Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 12 YEARS AND 11 MONTHS.
ON 06/05/2024 MORE THAN 1.972.210
VISITORS FROM 134 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
09-04-2022
Dark Disk Over Tokyo, Japan, Creates Ring Of Light, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Dark Disk Over Tokyo, Japan, Creates Ring Of Light, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: April 1, 2022
Location of sighting: Tokyo, Japan
A UFO video emerged this week of an unknown object over Tokyo, Japan. The object pulses creating a ring of light around it, almost like lighting and then the UFO disappears.
Such UFOs have been frequently seen around Japan, but most often near Mt Fuji and near the Fukushima nuclear reactor. So aliens do have an extreme interest in Japan.
Awesome Structures Discovered Near Our SUN! April 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Awesome Structures Discovered Near Our SUN! April 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: April 8, 2022 12:48:41Location of sighting: Earths Sun
Source:Helioviewer.org
This is a great find by Youtuber In2ThinAir. He used NASA/SOHO sun viewer to find some strange anomalies that do have many similarities to what we believe alien ships would look like. One is a spiral-like space station, the other a giant cube. Both of them have high quality detail and have had only light added to make them more visible.
I first started to search for UFOs near the sun about 17 years ago, when I first read about two Russian researchers who stated in a news article that they found many moon size UFOs shooting around our sun at the speed of light, changing directions suddenly, making hard right turns that should be impossible for any natural object in space. The article soon disappeared a few weeks after it was published and as did the two scientists, but...I have been keeping a close eye on objects near our sun. Helioviewer.org it one of the best tools to do so. This is 100% proof that those Russian scientists were right, that moon size UFOs do exist around our sun.
While in restricted airspace, pilots spot an unidentified object performing unusual maneuvers unlike any other military aircraft, in this clip from Season 18, “Alien Air Force.”
This cannibal star system could be a gravitational wave detecting machine.
An artist's rendering of a pulsar surrounded by a glowing disk of matter. In 'black widow' pulsars, that matter comes from a smaller companion star that's slowly being irradiated out of existence.
(Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech)
Every 4 milliseconds, a dead star blasts a powerful beam of radiation toward our planet. Don't worry — Earth will be fine. It's the dead star's tiny companion that's in trouble.
In a new study published March 11 on the pre-print database arXiv(opens in new tab), researchers describe this ill-fated binary star system — a rare class of celestial object known as a black widow pulsar(opens in new tab). Just like the cannibal spider from which this type of system takes its name, the larger member of the pair seems intent on devouring and destroying its smaller companion. (In spiders, females are often larger than males.)
However, there will be no quick decapitation for this black widow; the larger star appears to be killing its partner much more slowly. Over hundreds or thousands of years, the larger star has sucked in matter from the smaller star's vicinity, while simultaneously blasting the small star with strobing beams of energy, which push even more matter away into space.
Someday, it's possible that the larger star could devour the smaller one completely, lead study author Emma van der Wateren, a doctoral student at the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), told Live Science. But, before then, scientists hope to put this strange system to work. By monitoring the larger star's remarkably steady pulses for sudden irregularities, the study authors hope this pulsar could help them detect rare ripples in the fabric of space-time(opens in new tab) known as gravitational waves.
"To detect gravitational waves, you need many, many very stable pulsars," van der Wateren said. "And unlike earlier black widow pulsars that have been discovered, this system is very stable."
Cannibal corpses
Scientists discovered star system J0610−2100 about 10,000 light-years from Earth in 2003, when they noticed its periodic pulsing with a radio telescope. Researchers pegged the system for a pulsar — a type of small, dense, collapsed star that rotates extremely quickly.
These dead stars are highly magnetized, blasting beams of electromagnetic radiation out of their poles as they spin. When one of those beams points toward Earth, the effect is like a lighthouse, with the light blinking on and off as the beam strobes past us. If the light blinks once every 10 milliseconds or less (like J0610−2100, which blinks every 3.8 milliseconds), then the star fits into an even rarer category, called a millisecond pulsar.
Many millisecond pulsars share their orbits with sun-like companion stars, which the pulsars slowly devour. As the pulsars gobble up the spinning disks of matter spewed by the companion star, they glow in X-ray radiation that can be spotted across the galaxy.
An illustration of a pulsar gobbling up matter from its companion star. In black widow pulsars, the companion star has been stripped down to one tenth the mass of Earth's sun, or less. (Image credit: NASA Goddard)
And sometimes, a pulsar may take more than its fair share of matter from its companion. If a pulsar's companion star has a mass smaller than one-tenth the mass of Earth's sun, then that star system is called a black widow pulsar.
J0610−2100 was the third black widow pulsar ever detected — and seems to be one of the hungriest. The pulsar's companion star measures just 0.02 solar masses, and completes an orbit around the pulsar every seven hours or so, the study found.
For their new paper, van der Wateren and her colleagues analyzed 16 years' worth of radio telescope data from this cannibal star system. While the system is unmistakably a black widow pulsar, the team was surprised to find that it was missing a few signature quirks.
For example, the star system never showed what's known as a radio eclipse — a nearly universal phenomenon in other black widow pulsars.
"Typically, for a portion of the binary orbit, the radio emissions from the pulsar completely disappear," van der Wateren said. "This occurs when the companion star moves close to the front of the pulsar, and all this irradiated material coming off of the companion eclipses the pulse emission from the pulsar."
Over 16 years, the star system also never showed any timing irregularities — sudden, tiny differences in the timing of a pulsar's pulse compared to astronomers' predictions.
Waves that move the universe
The absence of these two common phenomena is hard to explain, van der Wateren said. It could be that the line of sight on this pulsar is skewed so that radio eclipses just aren't apparent to Earth-based telescopes, or perhaps the pulsar's companion star isn't being irradiated quite as strongly as other known pulsars that show these features. But whatever the case, this black widow system is incredibly stable and predictable — which makes it a perfect candidate for detecting gravitational waves, the researchers said.
These waves (first predicted by Albert Einstein) occur when the universe's most massive objects interact — like when black holes or neutron stars collide. The waves ripple through time and space at light-speed, warping the fabric of the universe as they pass.
Researchers have used a rapidly-spinning double pulsar system to take measurements for 16 years, ultimately proving Einstein right on the way to proving him wrong.
CREDIT:MICHAEL KRAMER/MPIFR
One way that astronomers hope to detect gravitational waves is by monitoring dozens of millisecond pulsars at once using systems called pulsar timing arrays. If every pulsar in the array suddenly experienced a timing irregularity around the same time, that could be evidence that something massive, like a gravitational wave, disrupted their pulses on the way to Earth.
