhou

'Sky Eye telescope may have picked up signs of life beyond Earth, according to a report by the state-backed Science and Technology Daily, which then appeared to have deleted the report and posts about the discovery,' Bloomberg says.

'The news had already started trending on social network Weibo and was picked up by other media outlets, including state-run ones.' 

The Science and Technology Daily report cited Zhang Tonjie, chief scientist of an extraterrestrial civilization search team co-founded by Beijing Normal University, the National Astronomical Observatory of China and the University of California, Berkeley. 

The team detected two sets of suspicious signals in 2020 while processing data collected in 2019, and found another suspicious signal in 2022 while observing exoplanets – planets outside our solar system.  

Zhang said the suspicious signals could also be some kind of radio interference, so further investigation is required. 

MailOnline has contacted the National Astronomical Observatory of China for comment. 

Currently, no life beyond Earth has ever been found, but this does not mean that the universe is lifeless other than on Earth, according to NASA. 

The US space agency says: 'While no clear signs of life have ever been detected, the possibility of extraterrestrial biology – the scientific logic that supports it – has grown increasingly plausible.'

Due to its size, Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, also known as FAST or Sky Eye, has one of the best chances of discovering alien life. 

It was launched in September 2020 specifically to search interstellar communication signals that suggest alien life and potentially habitable exoplanets. 

As its official name suggests, FAST has a diameter of 500 meters (1,640 feet), making it the world’s largest full dish radio telescope. 

The dish-like telescope, as large as 30 football fields, costed 1.2 billion yuan (about $180 million)

Engineers work at the control centre for the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) on February 3, 2021 in Pingtang County, Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province of China

It's able to scan twice the sky area covered by the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico, the previous record holder for the largest single-aperture radio telescope in the world. 

FAST can deliver readings between three and five times more sensitive than those from Arecibo Observatory, which is why scientists have been hopeful the telescope could lead to a breakthrough in the search for alien life. 

A 65-person village was destroyed before construction of FAST began, and more than 9,000 people in the surrounding countryside were forced to relocate to create a three-mile radius around the telescope without any electromagnetic interference.

According to government officials, each person was given the equivalent of $1,800 in compensation for the relocation. 

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

15-06-2022 om 00:00 geschreven door peter  

Disk Falls, Stops, Spits Out Smaller Object, Lake Elsinore, California June 8, 2022, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: June 8, 2022

Location of sighting: Lake Elsinore, California, USA

Source: Email

 

Guys, check this out. This eyewitness was recording the sky as some objects were both falling and rising in different locations. First we notices inside the red circle...an object is falling, stops, then spits out another object, which then turns and heads straight to the ground below. The object that stops, is a visible dark disk for about 3 seconds before it creates a cloud cloak all around it. UFOs do make clouds as I have said on many occasions. This is clearly a UFO dropping of people and supplies and awaiting return of similar items over an alien base. The base may only be a few hundred people or it could be a larger base of tens of thousands. One thing is undeniable...there is an alien base 4-6km below Lake Elsinore.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

 

Email states: 

I usually take time lapse videos of the sunrise in the mornings over Lake Elsinore California . I usually take the video from my second story window. On this morning I recorded what looked like something dropping out of the sky and turning into a cloud then another what appeared to be a UFO appears above that cloud, then that cloud shoots what looks like a cloud covering the UFO or cloaking it with the cloud substance! Whatever dropped those two unidentified objects went through the clouds and continued toward the Earth too! Unfortunately to be able to see it clearly you will have to zoom in to see what I am talking about. I circled where in the video that I'm talking about and where the UFO will be found. At least this is what I think is a UFO being cloaked by a cloud!

{https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

14-06-2022 om 23:53 geschreven door peter  

Alien Ship Near Earths Orbit In Old NASA Photos, June 14, 2022, UFO Sighting News

Location of sighting: Earths orbit

Apollo 10 date: May 18-24, 1969

Photo source: 

• https://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/DatabaseImages/ISD/highres/AS10/AS10-35-5264.JPG

 Here is an amazing capture during Apollo 10 mission. In the NASA archives there is this great photo of an alien craft in Earths orbit. The craft has a raised center dome in the craft, and the front 80% is a disk, while the back 20% is flat, which indicates it the back of the ship, compounded by the fact that the thin rounded side is facing the Earth, I have easily determined which is the front and which is the back side of this craft. Its hard to believe that such obvious evidence is right in front of us in NASA photos, in easy reach of the public, and yet, 99.9% of the Earths population will never see any of this evidence.  This NASA photo is 100% evidence that earth is being visited by alien from another world. 

