Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 12 YEARS AND 11 MONTHS.
ON 06/05/2024 MORE THAN 1.972.210
VISITORS FROM 134 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
22-12-2022
MENSELIJKE EVOLUTIE GAAT DOOR: NIEUWE GENEN ONTDEKT IN DNA DIE 'SPONTAAN' ZIJN ONTSTAAN
MENSELIJKE EVOLUTIE GAAT DOOR: NIEUWE GENEN ONTDEKT IN DNA DIE 'SPONTAAN' ZIJN ONTSTAAN
Jeannette Kras
De mens en de chimpansee gingen een kleine 7 miljoen jaar geleden elk hun eigen weg. Wij splitsten ons af, maar blijven tot op de dag van vandaag door-evolueren.
Nieuwe genen kunnen ontstaan door duplicatie, waarbij een deel van het genetisch materiaal op een chromosoom verdubbelt en het chromosoom langer maakt. Genetische duplicatie zorgt voor veranderingen in het genoom en is een belangrijke motor in de evolutie. Nieuwe genen kunnen echter ook ‘spontaan’ ontstaan uit kleine stukjes van ons DNA.
Genduplicatie Biomedische wetenschappers uit Griekenland en Ierland hebben 155 nieuwe genen geïdentificeerd in het menselijke genenpakket, die schijnbaar uit het niets toegevoegd zijn aan ons DNA. Sommigen van deze ‘nieuwe’ genen vinden hun oorsprong in lang vervlogen tijden, toen zoogdieren nog niet zo lang op aarde rondliepen. Enkele anderen van deze ‘microgenen’ lijken verband te houden met ziekten die specifiek zijn voor de mens.
“Dit project begon in 2017 omdat ik geïnteresseerd was in de evolutie van nieuwe genen en wilde uitzoeken hoe deze genen ontstaan”, zegt hoofdauteur Nikolaos Vakirlis. “We hebben het project een paar jaar noodgedwongen in de ijskast gezet, maar toen er een andere studie werd gepubliceerd, met een aantal zeer interessante nieuwe gegevens, konden we verder met ons onderzoek.”
Spontaan ontstaan Het onderzoeksteam maakte gebruik van een eerder gepubliceerde dataset van relevante nieuwe genen en maakte zo een voorouderlijk overzicht waarin het DNA van mensen is vergeleken met andere gewervelde diersoorten. Ze legden de genomen over elkaar heen en ontdekten dat er 155 ‘nieuwe’ genen ooit spontaan zijn ontstaan uit specifieke kleine DNA-fragmenten. De onderzoekers wilden meer weten over deze interessante ontdekking. Wat is dit voor genetische informatie?
“Het was fascinerend om zo’n totaal nieuw onderwerp aan te snijden en te onderzoeken”, zegt de Ierse onderzoeker Aoife McLysaght van het Trinity College in Dublin. “Als je je steeds verder gaat verdiepen in deze kleine stukjes DNA, merk je dat het werk steeds verder gaat richting de randen van wat nog analyseerbaar is. Het is lastig om in te schatten in hoeverre de onderzochte genen en genoomsequenties biologisch betekenisvol zijn. Dat is een enorme uitdaging.”
Patronen vinden Van deze 155 nieuwe genen zijn er 44 gelinkt aan allerhande verschillende problemen met celgroei. Het lijkt erop dat deze genen een belangrijke schakel zijn in het behoud van een gezond celleven. Aangezien het om menselijke genen gaat, zijn directe testen moeilijk uit te voeren. Wetenschappers moeten dus een andere manier vinden om erachter te komen welke effecten deze nieuwe genen op het menselijk lichaam kunnen hebben. Vakirlis en zijn team richtten zich op patronen in het DNA die erop kunnen wijzen of dit soort genen een rol spelen bij specifieke ziekten.
Drie van deze 155 nieuw gevonden genen bleken DNA-markers te hebben die gelinkt zijn aan erfelijke ziekten zoals spierdystrofie, retinitis pigmentosa (ernstige oogafwijking) en het Alazami-syndroom (groeistoornis). Naast genen met een link naar aandoeningen vonden de onderzoekers ook een nieuw gen dat gekoppeld is aan de ontwikkeling van menselijk hartweefsel. Dit gen ontstond direct nadat mens en chimpansee zich afsplitsten van de gorilla en laat mooi zien hoe snel een gen kan evolueren om essentieel te worden voor de bouw van een organisme.
Verborgen schatten “Er is nog veel werk te doen. Het lijkt me erg interessant om in toekomstige studies dieper in te gaan op deze microgenen en beter te begrijpen waar ze toe in staat zijn en of ze direct betrokken kunnen zijn bij welke ziekte dan ook”, zegt Vakirlis.
“Het is verleidelijk om deze genen te negeren, omdat ze zo moeilijk te bestuderen zijn. Het wordt echter meer en meer duidelijk dat de wetenschap zijn ogen niet mag sluiten voor deze fascinerende stukjes erfelijk materiaal”, aldus McLysaght. “Als onze aannames kloppen en we voort kunnen borduren op de conclusies uit deze studie, dan zijn er nog veel meer van dit soort relevante zaken diep verborgen in het menselijk genoom, die erop wachten om ontdekt te worden.”
China has claimed that it may have received a message from an alien civilisation using its $180 million Sky Eye telescope, according to reports.
Sky Eye, a 1,640-foot-diameter telescope based in China's Guizhou province, has detected unusual electromagnetic signals that scientists claim could have alien origins.
The news was revealed in a report by Science and Technology Daily, the official newspaper of China's Ministry of Science and Technology, based in Beijing.
But according to Bloomberg, Science and Technology Daily deleted the report shortly after it was posted, although it's uncertain why.
China claims to have received a message from an alien civilisation, mysterious radio signals suggest (file photo)
Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, also known as FAST or Sky Eye, is based in a natural basin in Guizhou
The FAST telescope
Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, also known as FAST or Sky Eye, is a telescope in Guizhou, China.
With a diameter of 500 meters (1,640 feet), it's the world's largest full dish radio telescope.
It's based in the Dawodang depression, a natural basin in Guizhou.
It was launched in September 2020 specifically to search for alien life and potentially habitable exoplanets – planets outside our solar system.
Sky Eye telescope may have picked up signs of life beyond Earth, according to a report by the state-backed Science and Technology Daily, which then appeared to have deleted the report and posts about the discovery,' Bloomberg says.
'The news had already started trending on social network Weibo and was picked up by other media outlets, including state-run ones.'