"We have not detected gravitational waves in this way yet," van der Wateren said. "But I think we are coming close.
That's what makes the discovery of highly predictable black widow pulsars like this one so important, van der Wateren added.
Typically too temperamental because of their radio eclipses and timing irregularities, black widow pulsars are rarely good candidates for gravitational wave detection. But J0610−2100 might be an exception — and its mere existence suggests that there could be other suitable exceptions out there too. Like its arachnid namesake, this black widow's cannibal bite may serve a greater purpose in the end.
Scientists Just Found a ‘Significant’ Volume of Water Inside Mars’ Grand Canyon
Scientists Just Found a ‘Significant’ Volume of Water Inside Mars’ Grand Canyon
A depiction of canyons (left), and Mars itself (right).
On December 15, 2021 ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (ESA) published scientific material to declare detection of significant amounts of water at the heart of Mars’ dramatic canyon system, Valles Marineris (Grand Canyon). The newly discovered volume of water is hiding under the surface of Mars, and was detected by the Trace Gas Orbiter, a mission in its first stage under the guidance of the ESA-Roscosmos project dubbed ExoMars. Gas Orbiter revealed an area with an unusually large amount of hydrogen in the colossal Valles Marineris canyon system: assuming the hydrogen we see is bound into water molecules, as much as 40% of the near-surface material in this region appears to be water. Igor Mitrofanov, the Russian Academy of Science’s lead investigator of the Space Research Institute, presented this discovery in the ESA press release.
Mars’ canyon water could be liquid, ice, or a messy mix
“The reservoir is large, not too deep below ground, & could be easily exploitable for future explorers,” read a tweeton the announcement from ExoMars. That sounds basically great! But it’s too soon for Musk to pack up his bags and fly to the site, since much work is left to be done.
A study accompanying the announcement, published in the journal Icarus, shows that neutron detection doesn’t distinguish between ice and water molecules. This means geochemists need to enter the scientific fray to reveal more details. But several features of the canyon, including its topology, have led the researchers to speculate that the water is probably in solid form (ice). But it could also be a mixture of solid and liquid.
( Source : https://interestingengineering.com/ )
Hidden Water in Mars’ Grand Canyon discovered by ExoMars Gas Orbiter
In Italy, a team of scientists is using a highly sophisticated detector to hunt for dark matter.
The team observed an ultra-rare particle interaction that reveals the half-life of a xenon-124 atom to be 18 sextillion years.
The half-life of a process is how long it takes for half of the radioactive nuclei present in a sample to decay.
Scientists have observed an extremely rare particle physics event using a detector that’s hunting for dark matter, the mysterious material that physicists have yet to observe.
In a paper published in the journal Nature, researchers with the XENON Collaboration said they’d observed the radioactive decay of a substance called xenon-124, an isotope of the element xenon — a colorless and odorless noble gas found in tiny amounts in the atmosphere. The event — a “two-neutrino double electron capture” — has eluded scientists for decades.
It happens when “two protons in a nucleus are simultaneously converted into neutrons by the absorption of two electrons from one of the atomic shells and the emission of two electron neutrinos.” After this occurs, the event shoots out a predictable cascade of X-rays and Auger electrons that scientists look for using an ultra-sensitive detector, buried about 5,000 feet beneath Italy’s Gran Sasso mountain where it’s shielded from cosmic rays.
“We have shown that we can observe the rarest events ever recorded,” Ethan Brown, a professor of physics at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and co-author of the study, told Newsweek. “The key finding is that an isotope formerly thought to be completely stable has now been shown to decay on an unimaginably long timescale.”
How long is that timescale? The team estimated that xenon-124’s half-life is about 18 sextillion years — or 18,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 years — which is than one trillion times the age of our universe, according to the team. It’s the slowest process ever measured directly, the team wrote in a statement.
“It’s an amazing to have witnessed this process, and it says that our detector can measure the rarest thing ever recorded,” Brown told The Independent.
We are extremely excited to share with you that we have observed the rarest decay process ever measured! It is the two neutrino double electron capture in Xe-124. The results have been published in @nature: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1124-4 … #NotOnlyDM #TenTrillionBillionYears #XENON
“We designed the XENON1T experiment to look for dark matter, a new kind of matter that makes up 85 percent of the mass of the universe, but interacts so rarely that it’s never been observed,” Brown said. “This experiment is so sensitive to very rare events that we can make all kinds of other rare physics measurements. One of those is this decay of xenon-124. Although our primary goal was always the discovery of dark matter, we knew there was a good chance we could see this rare decay, so we set out to do so.”
To get that good chance, the team had to expose their detector to a huge amount of xenon atoms by stocking it with 3.2 tons worth of liquid xenon.
“XENON1T is a giant vat of liquid xenon surrounded by light sensors,” Brown said. “When dark matter collides in the xenon, or when a radioactive decay occurs inside, we get a tiny flash of light and a little bunch of charge out of the xenon. We measure these with the light sensors and reconstruct everything we can about the original event that caused the light and charge.”
Although the team didn’t observe dark matter — which is the primary purpose of the detector — the recent observations could help scientists learn more about neutrinos, one of the least understood fundamental particles in the universe.
“It proves that this XENON detector technology we use for dark matter is much more versatile,” graduate student Christian Wittweg, Ph.D student at the University of Münster in Germany, told Gizmodo. “We get all these cool analyses… for free after having built an experiment sensitive enough to hunt for dark matter.”
The team plans to use its newer XENONnT detector to continue hunting for dark matter, the elusive material that’s estimated to comprise about 26.8 percent of all the content in the universe.
Jupiter’s Origin Story: Intriguing New Details on the Gas Giant’s Formation Journey
Jupiter’s Origin Story:Intriguing New Details on the Gas Giant’s Formation Journey
Artist impression based on JunoCam image of Jupiter acquired on July 21, 2021. Enhanced to highlight features, clouds, colors, and the beauty of Jupiter. Credit: NASA/SwRI/MSSS/TanyaOleksuik
Researchers of the University of Zurich (UZH) and the National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) PlanetS have investigated Jupiter’s formation history in great detail. Their results suggest that the giant planet migrated far from its origin and collected large amounts of material on its journey.
One of the most important open questions in planetary formation theory is the story of Jupiter’s origin. Using sophisticated computer modeling, researchers of the University of Zurich (UZH) and the National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) PlanetS now shed new light on Jupiter’s formation history. Their results were published in journal The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
Professor of Theoretical Astrophysics at the University of Zurich and member of the NCCR PlanetS, Ravit Helled.