Scott C. Waring

 

{https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

14-06-2022 om 23:37 geschreven door peter  

Alien Outpost On Ceres Discovered In Latest NASA Photo, Photos, UFO Sighting News.

Date of discovery: June 14, 2022

Location of discovery: Dwarf Planet Ceres

NASA URL:

• https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/jpeg/PIA21912.jpg

 

This is a photo of Ceres, given to the public on the NASA. There is a very tall building and thin structure that looks like a great wall. The shadow really gives away its incredible hight. Built next to a small crater, this structure may have once been an alien outpost on this dwarf planet. 

 

This is the same planet with the glowing white structures, click here to see them in high detail. 

Scott C. Waring

 

{https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

14-06-2022 om 23:31 geschreven door peter  

During a recent interview, Jeremy Corbell talks about UFO secrecy. Understand that throughout modern UFO history the highest number of close encounters with true UFO/UAP have been in relation to our military operations globally. With an increased frequency. 

Our service members have been silenced. Silenced not only by a necessary strategic defense methodology - but also by unintentional mechanisms of bureaucracy. The bottleneck is real when it comes to UFO reporting in our government. 

But is it possible that now with the US congress UFO hearing, the Pentagon UFO report, the uptick of daily UFO reports from the mainstream media including the many interviews with well known UFO researchers, we come to the point that a path has been forged towards discovery and UFO transparency? 

Discovery and UFO transparency? 

Taking into account that the US has been conducting intensive research into the UFO/extraterrestrial phenomenon since 1947 through various projects with overwhelming evidence that craft of extraterrestrial origin and aliens of extraterrestrial origin are real, which till now they keep it secret for the public, so a path has been forged towards discovery and UFO transparency? It is not going to happen! 

I recommend you to read a recent article including official documents and images from Linda Moulton Howe, titled: 

• “Project Aquarius” – TOP SECRET MJ12 ORCON – Funded by CIA to Study UFO/IAC Sightings and Contacts with Alien Life Forms

Below a small summary from Linda's article which proves that the US has already obtained a lot of information that Extraterrestrial UFOs and Aliens are real. 

In 1947, an aircraft of extraterrestrial origin crashed in the desert of New Mexico. One alien of extraterrestrial origin survived the crash. 

Established in 1947: Air Force initiated created a program to investigate incidents involving UFOs. The program was operated under three different code names: GRUDGE, SIGN and finally BLUE BOOK. 

In 1949, another alien aircraft crashed in the United States and was recovered partially intact by the military. 

Established in 1949: Project BANDO Project to collect and evaluate medical information from the surviving aliens creature and the recovered alien bodies. 

Established in 1953: Project GLEEM, A reporting system for UFO sightings and incidents 

Established in 1954: Project SIGMA: Originally established as part of Project Gleem in 1954. Became a separate project in 1976. Its mission was to establish communication with aliens. 

In 1958, the United States recovered a third Alien aircraft from the desert of Utah. 

Established in 1966: Project AQUARIUS Project AQUARIUS replaced the 1953, Project GLEEM Reports collected under Project Aquarius were considered actual sightings, of alien aircrafts or contacts with alien life forms. Most reports were made by reliable military and defense department civilian personnel. 

Established in 1968: Project POUNCE: Evaluation of all UFO/IAC information pertaining to space technology. PROJECT POUNCE continues. 

Established In 1972: Project SNOWBIRD. Its mission was to test fly a recovered Alien aircraft.

  

14-06-2022 om 23:00 geschreven door peter  

Two UFO sighting within ten minutes over Kansas City YESTERDAY

Strange UFO activity in the sky above Kansas City in Missouri. This happened on 13th June 2022.

Witness report: 

The ufo mad a laugh humming g mix with buzzing sound, flew very low and was extremely large. The ufo was also followed by Blackhawk military helicopter which makes me believe it could be man made, and after the incident we had two flyover by military

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

14-06-2022 om 22:11 geschreven door peter  

Ruimtetelescoop Gaia toont meest gedetailleerde kaart van onze Melkweg tot nu toe

Het Europees Ruimteagentschap ESA onthult vandaag de nieuwe onderzoeksresultaten van haar Gaia-missie. Het doel van deze ruimtetelescoop is om de meest nauwkeurige en complete kaart te maken van onze Melkweg. Heel wat nieuwe gegevens zijn hier nu aan toegevoegd en dat zorgt voor nieuwe fascinerende inzichten in het sterrenstelsel waarin wij leven. Van vreemde ‘sterbevingen’ tot het DNA van de Melkweg. 