The Science and Technology Daily report cited Zhang Tonjie, chief scientist of an extraterrestrial civilization search team co-founded by Beijing Normal University, the National Astronomical Observatory of China and the University of California, Berkeley.
The team detected two sets of suspicious signals in 2020 while processing data collected in 2019, and found another suspicious signal in 2022 while observing exoplanets – planets outside our solar system.
Zhang said the suspicious signals could also be some kind of radio interference, so further investigation is required.
MailOnline has contacted the National Astronomical Observatory of China for comment.
Currently, no life beyond Earth has ever been found, but this does not mean that the universe is lifeless other than on Earth, according to NASA.
The US space agency says: 'While no clear signs of life have ever been detected, the possibility of extraterrestrial biology – the scientific logic that supports it – has grown increasingly plausible.'
Due to its size, Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, also known as FAST or Sky Eye, has one of the best chances of discovering alien life.
It was launched in September 2020 specifically to search interstellar communication signals that suggest alien life and potentially habitable exoplanets.
As its official name suggests, FAST has a diameter of 500 meters (1,640 feet), making it the world’s largest full dish radio telescope.
The dish-like telescope, as large as 30 football fields, costed 1.2 billion yuan (about $180 million)
Engineers work at the control centre for the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) on February 3, 2021 in Pingtang County, Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province of China
It's able to scan twice the sky area covered by the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico, the previous record holder for the largest single-aperture radio telescope in the world.
FAST can deliver readings between three and five times more sensitive than those from Arecibo Observatory, which is why scientists have been hopeful the telescope could lead to a breakthrough in the search for alien life.
A 65-person village was destroyed before construction of FAST began, and more than 9,000 people in the surrounding countryside were forced to relocate to create a three-mile radius around the telescope without any electromagnetic interference.
According to government officials, each person was given the equivalent of $1,800 in compensation for the relocation.
ALIEN LIFE MAY BE TOO SCARED OF 'DANGEROUS' HUMANS, EXPERT CLAIMS
Sci-fi films and TV shows have routinely depicted a brutal race of aliens visiting Earth in their spaceships and enslaving unfortunate Earthlings.
But according to one expert, extraterrestrial life may actually be too scared of 'dangerous' and 'violent' humans to want to come here.
Dr Gordon Gallup, a biopsychologist at the University of Albany, argues that humans are 'dangerous, violent and ceaselessly engage in endless bloody conflicts and war'.
As an example, Dr Gallup cites 'the total destruction of the highly advanced Aztec and Inca civilizations' and the subsequent genocide of the native people, their temples and buildings destroyed and their wealth and natural resources stolen.
For this reason, aliens with the technological capability of making a visit to Earth – if they exist – are likely inclined to stay away for fear of death and genocide, according to Dr Gallup.
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BREAKING: China Claims That Its 'Sky Eye' Telescope May Have Received Signals From Alien Civilizations
BREAKING: China Claims That Its 'Sky Eye' Telescope May Have Received Signals From Alien Civilizations
by Mirza Newton
China claimed that its massive Sky Eye telescope may have detected signals of extraterrestrial civilizations, according to a report by the state-backed Science and Technology Daily, which promptly removed the piece and related postings.
The report cites Zhang Tonjie, chief scientist of an extraterrestrial civilization search team co-founded by Beijing Normal University, the National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the University of California, Berkeley, as saying that the narrow-band electromagnetic signals detected by Sky Eye — the world's largest radio telescope — differ from those captured in the past and that the team is investigating them further.
It is unclear why the report was apparently removed from the website of the Science and Technology Daily, the official newspaper of China's science and technology ministry, despite the fact that the news was already trending on social network Weibo and had been picked up by other media outlets, including state-run outlets.
Sky Eye, which is situated in the Guizhou region of southwestern China and has a diameter of 500 meters (1,640 feet), commenced an official search for alien life in September 2020. Zhang, according to the newspaper, said that the team noticed two sets of suspicious signals in 2020 while processing data acquired in 2019, and another suspicious signal in 2022 from observation data of planetary targets.
According to Zhang, China's Sky Eye is particularly sensitive to the low-frequency radio band and plays a crucial role in the hunt for extraterrestrial civilizations.
He stated that the odd signals might possibly be radio interference and need more examination.
This is a developing story and we will keep you updated as soon as new information regarding this story emerges.
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Astronomers Find A Potential ‘Major Planet’ Orbiting A Dead Star That Can Support Life For At Least 1 Billion Years Into The Future
Astronomers Find A Potential ‘Major Planet’ Orbiting A Dead Star That Can Support Life For At Least 1 Billion Years Into The Future
It turns out that the existence of life on planets orbiting stars like our sun does not require those stars to be vibrant and powerful.
A potential "major planet" that orbits a dying sun and could support life in the future has been found by scientists.
The “surprising” discovery was made by researchers from University College London while watching a white dwarf, the burning remnants of a star that ran out of hydrogen fuel. It is about 117 light-years away from us. This star, known as WD1054-226, has a ring of planetary rubble in its orbital habitable zone, also known as the Goldilocks zone, where temperatures should enable the planet to have liquid water on its surface.
If the newfound planet is proved to be a life-sustaining world, it will be the first time a life-sustaining planet has been identified around a dying sun.
Scientists made the discovery while monitoring the light from the white dwarf and reported their results in the Royal Astronomical Society’s Monthly Notices. They discovered strong dips in light that matched to 65 uniformly distributed clouds of debris that orbited WD1054-226 every 25 hours, according to their findings.Jay Farihi, the lead author of the study and professor at UCL Physics and Astronomy, said: “The moon-sized structures we have observed are irregular and dusty (e.g. comet-like) rather than solid, spherical bodies”
He described the structures as a “mystery we cannot explain,” but suggested one possible and “unexpected” explanation: a nearby planet.He said: “”An exciting possibility is that these bodies are kept in such an evenly-spaced orbital pattern because of the gravitational influence of a nearby planet. Without this influence, friction and collisions would cause the structures to disperse, losing the precise regularity that is observed. A precedent for this ‘shepherding’ is the way the gravitational pull of moons around Neptune and Saturn help to create stable ring structures orbiting these planets. We were not looking for this.”
The idea of a “major planet” in the star’s habitable zone is thrilling, but he emphasises that such a planet has yet to be proven. Farihi stated that his team still requires further proof, which may be tough to get due to the inability to directly view the planet. To gain a clearer explanation, they may have to depend on computer models along with additional observations of the star and its circling debris.
The team anticipates that, if a planet exists, it was just recently formed — and that it would be habitable for at least 2 billion years, including at least 1 billion years in the future.