Credit: Jos Schmid
A curious enrichment of heavy elements
When the Galileo spacecraft released a probe that parachuted into Jupiter’s atmosphere in 1995, it showed among other things that heavy elements (elements heavier than helium) are enriched there. At the same time, recent structure models of Jupiter that are based on gravity field measurements by the Juno spacecraft suggest that Jupiter’s interior is not uniform but has a complex structure.
Since we now know that the interior of Jupiter is not fully mixed, we would expect heavy elements to be in a giant gas planet’s deep interior as heavy elements are mostly accreted during the early stages of the planetary formation,” study co-author, Professor at the University of Zurich and member of the NCCR PlanetS, Ravit Helled begins to explain. “Only in later stages, when the growing planet is sufficiently massive, can it effectively attract large amounts of light element gases like hydrogen and helium. Finding a formation scenario of Jupiter which is consistent with the predicted interior structure as well as with the measured atmospheric enrichment is therefore challenging yet critical for our understanding of giant planets,” Helled says. Of the many theories that have so far been proposed, none could provide a satisfying answer.
Sho Shibata is a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Zurich and a member of the NCCR PlanetS.
Credit: Nana Shibata
A long migration
“Our idea was that Jupiter had collected these heavy elements in the late stages of its formation by migrating. In doing so, it would have moved through regions filled with so-called planetesimals – small planetary building blocks that are composed of heavy element materials – and accumulated them in its atmosphere,” study lead-author Sho Shibata, who is a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Zurich and a member of the NCCR PlanetS, explains.
Yet, migration by itself is no guarantee for accreting the necessary material. “Because of complex dynamical interactions, the migrating planet does not necessarily accrete the planetesimals in its path. In many cases, the planet actually scatters them instead – not unlike a shepherding dog scattering sheep,” Shibata points out. The team therefore had to run countless simulations to determine if any migration pathways resulted in sufficient material accretion.
“What we found was that a sufficient number of planetesimals could be captured if Jupiter formed in the outer regions of the solar system – about four times further away from the Sun than where it is located now – and then migrated to its current position. In this scenario, it moved through a region where the conditions favored material accretion – an accretion sweet spot, as we call it,” Sho reports.
A new era in planetary science
Combining the constraints introduced by the Galileo probe and Juno data, the researchers have finally come up with a satisfying explanation. “This shows how complex giant gas planets are and how difficult it is to realistically reproduce their characteristics,” Ravit Helled points out.
“It took us a long time in planetary science to get to a stage where we can finally explore these details with updated theoretical models and numerical simulations. This helps us close gaps in our understanding not only of Jupiter and our solar system, but also of the many observed giant planets orbiting far away stars,” Helled concludes.
Reference: “Enrichment of Jupiter’s Atmosphere by Late Planetesimal Bombardment” by Sho Shibata and Ravit Helled, 24 February 2022, The Astrophysical Journal Letters. DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac54b1
Astronomers have detected a 'galactic space laser' shooting light beams at Earth from 5 billion light years away.
The powerful radio-wave 'laser', called a 'megamaser', was detected by the MeerKAT telescope in the Northern Cape ofSouth Africa.
According to the astronomers, the record-breaking find is the most distant megamaser of its kind ever detected, at about five billion light years from Earth.
Light from the megamaser has therefore travelled 58 thousand billion billion (58 followed by 21 zeros) kilometres to Earth.
A megamaser is a extremely luminous 'maser', which is actually technically quite different from a laser.
A photon from a laser comes in the form of visible light, while a photon from a maser comes in the form of a microwave (hence the 'M' instead of an 'L').
A three-colour optical image of the host galaxy of the hydroxyl megamaser, taken from the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) on the Subaru Telescope located at the Mauna Kea Observatory on Hawaii
The powerful radio-wave laser, called a 'megamaser', was detected by the MeerKAT telescope in South Africa (pictured)
WHAT IS A MEGAMASER?
A megamaser is a type of astrophysical maser. A maser is like a laser, except that the photon from a laser comes in the form of visible light, while a photon from a maser comes in the form of a microwave.
A megamaser involves some components within the galaxy (like gas) that are in the right physical condition to cause the amplification of the microwaves.
Megamasers are usually created when two galaxies violently collide in the universe.
Source: NASA
The record-breaking megamaser has been given the name 'Nkalakatha' [pronounced ng-kuh-la-kuh-tah] – an isiZulu word meaning 'big boss'.
The discovery was made by an international team of astronomers led by Dr Marcin Glowacki at the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR) in Western Australia.
Dr Glowacki said the hydroxyl megamaser – containing one atom of hydrogen and one of oxygen – was detected on the first night of a survey involving more than 3,000 hours of observations by the MeerKAT telescope.
'This is the first hydroxyl megamaser of its kind to be observed by MeerKAT and the most distant seen by any telescope to date,' he said.
'It's impressive that, with just a single night of observations, we've already found a record-breaking megamaser. It shows just how good the telescope is.'
Megamasers are usually created when two galaxies violently collide in the universe, Dr Glowacki explained.
Inside a galaxy merger are hydroxyl molecules, composed of one atom of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen.
When one molecule absorbs a photon at 18cm wavelength, it emits two photons of the same wavelength.
Megamasers are usually created when two galaxies violently collide in the universe. Inside a galaxy merger are hydroxyl molecules, composed of one atom of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. When one molecule absorbs a photon at 18cm wavelength, it emits two photons of the same wavelength. When molecular gas is very dense, typically when two galaxies merge, this emission gets very bright and can be detected by radio telescopes such as the MeerKAT
When molecular gas is very dense, typically when two galaxies merge, this emission gets very bright and can be detected by radio telescopes such as the MeerKAT.
'When galaxies collide, the gas they contain becomes extremely dense and can trigger concentrated beams of light to shoot out,' Dr Glowacki said.
The team is using MeerKAT to observe narrow regions of the sky extremely deeply and will measure atomic hydrogen in galaxies from the distant past to now.
The combination of studying hydroxl masers and hydrogen will help astronomers better understand how the universe has evolved over time.
'We have follow-up observations of the megamaser planned and hope to make many more discoveries,' Dr Glowacki said.
MeerKAT is a precursor instrument for the Square Kilometre Array – a global initiative to build the world's largest radio telescopes in Western Australia and South Africa.