Martijn Peters  

Al sinds 2014 brengt de Gaia-satelliet de hemel in kaart. Hiermee tracht ESA om beter te begrijpen hoe ons eigen sterrenstelsel in elkaar zit en hoe miljarden jaren van evolutie dit teweeg hebben gebracht. Al deze informatie gebruiken de wetenschappers om de meest nauwkeurige en complete multidimensionale kaart van de Melkweg mee samen te stellen.

De verzameling van gegevens, dataset nummer 3, die het ruimtevaartagentschap vandaag vrijgaf bevat nieuwe en verbeterde informatie over bijna 2 miljard sterren. Onder andere over hun chemische samenstelling, temperatuur, kleur, massa, leeftijd ... Maar evengoed over met welke snelheid zo’n 33 miljoen sterren naar ons toe of van ons weg bewegen. Wetenschappers ontdekten heel wat van deze nieuwe gegevens door het sterrenlicht op te splitsen zoals de kleuren in een regenboog. In 2016 en 2018 werden de vorige twee datasets vrijgegeven met daarin vooral informatie over de posities, afstanden, bewegingen langs de hemel, en kleuren van sterren. Maar Gaia keek niet enkel naar de sterren die rondzweven in ons eigen sterrenstelsel. De ruimtetelescoop levert ook de grootste catalogus tot nu toe van dubbelsterren (2 sterren die om elkaar heen bewegen), duizenden planetoïden en planeetmanen, en object ver buiten onze Melkweg waaronder miljoenen andere sterrenstelsel. 

Niet enkel onze aarde beeft, ook sterren

Eén van de meest verrassende ontdekkingen van Gaia is dat het observatorium in staat is om sterbevingen te detecteren. Want oorspronkelijk was Gaia hier niet voor gebouwd. Die sterbevingen zijn minuscule bewegingen aan het oppervlak van een ster die wat weg hebben van tsunami’s en de vorm van een ster veranderen. Hierdoor zijn ze moeilijker waar te nemen. Gaia vond sterke sterbevingen bij duizenden sterren, ook bij de sterren die er maar zelden één hadden. 

“Sterbevingen leren ons veel over sterren, met name over wat er binnenin allemaal gebeurt. Gaia opent een goudmijn voor de ‘asteroseismologie’ van massieve sterren,” zegt Conny Aerts van de KU Leuven in België, die deel uitmaakt van de Gaia Collaboration. Eerder ontdekte Gaia trouwens al dat sterren wel eens zwellen en krimpen, maar daarbij hun vorm blijven behouden. 

DNA liegt niet: ons melkwegstelsel is een prachtige smeltkroes van sterren

Waar sterren van gemaakt zijn leert ons iets over hun ontstaansplek en hun reis daarna, en dus over de geschiedenis van de Melkweg. De chemische samenstelling van een ster is een beetje zijn DNA. Het geeft wetenschappers cruciale informatie over de oorsprong ervan. 

Zo bevatten sommige sterren bijvoorbeeld meer “zware metalen” dan andere. Tijdens de oerknal werden alleen lichte elementen gevormd (waterstof en helium). Alle andere zwaardere elementen – door astronomen metalen genoemd – vormen zich binnenin de sterren. Sterft een ster, dan komen deze metalen vrij en belanden ze in al het gas en stof tussen de sterren waaruit nieuwe sterren ontstaan. Veel geboortes en overlijdens van sterren zorgt dus voor een omgeving rijk aan metalen. 

Dankzij Gaia weten we dat sommige sterren in ons sterrenstelsel zijn gemaakt van oermaterie (waterstof en helium), terwijl andere, zoals onze zon, gemaakt zijn van materie die is verrijkt door voorgaande generaties sterren. Hoe dichter bij het centrum en het vlak van onze Melkweg, hoe rijker de ster aan metalen. Meer nog, Gaia heeft op basis van hun chemische samenstelling ook sterren ontdekt die oorspronkelijk uit een ander sterrenstelsel kwamen.

“Ons melkwegstelsel is een prachtige smeltkroes van sterren,” zegt Alejandra Recio-Blanco van het Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur in Frankrijk. “Deze diversiteit is uiterst belangrijk, want ze vertelt ons het verhaal van de vorming van ons melkwegstelsel. Het laat ook duidelijk zien dat onze zon, en wij, allemaal deel uitmaken van een steeds veranderend systeem.” Gaia lever hiervoor het bewijs met de grootste chemische kaart van ons sterrenstelsel tot kleinere sterrenstelsels om ons heen.