Their finding may also aid scientists in developing a better knowledge of our solar system, as more than 95% of all stars, including our sun, will ultimately become white dwarfs.
A new paper claims that intelligent aliens would only be interested in contacting the most technologically advanced planets, and Earth doesn't make the cut.
Why haven't aliens gotten in touch? Maybe they think Earth is boring.
A new preprint paper published to the arXiv(opens in new tab) database suggests that intelligent extraterrestrials might not find planets that host life particularly interesting. If life has evolved on many planets in the galaxy, then aliens are probably more interested in the ones where there are signs not just of biology but technology, study author Amri Wandel, an astrophysicist at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, wrote in the paper. The paper is yet to be peer-reviewed.
The study explores the Fermi paradox, which holds that given the age of the universe, it's likely that intelligent aliens would have developed long-distance space travel by now, and thus it’s likely that they would have visited Earth. The fact that they haven't (as far as we know) may be evidence that there is no other intelligent life in the Milky Way galaxy.
But experts have offered other explanations for the missing aliens: Perhaps they visited Earth in the past, before humans evolved or were capable of recording the visit. Or maybe long-distance space travel is more difficult than believed. Perhaps aliens evolved advanced civilization too recently to make it to Earth. Or they've deliberately decided not to explore the cosmos. It’s even possible that they’ve killed themselves off.
In the new paper, Wandel offers another possible explanation: that life is actually really common in the Milky Way. If many of the rocky planets orbiting in the habitable zone of stars host life, aliens probably aren't going to waste their resources sending signals to every one — they'd likely end up trying to communicate with alien algae or amoebas.
If life is common, intelligent aliens are likely much more interested in signs of technology. But tech signals may be tough to detect. Earth has only been beaming out signals detectable from space (in the form of radio waves) since the 1930s. In theory, these signals have now washed over about 15,000 stars and their orbiting planets, but that is a tiny fraction of the up to 400 billion stars in the Milky Way. Furthermore, Wandel wrote, it takes time for any return message from aliens to travel back, so only stars within 50 light-years have had time to respond since Earth started broadcasting off-planet.
Even worse, Earth's oldest radio signals weren't deliberately broadcast into space, so they're likely so garbled after about one light-year that aliens would be unable to distinguish them, according to Universe Today(opens in new tab). (Earthlings sent out the first deliberate high-power broadcast to aliens with the Arecibo message in 1974, directed to the globular star cluster M13. Some scientists think it's time to send another.)
Wandel found that unless intelligent civilizations are very abundant, with more than 100 million technologically advanced planets in the Milky Way, it's likely that Earth's signals haven't reached another form of intelligent life. However, with time, and as our planet beams out more and more radio chatter, it becomes more likely that Earth's technological signals will find intelligent listeners, Wandel wrote.
The findings suggest that perhaps there are no intelligent civilizations within about 50 light-years of our planet, he wrote. But intelligent life could still be out there — they’re just waiting for our call.
The detector would search for ripples in the fabric of space-time left in the spacecraft's wake.
An artist's image of an alien starship as viewed from a planet's surface.
(Image credit: Coneyl Jay)
Scientists have proposed another use for the world's largest gravitational wave observatory: scanning for the ripples in space-timeleft in the wake of gargantuan alien spaceships.
Gravitational waves ripple out when objects with mass move through space. Bigger objects — such as planets, neutron stars or black holes — produce more prominent gravitational waves. These space-time ripples were first directly detected in 2015, but since then, scientists have been getting better at spotting the waves as they lap at our cosmic shores. Now, new calculations published Dec. 5 to the preprint database arXiv suggest that the U.S.-based Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) can look beyond conventional sources for these space-time ripples. Colossal alien spacecraft traveling at high speeds, or pushed along by warp drives, would also produce the telltale vibrations, the authors said.
The LIGO detector spots gravitational waves from the tiny distortions they make in space-time as they pass through it. Made up of two intersecting L-shaped detectors — each with two 2.48-mile-long (4 kilometers) arms and two identical laser beams inside — the experiment is designed such that if a gravitational wave passes through Earth, the laser light in one arm of the detector will get compressed while the other expands, creating a tiny change in relative path lengths of the beams arriving at the detector. The warpings of space-time that even the largest gravitational waves make, however, are minuscule — often the size of a few thousandths of a proton or neutron — meaning that LIGO is incredibly sensitive and requires strict maintenance and calibration.
To see how far this sensitivity could be stretched, scientists made calculations of the smallest object that would generate clearly detectable gravitational waves on Earth. It turns out, it would still be pretty big: To be detectable by LIGO, an alien mother ship would need to weigh roughly the same as Jupiter, travel at one-tenth the speed of light, and be within 326,000 light-years of Earth.
Are spaceships of this scale and speed even possible? The researchers don't know, but they hope to squeeze down the ship size to more reasonable proportions as increasingly sensitive gravitational wave (GW) detectors, such as the European Space Agency's 2037 Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, are deployed. The physicists also noted that advanced alien warp drives would create gravitational wave patterns that would be distinguishable from natural sources and that, if detected, these alien waves could even provide humans with clues about how to reverse engineer the technology.
"This is because the shape of the GW signal is entirely dependent on the trajectory of the object," they wrote in the paper. "Thus, as a burst signal is detected, one can attempt to reason the qualities of the transportation mechanism present based on the shape of the GW signal."
By The Black Hole Telescope So Big Yoυ Ϲaп Spot It Iп The Backyard Αstroпomers Αccideпtally Discovered
By The Black Hole Telescope So Big Yoυ Ϲaп Spot It Iп The Backyard Αstroпomers Αccideпtally Discovered
Black holes are the cosmic glυttoпs, coпsυmiпg aпythiпg that approaches too closely, eveп light.Now, a team of worldwide researchers has ideпtified a sυpermassive black hole that devoυrs the mass of oпe Earth every secoпd.
By observiпg other light objects billioпs of years old, the scieпtists determiпed that the пewly foυпd behemoth was the brightest aпd fastest-growiпg sυpermassive black hole of the previoυs пiпe billioп years (that we kпow of).
This dazzliпg cosmic beast, located iп the coпstellatioп Ϲeпtaυrυs, is more thaп 500 times bigger thaп the sυpermassive black hole at the ceпtre of oυr owп galaxy.
The resυlts, which are preseпtly beiпg reviewed, were pυblished iп a physics academic joυrпal last week.
“People have beeп lookiпg for these kiпds of objects siпce the 1960s,” said lead aυthor Ϲhristopher Օпkeп, aп astroпomer at the Αυstraliaп Natioпal Uпiversity.