According to Professor Tara Murphy at the University of Sydney's Institute for Astronomy, SKA will be able to make sensitive maps of the sky every day.
'Within the next decade, the transcontinental Square Kilometre Array radio telescope will come online,' Professor Murphy said.
'We expect the power of this telescope will help us solve mysteries... but it will also open vast new swathes of the cosmos to exploration in the radio spectrum.'
SKA WILL BE THE WORLD'S LARGEST RADIO TELESCOPE
The Square Kilometre Array (SKA), a joint project between Australia and South Africa, will be the world’s largest radio telescope.
More sensitive than any current radio telescope, it will enable scientists to study the universe in more detail than ever before.
The telescope will be located in South Africa and Australia, with the international headquarters located at Jodrell Bank, in the UK.
Nearly 200 mid-frequency dishes (including the existing MeerKAT facility which was officially launched in July 2018) will be located in the Karoo region of South Africa.
Artist's impression of the 3-mile (5km) diameter central core of Square Kilometre Array (SKA) antennas
Around 130,000 low-frequency antennas will be located in Western Australia.
Both sites are far from sources of radio frequency interference which will allow for very sensitive measurements to be undertaken.
The SKA will be made up of 2 instruments, SKA-mid (the dishes) and SKA-low (the antennas).
The signals from the dishes will be transported via optical fibre to a central computer where they will be combined using a technique called interferometry.
Similarly the signal from all of the antennas will also be combined and converted to scientific data that astronomers will use to study the universe.
ASTRONOMERS DETECT GALACTIC LASER COMING FROM DEEP SPACE
ASTRONOMERS DETECT GALACTIC LASER COMING FROM DEEP SPACE
HEY, WHERE'S THAT COMING FROM?!
NASA/FUTURISM
Megamaser
A team of astronomers have discovered a laser — technically a “megamaser” — coming from a whopping five billion light years from Earth, making it the most distant of its kind ever detected, CBS News reports.
That’s 58 thousand billion billion kilometers, if you’re keeping count. In other words, the time it took for the light to arrive here could be greater than the age of the solar system.
No, it’s almost certainly not some ancient alien civilization pointing a gigantic laser pointer at the Earth from across the cosmos. The alternative is pretty epic too, though, because the megamaser is likely the result of two galaxies violently colliding, astronomers suggest.
Big Collision
The discovery could test what we already know about the evolution of galaxies and what happens when they merge with others.
“When galaxies collide, the gas they contain becomes extremely dense and can trigger concentrated beams of light to shoot out,” Marcin Glowacki, lead author of a new study to be published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, in a statement.
Galactic collisions are some of the most violent events we know of in the Universe, releasing unimaginable amounts of energy in the process.
“The OH megamasers act like bright lights that say: here is a collision of galaxies that is making new stars and feeding massive black holes,” said co-author Jeremy Darling from the University of Colorado in a separate blurb.
Mere Lasers
The finding is an important proof of concept for the South African observatory called MeerKAT, which scientists used to make the discovery.
“This is the first hydroxyl megamaser of its kind to be observed by MeerKAT and the most distant seen by any telescope to date,” Glowacki said. “It’s impressive that, with just a single night of observations, we’ve already found a record-breaking megamaser. It shows just how good the telescope is.”
Scientists are already excited by the prospect of future discoveries just like it.
“MeerKAT will probably double the known number of these rare phenomena,” Darling said. “Galaxies were thought to merge more often in the past, and the newly discovered OH megamasers will allow us to test this hypothesis.”
SPACEX SUCCESSFULLY LAUNCHES FIRST ALL-PRIVATE MISSION TO THE SPACE STATION
SPACEX SUCCESSFULLY LAUNCHES FIRST ALL-PRIVATE MISSION TO THE SPACE STATION
IT'S A HISTORIC MOMENT.
AXIOM SPACE
All-Private Launch
It’s a historic moment in the history of spaceflight.
SpaceX has successfully launched the first all-private crew of space tourists to the International Space Station, as part of Axiom Space’s Ax-1 mission.
“Godspeed, Axiom-1,” SpaceX commentators could be heard saying.
Picture Perfect
The launch went by without a hitch, which is to be expected at this point — it’s the sixth successful crewed launch of the spacecraft and the fifth to fly to the space station.
Stage separation was confirmed just under three minutes into flight, “a picture perfect liftoff,” as SpaceX’s commentator called it.
SpaceX’s drone ship managed to safely catch the rocket’s first stage minutes after delivering the payload into the upper atmosphere.
Future of Space Tourism
The trip was organized by SpaceX and Axiom Space, a private space company, which is also hoping to launch its own space station in the upcoming years.
The crew will spend ten days in orbit, and eight on board the orbital outpost.
It’s a watershed moment for the still nascent space tourism industry, a hint of many more launches like it in the future.
Letter from the Defense Intelligence Agency confirming it is releasing 1,574 pages of files
Credit: DIA
Video taken by Navy pilots showing interactions with “unidentified aerial phenomena”.
Credit: AFP
Video of the infamous 'Tic Tac' encounter near the USS Nimitz in 2004
We filed an a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) just days after the existence of the shadowy programme had been made public.
Finally after more than four years, the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) released more than 1,500 documents.
It includes government commissioned scientific reports and letters to the Pentagon regarding the UFO programme.
The haul includes reports into research on the biological effects of UFO sightings on humans, sets out categorisations for paranormal experiences, and studies into sci-fi-style tech.
The DIA, the Department of Defense's spy arm, said "some portions" of the documents "must be withheld in part" due to privacy and confidentiality concerns.
But the agency added the "DIA has not withheld any reasonably segregable non-exempt portions of the records".
The bombshell Freedom of Information haul includes reports on the DIA's research into the biological effects of UFO sightings on humans.
And this includes burns, heart problems, sleep disturbances - and even bizarre occurrences such as "apparent abduction" and "unaccounted for pregnancy".
The report noted that often these injuries are related to electromagnetic radiation - and links them to "energy related propulsion systems".
And the report - prepared for the DIA - warns that such objects may be a "threat to United States interests".
Humans have been found to have been injured from "exposures to anomalous vehicles, especially airborne and when in close proximity", it reads.
The report added said it had 42 cases from medical files and 300 similar "unpublished" cases where humans had been injured after "anomalous" encounters.
AATIP was a secretive Pentagon programme that ran between 2007 and 2012 to study UFOs.
It was outed by former intelligence official turned whistleblower Luis Elizondo, who headed up the programme, back in 2017.
Bombshell videos of unexplained UFO sightings by US military personnel - investigated by AATIP - were also first published at the time.