Gaia is nog zoveel meer dan een kaart vol sterren

Naast het vastleggen van het DNA en de bevingen van sterren heeft Gaia nog meer gezien tijdens haar speurtocht door onze hemel. Er zijn ook een nieuwe catalogi met meer dan 800.000 dubbelsterren en 156.000 planetoïden in ons zonnestelsel. Gaia levert ook informatie over 10 miljoen veranderlijke sterren, mysterieuze objecten tussen sterren, en over quasars en sterrenstelsels buiten onze eigen kosmische omgeving.

Deze afbeelding toont de banen van de meer dan 150.000 asteroïden in Gaia's derde dataset. Van de binnenste delen van het zonnestelsel tot de Trojaanse asteroïden op afstand van Jupiter, met verschillende kleurcodes. De gele cirkel in het midden stelt de zon voor. Blauw vertegenwoordigt het binnenste deel van het zonnestelsel, waar de nabije aarde-asteroïden, Mars-kruisers en terrestrische planeten zijn. De hoofdgordel, tussen Mars en Jupter, is groen. Jupiter-trojans zijn rood. 

© ESA/Gaia/DPAC; CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO

“In tegenstelling tot andere missies die specifieke objecten bestuderen, is Gaia een ‘survey-missie’. Dat betekent dat Gaia, terwijl ze de hele hemel met miljarden sterren meerdere malen afspeurt, onvermijdelijk ontdekkingen zal doen die andere, meer specifieke missies zouden missen. Dit is een van de sterke punten, en we kunnen niet wachten tot de astronomische gemeenschap in onze nieuwe gegevens duikt en nog meer over ons sterrenstelsel en zijn omgeving te weten komt dan we ons hadden kunnen voorstellen,” zegt Timo Prusti, wetenschappelijke projectmedewerker voor Gaia bij ESA. 

We kunnen niet wachten tot de astronomi­sche gemeen­schap in onze nieuwe gegevens duikt en nog meer over ons sterren­stel­sel en zijn omgeving te weten komt dan we ons hadden kunnen voorstel­len.

Timo Prusti, ESA

Belgische bijdrage

Ook heel wat Belgische wetenschappers hielpen trouwens mee aan dit onderzoek. Hun gespecialiseerde expertise speelde een belangrijke rol bij het analyseren van de enorme hoeveelheid aan gegevens. Astronomen van de KU Leuven, de Koninklijke Sterrenwacht van België, de Université libre de Bruxelles, de Universiteit Antwerpen en de Université de Liège hebben allemaal aan dit werk bijgedragen. 

Met de waarnemingen van de Gaia-telescoop, heeft de Koninklijke Sterrenwacht van België (KSB) nauwkeurige banen kunnen berekenen voor zo’n 150.000 asteroïden in onze Melkweg. Op basis van die banen kan de positie van een asteroïde beter berekend worden en kunnen astronomen met meer zekerheid zeggen waar die de aarde zal passeren. 

Het valt soms voor dat zo’n asteroïde een ster bedekt, waardoor zijn schaduw vanop de aarde te zien is. Maar waar die schaduw precies zou komen, kon niemand met zekerheid voorspellen. Vaak zat er een speling van enkele honderden kilometers op. Doordat de KSB nu voor 150.000 asteroïden de baan heeft kunnen berekenen, wordt het voorspellen van zo’n bedekking veel nauwkeuriger. Hierdoor kan aan het publiek kenbaar gemaakt worden waar en wanneer een asteroïde een ster zal passeren en kunnen geïnteresseerden hun telescoop klaarzetten om het fenomeen te zien gebeuren. Voor astronomen zijn deze waarnemingen overigens erg nuttig. Als voldoende mensen het tijdstip van verdwijnen en terugkeren van de ster doorgeven, kunnen wetenschappers de fysieke eigenschappen van de asteroïde bepalen. 

Maar de vaststelling van de banen van asteroïden kan ook een hoger doel dienen. “Als ooit een asteroïde gevonden wordt op een ramkoers naar de aarde, zullen we zo beter in staat zijn om een strategie te bepalen om het gevaar af te wenden”, klinkt het bij het ESA en KSB. 

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

14-06-2022 om 00:21 geschreven door peter  

Doorcam Records UFO And Flashing Lightings On Ground, June 12, 2022, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: June 12, 2022

Location of sighting: Frederick, Maryland, USA

 

Watch this UFO recorded by Ringcam and you will see it turn while flashing lights are seen on the ground, possibly reflecting the crafts brightness or even electrical devices turned on and off by the UFO which has been proven to happen in some UFO reports. The object looks like a tilted disk and moves extremely fast and passed in front of the Ringcam at 2:12 AM. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

Eyewitness states:

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

13-06-2022 om 23:38 geschreven door peter