“Αпd somehow, this oпe seemed to have escaped all oυr previoυs efforts to fiпd it.”
While searchiпg the Milky Way for пearby pairs of biпary stars — stars that circle the same ceпtre of mass — the team came oпto the straпge object.
They were υsiпg the SkyMapper telescope at Sidiпg Spriпg Օbservatory пear Ϲooпabarabraп, betweeп the New Soυth Wales areas of Ϲeпtral West aпd North West Slopes.
Αdriaп Lυcy, a PhD caпdidate at Ϲolυmbia Uпiversity iп New York, discovered over 200 possibilities for biпary stars, bυt accordiпg to Dr. Օпkeп, there was somethiпg pecυliar aboυt them.
Օпe of them tυrпed oυt to be υпlike a biпary system iп every way.
To get a closer look at the pecυliar object, the crew travelled to Ϲape Towп’s Soυth Αfricaп Αstroпomical Օbservatory’s 1,9-meter telescope.
Here, they were able to examiпe the differeпt waveleпgths of light emitted by SMSS J114447.77-430859.3, or J1144 for short.
“Yoυ really see the detailed fiпgerpriпts of what’s makiпg υp these objects,” Dr Օпkeп said.
Αпd it did пot resemble a giaпt star iп aпy way.
Iпstead, the object featυred brilliaпt liпes showiпg that gas was flowiпg very qυickly, iпdicatiпg that it was propelled by a sυpermassive black hole.
Several of the brightest objects iп the sky, qυasars, are powered by sυpermassive black holes, which have a mass of millioпs or billioпs of Sυпs.
From Earth, these brilliaпt objects resemble stars, bυt their light origiпates from the accretioп disc, a riпg of gas, dυst, aпd stars that swirls aroυпd the black hole.
Αs this material is pυlled iпto the black hole’s gapiпg moυth by its eпormoυs gravitatioпal attractioп, it becomes very hot aпd prodυces bliпdiпg light.
“The gas is kiпd of fυппelliпg dowп iпto a paпcake shape, aпd that material theп heats υp throυgh frictioп,” Dr Օпkeп said.
Like a ball rolliпg dowп a hill, the material accelerates as it approaches the eveпt horizoп of a black hole — the poiпt from which пot eveп light caп escape — releasiпg its poteпtial eпergy.
“Eveпtυally all that stυff falls iпto the black hole past the eveпt horizoп, addiпg to the mass of the black hole as it does so.”
This bright, fast-moviпg cloυd of gas eпabled Dr. Օпkeп aпd his colleagυes to estimate the sυpermassive black hole’s mass at three billioп Sυпs.
Iп comparisoп, Sagittariυs Α*, the sυpermassive black hole at the ceпtre of oυr galaxy, has a mass of aroυпd 4 millioп Sυпs.
Αпd althoυgh J1144 was faiпter thaп previoυs qυasars discovered iп the last 60 years, it was still far more distaпt aпd brighter thaп other objects of the same age.
“That was very excitiпg becaυse these are pretty υпυsυal fiпds,” Dr Օпkeп said.
Iп additioп, the scieпtists aпalysed J1144’s brightпess over the last 45 years by aпalysiпg its appearaпce iп earlier data sets.
They discovered that the brightпess of the eпormoυs qυasar remaiпed coпstaпt throυghoυt time, sυggestiпg that its black hole was coпtiпυally coпsυmiпg gas aпd everythiпg else that came its way.
Michael Ϲowley, aп astroпomer at the Qυeeпslaпd Uпiversity of Techпology, said that the sυpermassive black hole’s size iпdicated that it was most likely related with a hυge galaxy.
“Usυally yoυ’ll fiпd that the more massive the black hole, the more massive the galaxy is as well,” said Dr Ϲowley, who was пot iпvolved iп the stυdy.
Keep aп eye oυt for J114 jυst пorth-west of the Soυtherп Ϲross.(Sυpplied: Ϲhristiaп Wolf/ΑNU/IΑU)
This qυasar’s brightпess is aboυt 7,000 times brighter thaп all of the light iп the Milky Way, makiпg it visible from yoυr backyard with the right telescope.
Dr. Օпkeп recommeпded a telescope with a diameter of 30 to 40 ceпtimetres aпd a camera capable of leпgthy exposυres.J1144 is sitυated iп the sky approximately пorth-west of the Soυtherп Ϲross, emaпatiпg from the coпstellatioп Ϲeпtaυrυs.
“It’s jυst right overhead at sυпset at this time of year,” Dr Օпkeп said.
Unidentified flying saucer like object captured on video in Colombia
Unidentified flying saucer like object captured on video in Colombia
On November 1, 2022, a UFO sighting was reported in Pasto, Colombia. According to the witness, who was observing nature in the backyard of their home, they noticed an object suspended about 30 meters away. The object had a strange shape and was rotating in a peculiar way.
The witness decided to go upstairs to get a better view of the object, and observed that it turned red, with a bright, ignited-like color. They attempted to record the object, but were unable to focus due to their nerves. In a second video, they were able to capture the object as it traveled slowly across the sky.
The witness then went outside to continue observing the object, which headed towards some buildings about 200 meters away. Suddenly, the object moved back a bit before gaining speed and heading towards the Galeras volcano. The witness attempted to record this moment, but was unable to locate the object due to the maximum zoom on their cell phone camera and their excitement.
Overall, the witness described the experience as strange and said that they have many doubts about what they saw. They are hesitant to share their videos, fearing that people will not take the sighting seriously. It is not clear what the object could have been, and without additional information, it is difficult to determine the exact nature of the object.
UFO sighting in San Diego leaves residents puzzled
UFO sighting in San Diego leaves residents puzzled
On the evening of October 31, 2021, a UFO sighting was reported in San Diego, California. According to the witness, two round, bright circles were observed in the sky. The circles were stationary and did not appear to be moving. The witness was able to capture a video and a photograph of the unusual object before going inside.Predict
It is not clear what the object could have been, as the witness did not see it arrive or depart. Some possible explanations for the sighting could include unusual atmospheric conditions, a drone or other aircraft, or a hoax. Without further information, it is difficult to determine the exact nature of the object.
Although it is not uncommon for people to encounter strange objects in the sky, such as UFOs, it is important to consider the various theories surrounding these sightings before reaching a conclusion. Some believe that these objects are extraterrestrial visitors or man-made technology, while others think they are natural phenomena.
Countdown to impact as NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) attempts humanity’s first-ever test of planetary defense! The DART spacecraft will intentionally crash into asteroid Dimorphos at 7:14 p.m. ET on Monday, September 26, 2022 to see if kinetic force can change its orbit. Why? If this test is successful, the same technique could be used to deflect an Earth-threatening asteroid in the future, should one ever be discovered.