The revelations on the programme marked a step change in the way the US talks about UFOs - now more commonly known as Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAPs).
And the phenomena has stepped from the fringe into a serious national security concern discussed by lawmakers, defence officials and even former presidents Barack Obama and Bill Clinton.
One fascinating document included in an Acquisition Threat Support report, sets out how to categorise "anomalous behaviour" - with encounters with "ghosts, yetis, spirits, elves and other mythical/ legendary entities" classed as "AN3".
Seeing a UFO with aliens on board would be "CE3".
Poltergeists, crop circles, spontaneous human combustion, alien abductions and other paranormal events are also categorised.
Studies into advanced technologies such as invisibility cloaks and mind controlled robots are also included in the document cahce.
Other documents obtained include studies into communicating with alien civilisations and plans for deep space exploration and colonization.
Luis Elizondo headed up AATIP for the Pentagon
Credit: Alamy
US Senator Harry Reid was key to setting up AATIP
Credit: AP
Letter from Senator Harry Reid stating that the findings of the programme demand "extraordinary protection"
Credit: DIA
The slew of newly released documents contains letters from Senator Harry Reid - who asks for the project to be classed as top secret - and documents about contractors.
It shows how a contract was awarded to Bigelow Aerospace Advanced Space Studies (BLASS) for $12 million - notably the only contractor to bid for the work - to study "advanced aerospace weapon threats from the present out to 40 years in the future".
In one 2009 letter Senator Reid describes how the programme has already identified "several highly sensitive, unconventional aerospace technologies" which required "extraordinary protection".
His request for "restricted special access program" for the BLASS work was rejected by DIA officials.
Last year, the Pentagon released its long awaited report into what it knows about a series of mysterious flying objects that have been observed in military airspaces over the last two decades.
The report, released on the website of the Office of the Director for National Intelligence, examined 144 reports of encounters with what the government deemed "unidentified aerial phenomenon."
It comes as the Pentagon is opening a new office to investigate UFOs, their origins and attempts to "capture or exploit" one of the mysterious craft after an amendment to a defence bill tabled in the US Senate.
It will probe whether or not the strange craft that have been reportedly buzzing the US military are unknown technology from Russia and China or potentially something more alien.
The Pentagon UFO programme AATIP ran from 2007 to 2012Credit: Reuters
The files were released by the Defense Intelligence Agency - the spy arm of the Department of Defense
Pentagon geeft ‘X-files’ over ufo's vrij: sprake van “stralingsbrandwonden” bij waarnemers en zelfs van een “onverklaarde zwangerschap”
De Amerikaanse overheid heeft 1.574 pagina’s ufo-onderzoek vrijgegeven op vraag van de Britse tabloid ‘The Sun’. Die spreekt van “X-files in het echte leven”. Blijkt dat ontmoetingen van burgers met ufo’s zouden hebben geleid tot stralingsbrandwonden, schade aan de hersenen en aan het zenuwstelsel, en zelfs een “onverklaarbare zwangerschap”. Ook wetenschapssite ‘Live Science’ bericht over de vrijgegeven documenten.
De documenten werden vrijgegeven in het kader van een Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). Het gaat om meer dan 1.500 pagina’s aan verslagen over ufo’s, materiaal afkomstig van het Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP), een geheimzinnig programma van het Amerikaanse ministerie van Defensie dat liep van 2007 tot 2012. Het project werd nooit specifiek geklasseerd als ‘top secret’, maar kwam toch pas in 2017 in de openbaarheid. De voormalige directeur van AATIP, Luis Elizondo, stapte toen op bij het Pentagon en gaf beelden vrij van een ongeïdentificeerd vliegtuig, dat op schijnbaar onmogelijke wijze bewoog.
De Britse tabloid ‘The Sun’ sprong op de zaak en diende al eind 2017 in het kader van een FOIA een verzoek in om alle documenten van AATIP te kunnen inkijken. Gisteren, ruim vier jaar later, honoreerde de Amerikaanse inlichtingendienst van Defensie (DIA) het verzoek en gaf meer dan 1.574 pagina’s materiaal vrij aan ‘The Sun’. De tabloid schrijft dat de documenten verslagen bevatten over de biologische effecten van ufowaarnemingen op mensen, studies over geavanceerde technologieën zoals onzichtbaarheidsmantels, en plannen voor verkenning en kolonisatie in de ruimte. De AATIP zei aan ‘The Sun’ dat het sommige vertrouwelijke informatie “gedeeltelijk achterhield” om redenen van privacy.
Een van de meest in het oog springende passages dateert van maart 2010 en gaat over de vermeende verwondingen die menselijke waarnemers zouden hebben opgelopen en die een “bedreiging voor de belangen van de Verenigde Staten zouden kunnen zijn”, zo klinkt het. 42 medische gevallen zijn beschreven, naast 300 gelijkaardige “ongepubliceerde” gevallen van verwondingen na vermeende ontmoetingen met “abnormale voertuigen”, waaronder ufo’s. Sommige waarnemers vertoonden brandwonden of andere symptomen door elektromagnetische straling, die gelinkt wordt aan “energie-gerelateerde voortstuwingssystemen”. Er is ook sprake van schade aan de hersenen en aan het zenuwstelsel, van hartkloppingen, van slaapstoornissen en van hoofdpijn.
Het is niet duidelijk wat voor soort screening de AATIP gebruikte om de vermeende gevallen te onderzoeken, als er al een werd gehanteerd, schrijft ‘Live Science’. ‘The Sun’ heeft de volledige inhoud van de opgevraagde rapporten nog niet bekendgemaakt.
En dan is er nog de oplijsting van vermeende biologische effecten op menselijke ufowaarnemers, weergegeven in een rapport van de civiele non-profitorganisatie Mutual UFO Network (MUFON) over waarnemingen tussen 1873 en 1994. Het gaat dan onder meer over “onverklaarbare zwangerschappen”, “schijnbare ontvoering”, verlamming, en ervaringen van telepathie, teleportatie en levitatie. MUFON wordt vaak bestempeld als controversieel omdat de vrijwilligers “onwetenschappelijk” te werk zouden gaan en zouden focussen op “pseudowetenschap”.
In de conclusie van het verslag staat wel dat er voldoende bewijs is “om een hypothese te ondersteunen dat sommige geavanceerde systemen al in gebruik zijn en ondoorzichtig zijn voor de VS om ze volledig te begrijpen”.