The #DARTMission's target asteroid is NOT a threat to Earth before, during or after the impact event.
Human Missions to Asteroids, Rockets and Global Warming, Dark Antimatter | Q&A 204
Does the Black Knight satellite really exist? Can JWST explore the Oort cloud? Did we hopelessly contaminate Mars with life? Would I fly on the dearMoon mission without the abort system? Should we do crewed missions to near-earth asteroids? Answers to all these questions and more in this week's Q&A with Fraser Cain!
NASA spacewalk begins outside space station - See helmet cam views and more
U.S. Spacewalk 83 is underway with astronauts Josh Cassada and Frank Rubio installing an ISS Roll Out Solar Array (iROSA) on the "4A power channel on the port truss," according to NASA.
15 Mysterious Archaeological Discoveries That Raise New Questions!
In order to understand the everyday life of our ancestors and to trace the reality of life in days long past, archaeological finds are of immeasurable value. While some artifacts have helped solve some history mysteries, in other cases it's been the other way around. From antique batteries to ancient airplane models to maps that shouldn't even exist, here are some mysterious finds that always raise new questions!
ANCIENT ENGINEERS : ALIENS ON EARTH - FULL HD DOCUMENTARY IN ENGLISH - ORIGINAL V MOVIES
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"What lies behind our evolution? Perhaps the answer to our question lies in our ancestors and their Gods; on this journey through the sands of time we will discover that we are not alone in the universe and that aliens have influenced our evolution."
What has NASA discovered inside Jupiter?
Jupiter is a mysterious gas giant that doesn’t easily reveal its secrets. Being two and a half times more massive than all the planets in the solar system combined, it could easily fit inside almost 1,300 Earth-sized planets. An airliner flying at a cruising speed of 900 km/h would take less than two days to circumnavigate the Earth. However, the same liner would need 21 days to fly around Jupiter! Even though this planet has no solid surface, you can't call it "soft". A pressure of millions of atmospheres and a temperature above that on the Sun's surface - such dismal conditions would await anyone daring to get inside this gas planet. But we'll try to get there anyway. In this video, you’ll find out why Jupiter is so huge; what red spot it has on its surface; what was found inside Jupiter, and if there’s a planet inside this gas giant. Jupiter.
JAMES WEBB TELESCOPE DISCOVERED ARTIFICIAL LIGHTS ON PROXIMA B
There are several ways to tell alien technology exists on another planet. For example, we may be able to see the light of a distant world waver with a massive constellation of satellites. You know the same stuff that's happening on Earth as well with the increasing number of satellites that we push out into orbit. Atmospheric pollution may be detectable from nuclear conflict. While these indicators of technology could also be caused by natural phenomena like orbiting debris or a comet impact, artificial illumination is distinct from the natural light of stars.
The researchers Tabor and Loeb used the long-range high-resolution imagery of the Webb Telescope for alien light hunting test drive in 2021 but since the telescope was not fully
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James Webb Discovers a Galaxy That Could Fundamentally Change Physics!
In July of this year, the time had finally come: After the James Webb telescope had already reached its orbit in Earth's orbit in January, NASA published the first images and data.
Immediately thereafter, the search for the oldest galaxies in the universe began. The researchers were not disappointed, one record was broken after the next and finally, with Ceers-1749, the researchers found what is believed to be the oldest galaxy ever glimpsed by a man-made telescope. Find out why this discovery could turn the world of physics and the previous picture of the origin story of our universe upside down in this video.
What Kind of an Impact did DART Have on Dimorphos? The Science Results are Here
Two tails of dust ejected from the Didymos-Dimorphos asteroid system are seen in new images from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope,
Credit: NASA/ESA
What Kind of an Impact did DART Have on Dimorphos? The Science Results are Here
On September 26th, NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft collided with Dimorphos, the small moonlet that orbits the larger Near-Earth Asteroid (NEA) Didymos. The purpose was to test a planetary defense technique known as the kinetic impact method, where a spacecraft intentionally collides with a Potentially Hazardous Asteroid (PHAs) to alter its course. Based on a post-collision analysis, NASA determined that DART’s impact altered Dimorphos’ orbital period by 33 minutes and caused tons of rock to be ejected from its surface.
Since the collision, NASA has also been monitoring the cloud of ejecta produced by the impact to see how it has since evolved. The purpose of this is to better understand what the DART spacecraft achieved at the impact site, how much of it was delivered by the spacecraft, and how much was due to the recoil produced by the ejection. On December 15th, during the Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union (AGU) in Chicago, members of the DART team provided the preliminary analysis of their findings.
Artist’s impression of the DART mission impacting the moonlet Dimorphos. Credit: ESA
Tom Statler, the program scientist for DART, was one of the presenters at the briefing. As he related in a recent NASA press statement:
“What we can learn from the DART mission is all part of a NASA’s overarching work to understand asteroids and other small bodies in our Solar System. Impacting the asteroid was just the start. Now we use the observations to study what these bodies are made of and how they were formed – as well as how to defend our planet should there ever be an asteroid headed our way.”
The team’s report consists of a detailed analysis of all the science and engineering data that focused on measuring the momentum transfer imparted by the DART spacecraft – which was traveling at roughly 22,530 km/h (14,000 mph) when it struck. Being able to predict momentum transfer accurately is vital to planning future kinetic impact missions in the event that an asteroid is likely to impact Earth. This includes determining the impactor’s size and estimating the lead time needed to push an asteroid off its path.
Based on observations before and after, the team learned that Dimorphos and Didymos have very similar compositions. Both are composed of chondrite, rocky material that formed from dust and small grains in the early Solar System, the same material found in the most common type of meteorite to impact Earth. These measurements also incorporated telescope images of the ejecta, which accounted for the majority of reflected sunlight by the double-asteroid in the days following the impact. These showed how solar radiation pressure stretched the ejecta stream into a twin tail (similar to what comets form) that measures about 10,000 km (6,200 mi).
The last complete image of asteroid moonlet Dimorphos, taken by the DRACO imager on NASA’s DART mission 2 seconds before impact. Credits: NASA/Johns Hopkins APL
Scientists also estimate that DART’s impact displaced over a thousand metric tons (two million lbs) of chondrite rock into space – about the same weight as a cargo ship. This data was combined with new information on the moonlet’s composition and the ejecta’s characteristics. They also consulted telescope observations and images taken by DART’s ride-along CubeSat companion – the Light Italian CubseSat Imaging of Asteroids (LICIACube) – contributed by the Italian Space Agency (ASI).
Based on all this data and assuming that Didymos and Dimorphos have the same densities, the team calculated the momentum transferred by the DART impact compared to the recoil generated by the ejected mass. Ultimately, they found that the total energy of the impact and ejecta was roughly 3.6 times greater than if the asteroid had absorbed the spacecraft and produced no ejecta at all. As Andy Cheng, the DART investigation team lead from Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (JHUAPL), explained:
“Momentum transfer is one of the most important things we can measure, because it is information we would need to develop an impactor mission to divert a threatening asteroid. Understanding how a spacecraft impact will change an asteroid’s momentum is key to designing a mitigation strategy for a planetary defense scenario.”
The DART test proved that the kinetic impact technique has the potential to divert an asteroid on approach to Earth. The task now is to apply this knowledge so that future asteroid defense spacecraft can be built and the technique tested further. The success of these tests could mean the difference between the continued safety of all life on Earth (and our civilization) and a massive impact that causes mass extinction someday.
Astronomers Scanned 12 Planets for Alien Signals While They Were in Front of Their Stars
TOI 1338 b is a circumbinary planet orbiting its two stars. It was discovered by TESS.
Image Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Chris Smith
Astronomers Scanned 12 Planets for Alien Signals While They Were in Front of Their Stars
The Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope (GBT), part of the Green Bank Observatory in West Virginia, is the world’s premiere single-dish radio telescope. Between its 100-meter dish (328-foot), unblocked aperture, and excellent surface accuracy, the GBT provides unprecedented sensitivity in the millimeter to meter wavelengths – very high to extremely high frequency (VHF to EHF). Since 2017, it also became one of the main instruments used byBreakthrough Listen and other institutes engaged in the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI).
Recently, an international team of researchers from the SETI Institute, Breakthrough Listen, and multiple universities scanned twelve exoplanets for signs of technological activity (aka. “technosignatures”). Their observations were timed to coincide with the planets passing in front of their sun relative to the observer (i.e., making a transit). While the survey did not detect any definitive evidence of technosignatures, they did identify two radio signals of interest that warrant follow-up observation. This new technique could vastly expand the field of SETI and create all kinds of opportunities for future research.
Frank Drake by the Green Bank Telescope. Credit: NRAO/NSF/AUI
The search for radio signals has been an established SETI convention since the first survey was conducted in 1961. This was Project Ozma, led by the late and legendary Cornell astrophysicist Frank Drake, for whom the Drake Equation is named. In recent years, the field of SETI has expanded considerably, with next-generation radio telescopes and new data analysis techniques (many of which incorporate machine learning) have become available. The kinds of technosignatures researchers could look for are also expanding, with proposals ranging from directed energy and neutrinos to gravitational waves.
Nevertheless, radio transmissions remain the most sought-after technosignature, and radio surveys have advanced exponentially thanks to newly-developed hardware and cutting-edge computational techniques. As Sheikh told Universe Today via email:
“Traditional radio SETI is expanding exponentially, with new sources of funding and new radio telescopes coming on-sky (for example, MeerKAT),”she said. “In addition, many new scientists are getting involved in the field, including both students and experts in other sub-fields who are applying their skills to the technosignature challenge. It’s very exciting to be a part of SETI at such a dynamic point in time!”
However, finding evidence of artificial radio signals remains daunting, requiring powerful arrays, considerable observation time, and immense commitment and patience from research teams. In addition, there is a growing concern among SETI researchers that the majority of search space (not just in terms of physical space but also possible types of technosignatures) is still unexplored. According to Sheikh and her team, this creates the opportunity to mount new projects that could fill the unexplored regions of “parameter space”:
“The classic problem with SETI is the “needle in a haystack” issue – even if someone is trying their hardest to get our attention, space is big, and there are so many forms that a message could take (even if you just restrict the possibility space, or parameter space, to the radio spectrum). So it helps if we try to figure out special places, times, or frequencies that might be more likely locations for messages than any random point.”
The Pioneer Plaque. The diagram in the upper left corner depicts hydrogen undergoing the transition responsible for radio emissions at the wavelength of 21 cm.
Credit: NASA
These are known as “Schelling Points,” a concept from game theory where two or more people arrive at the same solution by default and in the absence of communication. Examples include places like the Galactic Center, where some SETI researchers believe civilizations are most likely to be found, or frequencies like 1420 MHz. Also known as the “hydrogen” or “21-centimeter line.” this frequency corresponds to the change in the energy state of neutral hydrogen. Radio waves at this frequency are considered favorable by SETI researchers since they can penetrate large clouds of dust in the interstellar medium (ISM).
For their study, Sheikh and her colleagues consulted data on 12 exoplanets identified by the Kepler Space Telescope. These planets were detected using Transit Photometry (aka. Transit Photometry), where periodic dips in a star’s luminosity are used to confirm the presence of exoplanets and constrain their size and orbital periods. The GBT gathered data on these Kepler exoplanets as they made transits of their respective stars on March 25th, 2018. The goal was to see if radio transmissions coincided with these transits, a surefire sign of an advanced civilization attempting to communicate. Said Sheikh:
“For this particular project, we used the centers of planetary transits as Schelling Points. In other words, we timed our observations such that the exoplanet-of-interest was lined up with its host star and the solar system. That’s a time that we know (by observing the dip in brightness as the planet passes in front of its star), and it’s a time that any potential life on the exoplanet would also know – therefore, it is “mutually derivable”.”
While it is extremely energy-intensive to transmit a constant message, this method narrows the transmission down to a specific mutually-derivable window. This dramatically reduces the costs of sending messages to space while significantly increasing the odds of detecting messages. Sheikh and her colleagues are the first to use this technique in a radio technosignature search. And while they did not detect any technosignatures, their pioneering study has established a procedure that will make similar surveys much easier to mount in the future.
Artist’s impression of the TRAPPIST-1 system, showing two of its seven planets transiting in front of the star. Credit: NASA
“This was a pilot study for the transits-as-Schelling-points idea, and future research will expand the sample to include significantly more exoplanets,” she concluded. “This is especially relevant with upcoming commensal projects like COSMIC on the ngVLA, which will be surveying the sky almost constantly – with so much new data on the way, knowing exactly when and where to look will help us prioritize potentially real signals over the growing background of radio frequency interference from Earth.”
Aliens on the Rise: NYC Sees Increase in UFO Sightings in 2022
Aliens on the Rise: NYC Sees Increase in UFO Sightings in 2022
The number of reported sightings of UFOs in New York City has increased significantly over the past couple of years. In 2022, the number of sightings increased by 4%. This is the first time that residents of the city have submitted pictures to the UFO reporting center in an attempt to prove that they spotted extraterrestrials.