Herbekijk ook:
UFO-onderzoekers kijken reikhalzend uit naar Area 51-rapport
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Bizarre CIA Files Released on Lost Ancient Human Civilizations - 'The Adam & Eve Story'
Bizarre CIA Files Released on Lost Ancient Human Civilizations - 'The Adam & Eve Story'
Bizarre CIA Files Released on Lost Ancient Human Civilizations – ‘The Adam & Eve Story’
A recently declassified document discusses the topic of lost ancient human civilizations, and cataclysms that occurred on earth thousands of years ago – causing them to vanish from the earth and without explanation. Thus answering the question of why there is so much mystery and unanswered questions involving our true ancient past.
The creator of this document also states that the Great Pyramid of Giza, Egypt, Easter Island, Tiahuanaco, and Baalbek are ancient Enigmas. The lost city of Atlantis is also mentioned in the declassified files.
Most Compelling Stories of UFO Encounters of the 4th Kind… ABDUCTED by ALIENS Full Documentary via Coast to Coast AM
Most Compelling Stories of UFO Encounters of the 4th Kind… ABDUCTED by ALIENS Full Documentary via Coast to Coast AM
COAST TO COAT AM 2022 – ABDUCTED by ALIENS Full Documentary, Courtesy of Reality Films Distribution: Are we being taken by beings from outer space or another dimension? Countless individuals have very real memories of being taken secretly against their will by Alien entities. We may never know the full agenda of the beings responsible for alien abductions, however, with each new case we gain more knowledge of the alien agenda, and we become better prepared for the day when we will have full disclosure that we are clearly not alone.
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Most Terrifying Cities Built On The Edge Of Earth
Most Terrifying Cities Built On The Edge Of Earth
There are quite a few exceptional and extraordinarily cities in the world. Some are famous for their massive size and population, others for their scenic natural beauty while some are also renowned for their incredible architecture be it modern or medieval. It’s no secret that these amazing cities attract millions of tourists every year but did you know there are some places that might be so extreme that people would choose to steer clear of them? Turns out there’s some insanely dangerous cities built on the very edge of safety. After you finish watching this video may feel that something was seriously wrong with the people who built these. But fact is that they do exist and today we will introduce you to the most incredible of these cities.
UFO "Orb" Spotted Flying Over Hong Kong. April 7, 2022
This UFO orb was spotted in the Wan Chai of Hong Kong and it is crazy how this object turns of it lights, not once but twice before disappearing. The witness stated the following " I was watching the sky when I finished my work at Wan Chai around 5:30(5:40am - 5:55am I see this moving object time ) I go direct to Admiralty Station. I look at the sky and see the star sometime. I am using star app to see what is this star. But when I see it, it move suddenly. So I take out my phone to film it."
Thanks to Morris Chan for allowing me the use of his footage and to view the original:
UFO OVNI sighting over Dajabon, Dominican republic 2022
UFO OVNI sighting over Dajabon, Dominican republic 2022
Residents in the border municipality of Dajabon in Dominican Republic recently spotted a group of unidentified flying objects in the sky of that province, which created astonishment among the residents.
Falcon Solar-powered aircraft capable of solar flight with zero emission. Credit: Lasky Design
As the need for energy rises with the improving technology and the rising population, companies are coming up with the most efficient solutions that promise to meet the world’s energy demand. We already have seen a few examples, such as solar-powered cars and buildings covered with solar panels.
László Németh, a designer at Lasky Design, has developed a solar-powered aircraft concept capable of solar flight with zero-emission thanks to its large wing area. Named Falcon Solar, the concept design breaks with conventional aircraft design and uses the advantage of flying wings.
It features a low and elongated cockpit and pointed tail. Credit: Lasky Design
Nature has long provided engineers and designers with good ideas. Inspired by the body of the birds of prey, the streamlined concept features two large wings that curve upwards in a very harmonious way, a low and elongated cockpit, and a pointed tail.
The shape is unique in that the fuselage also generates significant lift while providing a surface for the solar panels. It doesn’t seem to have rudders to stabilizers, and its cabin also seems very compact. So, it’s difficult to say how Falcon Solar would function in the real world.
The fuselage provides a large area for solar panels in addition to the massive wings. Credit: Lasky Design
The Falcon Solar is designed as a passenger aircraft with the goal of making air travel more efficient and less expensive. Referring to the difficulties of flying on a cloudy day or at night, which would prevent the solar panels from generating power, Németh stressed that climbing to higher altitudes could help overcome these problems.
Though just an idea, for now, the designer hopes his bold and innovative concept can inspire the aviation industry to develop new and more efficient aircraft.
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Dolmen de Soto: Unique Millennia-Old Underground Structure Remains A Puzzling Enigma
Dolmen de Soto: Unique Millennia-Old Underground Structure Remains A Puzzling Enigma
A. Sutherland - AncientPages.com - Among the more than two hundred megalithic structures discovered in southwestern Spain’s province Huelva, there is one particularly impressive and, at the same time, mysterious and puzzling.
A giant millennia-old underground structure known as Dolmen de Soto, buried beneath a mound, 60 meters in diameter, is often referred to as Spain’s underground Stonehenge, and one of the largest circular megalithic arrangements in Spain.
Dolmen de Soto in Spain.
Credit: Diario de Huelva
Its ancient history is fascinating, and thanks to modern techniques, scientists have discovered ancient drawings on the stones, and many of them display figures armed with daggers, staffs, and axes. Interestingly, based on the investigation of Dolmen de Soto, no other single megalithic structure in Europe contains so many well-armed figures.
So the question is: Were these ancient people frightened of someone or something?
Its ancient history is fascinating, and thanks to modern techniques, scientists have discovered ancient drawings on the stones, and many of them display figures armed with daggers, staffs, and axes. Interestingly, based on the investigation of Dolmen de Soto, no other single megalithic structure in Europe contains so many well-armed figures.
So the question is: Were these ancient people frightened of someone or something?
What Was The Purpose Of Dolmen de Soto?
Recent archaeological excavations also revealed and documented the existence of a Neolithic stone circle with a diameter of 65 m that now dates to 5,000-4,000 BC. The circle’s building was made of stones varying in size and shape. An underground passage, measuring 21.5 meters, starts narrow then extends to three meters in width and height as it reaches the back of the monument. Inside, a gallery consists of 63 stone pillars, a frontal slab, and 30 other stones covering it.
Was this great megalith a sanctuary for the cult of death? Or perhaps was it a place of reverence of important gods and other divinities? What was the purpose of Dolmen de Soto?