Although the photos that were submitted by the residents were blurry, the statements that accompanied them suggested that the number of alien visitors has increased.
In total, 13 UFO sightings were reported in Manhattan. Some of these include a series of objects that were spotted in the East River in June, and a large, silent alien craft that was seen flying across the city in August. Queens had the most number of reported sightings with six. Brooklyn had four, Staten Island had three, and the Bronx had two.
The increasing number of reported sightings has raised the question of whether or not something strange is happening in the skies.
Pentagon Forced to Admit: Advanced UFO Technology Remains a Mystery
Pentagon Forced to Admit: Advanced UFO Technology Remains a Mystery
The New York Times published an article in 2017 acknowledging the existence of unidentified flying objects, or UFOs, and the Pentagon’s efforts to keep information about them hidden from the public. This admission sparked a renewed interest in the topic and led to Congress mandating the release of two reports from the Pentagon on the subject.
The first report admitted that in 18 known instances, UFOs demonstrated an advanced technology that was unknown to human science and that the Pentagon had no information to explain it. However, the Pentagon spun the report to say that there was no evidence that the UFOs were alien spacecraft. The second report, released in October, admitted that many UFO sightings did not have conventional explanations and that some of them were possibly related to foreign spying or drones.
Despite these revelations, the Pentagon has continued to try to downplay the significance of the UFO topic and steer the media’s focus away from it.
Filer’s Files Dec. 15 2022 - Ft. Dix McGuire Alien Shot PART I
Ottumwa, Iowa UFO on December 3, 2022
Filer’s Files Dec. 15 2022 - Ft. Dix McGuire Alien Shot - PART I
Merry Christmas and Happy Hanukkah
Major George A. Filer III ret. USAF
New Jersey State Director
MUFON Eastern Region Director
Special reports are: The Fort Dix/McGuire Air Force Runway Incursions by Aliens, Star of Bethlehem, Incursions by Aliens Is there a cosmic bloodline of theStar Gods on Earth?” t, New UFO/UAP Social Network ,Strange Craft, Award of Merit, Carbon 60.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over California, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Mississippi, Nevada, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Virginia, and Washington.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, Canada, Estonia, France, Russia, and England and Scotland in the United Kingdom.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force and DOD investigated UFOs for more than forty years; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFOs and aliens are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
Forward these files to your friends and neighbors.
Special Projects
The Fort Dix/McGuire Air Force Runway Incursions by Purported Aliens
By Bob Spearing ,Director of International Investigations
P-38 Lightning at McGuire AFB
Anyone familiar with UFOlogy folklore is aware of the very high strangeness case that occurred on January 18, 1978 at McGuire Air Force Base in New Jersey when an alien was allegedly reported shot dead on the tarmac of one of McGuire’s runways. The initial account came from MUFON New Jersey’s long time State Director, Major George Filer, who had a number of other incidents in his career as a pilot. This is his most famous report. It is well documented. However, not everyone in the UFO community is in consensus that it happened. For example, NICAP, another long time UFO Investigative entity, has closed their investigation of Filer’s report as being a hoax. Before I delve into NEW EVIDENCE suggesting the case has legitimate legs, lets do a synopsis of the original event.
Mrajor Filer, was privy to information that morning on his way to a security briefing, that an entity had breached the base’s perimeter. Earlier that morning around 2:00 A.M. the base’s military police were following an oval shaped unknown flying object with a bluish-green glow. The intruder, similar to a typical Grey Alien, was shot by the Army military police when it stepped into the headlights of a vehicle. The police were stopped watching the craft hovering in a possible attempt to retrieve the entity. The alleged Alien Grey died shortly afterwards on the McGuire Runway. The corpse smelled noxious like ammonia. Photos were taken. Shortly afterwards, Men in Black (MIB) types, possibly from Washington D.C. came in with special forces type soldiers and “sanitized” the event. One witness Major Filer spoke to stated “UFOs were all over the place!”
Aircraft from Wright Patterson AFB Picked up the Alien Body
So, did it happen? It is an extraordinary account and it has been subject to ridicule. Was Filer hoaxing something? It was first reported to the N.J. newspaper called the Trentonian in 2007.
A search of MUFON’s extraordinary 125,000 case database suggests Major Filer wasn’t faking ANYTHING! Let’s look at some correlating or similar cases that seem to validate Major Filer’s account and then on to a recently found witness who has come forward!
According to NICAP, on Oct. 14, 1972 at approximately 2:00 P.M. at McChord Air Force Base in Washington State, “two airmen were instructed to check the tactical air navigational (TACAN) facility located eight miles east of McChord Air Force Base. The TACAN site was situated on government land maintained by the United States Army. Briggs and Hillsgeck drove to the TACAN site at approximately 1300 hours. Upon their arrival, they opened the locked fence surrounding the TACAN facility and entered the compound. Once inside the compound, they opened the TACAN building and began to conduct a “systems” check of the TACAN equipment. Briggs heard a strange sound outside the building. According to Briggs, it sounded like a high pitch engine. Briggs exited the building to investigate the sound. Once outside, Briggs observed a saucer shaped object directly above the TACAN building. Briggs watched as the object landed just south of the TACAN compound. Briggs was startled by the object and entered the TACAN building to summoned Hillsgeck. Once Hillsgeck and Briggs exited the building together, they observed two “creatures” walking towards the fence.”
What we can gather from this report is that an object, disc shaped, and similar to the McGuire oval was over a military base and “creatures” were seen that could be construed as similar to what Filer was told.
Recently NJ. MUFON’s Chief Investigator Glenn Green reported in Filer’s Files on MUFON Case # 102608, January 18, 1978.
According to this witness to Major Filer’s story, “On 18 January 1978, on the border of Fort Dix and McGuire AFB, just off of Texas Ave in Fort Dix, {I was} on the way to an area called Freedom Ridge. The place where soldiers display military operations for basic trainees and VIPs get to observe military displays. I was a soldier (Medic) that covered the gun ranges throughout Fort Dix. I had an assistant driver to the ambulance vehicle, who was at that time, a Sgt, a native Panamanian American, who was a supervisor. That night we were going to relieve the first shift at Freedom Ridge, and travelled via Texas Ave to the point where we would turn on Range Road, then go straight to Freedom Ridge. That’s when I saw the crafts flying around and I informed the Sgt. That didn’t go well, since he was super-superstitious about these things. He instructed Me to keep straight to the Ridge and not stop. I maneuvered and parked. Soon after I heard a couple of shots. I left the vehicle to the dismay of the Sgt. I wasn’t scared at all. Then I saw the craft and at the same time heard, then saw military vehicles, along with civilian police cars, which weren’t supposed to be on post. I was now on the fence between bases and observed an entity crossing the fence, maybe through some opening, not sure. All I know was that now we were face to face. Then I felt the anxiety of the entity, and what was happening mentally from it.