Was it a graveyard? If so, why were only a few people buried in this big underground complex? How was it constructed? There are many questions, but not all of them have clear answers.
Inside Dolmen De Soto.
Credit: IAPH
Dated between 3000 and 2500 BC, 69 granite pillars line the walls, and the dolmen has an anthropomorphic stele with a human face, belt, and trident, similar to that of the dolmen located on the Channel Island of Guernsey.
Discovered and excavated by Armando de Soto in 1923, the Dolmen was investigated by Hugo Obermaier, who shed light on its architecture, an enormous quantity of engravings, and various stelae used more than once.
Dolmen de Soto is astronomically oriented towards the east and perfectly matches the sunrise at the spring and autumn equinoxes. The first rays of the sun at the equinox appear through the corridor and are projected on a particular chamber located in the eastern end of the Dolmen’s passage. It suggests that the ancient people had a symbolic rite by which the deceased was reborn experiencing sunlight.
The underground structure of the long corridor dolmens family is the most extensive megalithic facility in the Huelva province. It is almost 21m long (ca 69ft), though its width varies from 0,82m at the door up to 3.10m (10ft).
Inside the mound, experts found a metalworking workshop dating back to 3,000 BC, which indicates that the drawings of the weapons are most probably related to the discovery of metallurgy.
Additionally, only eight bodies have been discovered buried in seven different places inside the Dolmen. The bodies appear crouched near the wall and have orthostats (large rock boulders, known as uprights), decorated with a few engravings showing the image of the deceased, his protecting totemic sign, or some of his weapons.
As we see, we know much today about Dolmen de Soto (also known as Soto Dolmen), but still much is missing. Doubtful, the mystery of this significant Neolithic landmark will be ever definitely solved even with modern techniques.
The problem is that the eight bodies buried in seven different places inside the Dolmen are missing!
The bodies and their belongings were taken from Dolmen de Soto and transported to the United Kingdom. Their whereabouts are unknown.
Professor of prehistory Mimi Bueno-Ramírez, at Alcalá de Henares University in Madrid, was right, saying: “if we had access to the ancient bodies found at the site, we could learn more about this fascinating place. It’s a pity these human remains and artifacts were never analyzed.”
A part of Dolmen De Soto’s history was lost.
Paintings Engravings Drawings And Symbols
Dolmen de Soto contains a rich collection of painting with symbolic motifs and engravings created with the help of various engraving techniques like incision, low relief, abrasion, and picking.
Dolmen de Soto, Trigueros.
Image credit: Hostal Ciudad Trigueros - CC BY-SA 4.0
This rock art is our ancestors’ artistic manifestations of cosmology, visions of the world, and sky with stars, sun, and moon. Inside Dolmen de Soto, these observations and concepts are expressed through symbols.
Some symbols tell stories about rituals linked to death and the afterlife because they helped them connect the material world with the spirits. Other characters in the Dolmen are related to beliefs, myths, and legends.
As we do today, our ancestors also pondered the concept of possible life after death, or whether death ends their existence and represents the gateway to an afterlife.
Dolmen de Soto resembles Stonehenge, and to a certain degree, both the same ancient builders have constructed those structures.
Did Stonehenge look like the Dolmen de Soto? Maybe there is no connection between these two prehistoric sites, but certainly, these are questions worth pondering for a curious mind seeking answers.
Written by – A. Sutherland - AncientPages.com Senior Staff Writer
This visualization of the Laniakea supercluster, which represents a collection of more than 100,000 estimated galaxies spanning a volume of over 100 million light-years, shows the distribution of dark matter (shadowy purple) and individual galaxies (bright orange/yellow) together. Despite the relatively recent identification of Laniakea as the supercluster which contains the Milky Way and much more, it’s not a gravitationally bound structure and will not hold together as the Universe continues to expand. (TSAGHKYAN / WIKIMEDIA COMMONS)
Which is good, because if they do, they violate the cosmological principle.
In theory, the Universe should be the same, on average, everywhere.
A simulation of the large-scale structure of the Universe. While, on small scales, various regions are dense and massive enough to correspond to star clusters, galaxies, and galaxy clusters, while others correspond to cosmic voids, on larger scales, every location is largely similar to every other location. (DR. ZARIJA LUKIC)
On the largest scales, it shouldn’t matter which direction you observe.
This image shows a map of the full sky and the X-ray clusters identified to measure the expansion of the Universe in a direction-dependent way, along with four X-ray clusters in detail imaged by NASA’s Chandra X-ray observatory. Although the results suggest the Universe’s expansion may not be isotropic, or the same in all directions, the data is far from clear-cut, and the anisotropic interpretation was heavily criticized. (NASA/CXC/UNIV. OF BONN/K. MIGKAS ET AL.)
Nor should it matter which location you’re examining.
In modern cosmology, a large-scale web of dark matter and normal matter permeates the Universe. On the scales of individual galaxies and smaller, the structures formed by matter are highly non-linear, with densities that depart from the average density by enormous amounts. On very large scales, however, the density of any region of space is very close to the average density: to about 99.99% accuracy. (WESTERN WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY)
We expect isotropy and homogeneity, with physical consequences if they’re violated.
The early Universe was full of matter and radiation, and was so hot and dense that the quarks and gluons present didn’t form into individual protons and neutrons, but remained in a quark-gluon plasma. This primordial soup consisted of particles, antiparticles, and radiation, and although was in a lower entropy state than our modern Universe, there was still plenty of entropy. (RHIC COLLABORATION, BROOKHAVEN)
Initially, the Big Bang simultaneously occurred everywhere.
The full suite of what’s present today in the Universe owes its origins to the hot Big Bang. More fundamentally, the Universe we have today can only come about because of the properties of spacetime and the laws of physics. Without them, we cannot have existence in any form. (NASA / GSFC)
All locations possessed equivalent temperatures and densities.
As our satellites have improved in their capabilities, they’ve probes smaller scales, more frequency bands, and smaller temperature differences in the cosmic microwave background. The temperature imperfections help teach us what the Universe is made of and how it evolved, painting a picture that requires dark matter to make sense. (NASA/ESA AND THE COBE, WMAP AND PLANCK TEAMS; PLANCK 2018 RESULTS. VI. COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; PLANCK COLLABORATION (2018))
Only tiny, 1-part-in-30,000 imperfections get superimposed atop them.
The large-scale structure of the Universe changes over time, as tiny imperfections grow to form the first stars and galaxies, then merge together to form the large, modern galaxies we see today. Looking to great distances reveals a younger Universe, similar to how our local region was in the past. The temperature fluctuations in the CMB, as well as the clustering properties of galaxies throughout time, provide a unique method of measuring the Universe’s expansion history. (CHRIS BLAKE AND SAM MOORFIELD)
Those imperfections then evolved gravitationally, limited by our physical laws.
This snippet from a structure-formation simulation, with the expansion of the Universe scaled out, represents billions of years of gravitational growth in a dark matter-rich Universe. Note that filaments and rich clusters, which form at the intersection of filaments, arise primarily due to dark matter; normal matter plays only a minor role. (RALF KÄHLER AND TOM ABEL (KIPAC)/OLIVER HAHN)
Tremendous cosmological structures formed: stars, galaxies, and the great cosmic web.
A map of more than one million galaxies in the Universe, where each dot is its own galaxy. On these large scales, it becomes clear that the clustering patterns we see are important on small cosmic scales, but as we look to larger and larger scales, the Universe appears more uniform. (DANIEL EISENSTEIN AND THE SDSS-III COLLABORATION)
We expect a structural size limit: ~1.2 billion light-years.
The 3D reconstruction of 120,000 galaxies and their clustering properties, inferred from their redshift and large-scale structure formation. The left, black-and-white image is the raw data, the green dots show the reconstructed 3D positions of those same galaxies. (JEREMY TINKER AND THE SDSS-III COLLABORATION)
Anything larger wouldn’t have sufficient time to form.
Both simulations (red) and galaxy surveys (blue/purple) display the same large-scale clustering patterns as one another, even when you look at the mathematical details. If dark matter weren’t present, a lot of this structure would not only differ in detail, but would be washed out of existence; galaxies would be rare and filled with almost exclusively light elements. (GERARD LEMSON AND THE VIRGO CONSORTIUM)
The warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) has been seen along incredibly overdense regions, like the Sculptor wall, illustrated above. These walls are enormous, but no larger than 1.4 billion light-years, at least as have been confirmed to exist. Still, it’s conceivable that there are still surprises out there in the Universe. (SPECTRUM: NASA/CXC/UNIV. OF CALIFORNIA IRVINE/T. FANG. ILLUSTRATION: CXC/M. WEISS)
A region of space devoid of matter in our galaxy reveals the Universe beyond, where every point is a distant galaxy. The cluster/void structure can be seen very clearly, demonstrating that our Universe is not of exactly uniform density on all scales. Everywhere we look, however, we still find ‘something’ in the Universe. (ESA/HERSCHEL/SPIRE/HERMES)
This figure shows the relative attractive and repulsive effects of overdense and underdense regions on the Milky Way. Note that, despite the large number of galaxies clumped and clustered nearby, there are also large regions that have extremely few galaxies: cosmic voids. While we have a few substantial ones nearby, there are even larger and lower-density voids found in the distant Universe, but nothing defying our cosmic expectations. (YEHUDA HOFFMAN, DANIEL POMARÈDE, R. BRENT TULLY, AND HÉLÈNE COURTOIS, NATURE ASTRONOMY 1, 0036 (2017))
But two classes of structures threaten this picture.
Some quasar groupings appear to be clustered and/or aligned on larger cosmic scales than are predicted. The largest of them, known as the Huge Large Quasar Group (Huge-LQG), consists of 73 quasars spanning up to 5–6 billion light-years, but may only be what’s known as a pseudo-structure. (ESO/M. KORNMESSER)
Here, two different large quasar groupings are shown: the Clowes-Campusano LQG in red and the Huge-LQG in black. Just two degrees away, another LQG has been found as well. however, whether these are just unrelated quasar locations or a true larger-than-expected set of structures remains unresolved. (R. G. CLOWES/UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL LANCASHIRE; SDSS)
NASA’s Fermi Satellite has constructed the highest resolution, high-energy map of the Universe ever created. Without space-based observatories such as this one, we could never learn all that we have about the Universe, nor could we even accurately measure the gamma-ray sky. Some gamma-ray bursts appear to be clustered in a way that may indicate larger-than-expected cosmic structures. (NASA/DOE/FERMI LAT COLLABORATION)
If real, these structures defy our present cosmic understanding.
This illustration of the large GRB ring, and the inferred underlying large-scale structure, shows what might be responsible for the pattern we’ve observed. However, this may not be a true structure, but only a pseudo-structure, and we may be fooling ourselves by believing this extends across many billions of light-years of space. (PABLO CARLOS BUDASSI/WIKIMEDIA.ORG)
However, they may be purely phantasmal.
This illustration of the most distant gamma-ray burst ever detected, GRB 090423, is thought to be typical of most fast gamma-ray bursts. However, whether the multiple gamma-ray bursts we’ve seen are good tracers of the underlying large-scale structure or not remains a debated topic. (ESO/A. ROQUETTE)
Combination image of quasar RX J1131 (center) taken via NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory and the Hubble Space Telescope. Microlensing events associated with this quasar provide evidence for some ~2,000 rogue/orphan planets populating the interstellar space around this quasar’s core, making this the most distant location known that contains planets. While other quasars and structures can be found nearby, we can tell that this object isn’t part of a structure that’s larger than the expected cosmic limits. (NASA/CXC/UNIV OF MICHIGAN/R.C.REIS ET AL)
Only superior data, sufficiently mapping out our Universe, will decide.
The Hubble Ultra-Deep Field, shown in blue, is currently the largest, deepest long-exposure campaign undertaken by humanity. For the same amount of observing time, the Nancy Grace Roman Telescope will be able to image the orange area to the exact same depth, revealing over 100 times as many objects as are present in the comparable Hubble image. We should finally be able to test whether these quasar and gamma-ray burst clusterings are real structures, or just pseudo-structures. (NASA, ESA, AND A. KOEKEMOER (STSCI); ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: DIGITIZED SKY SURVEY)
Mostly Mute Monday tells an astronomical story in images, visuals, and no more than 200 words. Talk less; smile more.
Beste bezoeker, Heb je zelf al ooit een vreemde waarneming gedaan, laat dit dan even weten via email aan Frederick Delaere opwww.ufomeldpunt.be. Deze onderzoekers behandelen jouw melding in volledige anonimiteit en met alle respect voor jouw privacy. Ze zijn kritisch, objectief maar open minded aangelegd en zullen jou steeds een verklaring geven voor jouw waarneming! DUS AARZEL NIET, ALS JE EEN ANTWOORD OP JOUW VRAGEN WENST, CONTACTEER FREDERICK. BIJ VOORBAAT DANK...
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
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