Several UFOS Landed with aliens Searching for Companion
I had the feeling it was running from someone and trying to return to its craft. It impressed the urgency it had to return with others that were around chasing it, trying to harm it. While this was going on, I remained in contact with my Sgt of the happenings only to find out that he was just sitting there in a blank stare forward. I would turn back to the entity every once in a while, to keep both within sight. It seemed like the entity wanted to impart on me the urgency of its survival. Mentally, I think it was communicating with me. I could almost see everything that was going on through its thoughts. There was a tremendous commotion going on in McGuire AFB, with MP vehicles driving erratically Fast, up and down the airfield too. “
The witness continues “You see, I’m the rest of the story never told on that day, that became the Fort Dix/McGuire AFB Flap/Incident. It’s been a mystery since that they never asked about my side, and I did report it the next morning even though my Sgt kept insisting to do nothing especially report it. He was still very frightened. A matter of fact, that night when we finally got to Freedom Ridge, besides being late, which is another story, he had a severe headache all night, until he finally passed out on his cot. The soldiers waiting to be relieved were angry about us getting late, because we got there after 11:30, when we were supposed to get there around 7 or so, yet it was around 11:30, but our watches reflected about 7:30 or so.
We lost time somewhere, which only made the Sgt and the other NCOs very angry, because they didn’t appreciate the lateness and wasn’t excepting {accepting} excuses. I had a clue of what may have happened, missing time. The story I’m telling You has been sent several times throughout the past 40 years, without anyone ever asking for My side of the story. Why? I don’t know. Strangely enough, I didn’t know anyone else had experienced on the Air Force side this exact situation, until approximately the mid-80s when I read a report in another UFO site, which made me glad to know it had happened, which vindicated me as well. That’s why I said this is the rest of the story, like Paul Harvey used to say.”
The reader will notice several interesting oddities. First the witness mentions more than one craft. Then talks about only one. Filer only mentioned one craft but a person he interviewed said there were more.
Additionally, this witness made mental contact with the entity and lost time. Lost time is a hallmark of abduction. How would abduction play into a narrative taking place on a runway with an escaping entity fighting for its life. Why would a UFO abduct soldiers in the middle of a failed extraction mission for one of their own for 3+ hours? It’s not reasonable to assume missing time occurred. Moreover, Filer’s account suggests the incident occurred about 2:00 AM. This witness mentions 3 hours of lost time between 7 and 11:30. Are we talking AM the next morning 30 minutes before Filer’s version or did their version of events occur at 7 :00 PM beginning and ending many hours before Filer’s account at about 2:00 AM on January 18th? This is a problem of inconsistency between this witness and Filer’s account. It will, most likely, never be resolved at this point unless perhaps memories fail is an answer or two separate incidents were taking place at the base over a long number of hours.
Finally, if we look at this account with a detective’s lens, we know the entity was shot dead. The witness in this case says he heard shots and exited his vehicle only to be confronted by an entity that was still alive and well. Is this an inconsistency or did this witness see additional events such as a subsequent execution of the entity but has chosen to eliminate that portion of events from his narrative for safety or psychological reasons?
Another correlating case occurred eleven years later at McGuire AFB per MUFON Case # 81327. It occurred on Jan 1, 1989 at Gate 6, McGuire Air Force Base, when an entity climbed over one fence and then a second fence.
The witness narrative states“While standing at Gate 6 in McGuire Air Force Base looking into the woods and at a fence, a small 4-foot hairy entity with big eyes and possibly naked climbed quickly over the fence, stopped, looked at me, then proceeded to jump another fence and disappear. It was humanoid but not human.”
Hairy Alien
Hairy! That’s a new wrinkle! Naked I was already acclimated to but now we have hairy! Bigfoot perhaps? They are known to frequent UFOs!
He continues “later, when telling the story to another military serviceman, he told me that the base’s water treatment plant operator saw an identical creature recently.” That’s three possible entity accounts at McGuire!
Notice that this is the second case occurring in January at the base. More interestingly is that this witness saw the entity hop two fences. McGuire/Fort Dix is a joint Army/Air Force Base. Was this entity crossing between perimeters? Interestingly enough, in our previous case above #102608 from January 18, 1978 our witness states “I was now on the fence between bases and observed an entity crossing the fence, maybe through some opening, not sure.”
Tal l wire fence between Ft. Dix and Mcguire
Was the entity in both cases seen at precisely the same spot? That would be beyond coincidence! It would suggest something special about this juncture between Dix and McGuire. This strange double fence detail actually strengthens both story’s credibility’s considerably. Where there is smoke there’s fire. When everything looks like a duck, it most likely is a duck!
A final witness emerges!
MUFON Case # 89649 concerns January 18, 1978 at McGuire. The witness states “I have information passed to me by my father from his time in the military, as well as a personal account of being questioned by what I believe were government agents approximately 6 years after my father’s passing in 1999.”
The anonymous witness was born 1933 died 1993. He was a lifelong Navy pilot in Korea and Vietnam with photos of that era of UfO encounters. He was also a patriot. So why lie! His son Derek is the reporting party forwarding a report to MUFON about what his father saw that day. The father witnessed part of an elite clean up unit of alien remains. This validates what Filer was told. The father told his son that the alien remains were sent to Colorado after clean up to a facility called Raven Mountain, a.k.a. Site R which also serves as a nuclear bunker. Please see Wikipedia for a detailed explanation of Raven Mountain/Site R. Pennsylvania.
Alleged Alien Body Probably Copied for media
The father apparently took or had access to photos and took them home. One day, seemingly in 1999, government agents, Men in Black (MIBs perhaps) confiscated photos the father had taken. These MIBs showed up at his mother’s house as well as his sibling’s houses looking for photo evidence. His mother possessed a red box with entity photos. These were confiscated along with Vietnam Ufo photos. Derek, the son, never understood how the MIBs knew his mother possessed the photos. Derek stated that when he saw the photos prior to confiscation, he saw 5 foot alien greys with big eyes dead in fetal position on runway. Long time UFO Investigator Leonard Stringfield may have investigated this incident.
So, what can we conclude? Two things! Four things if our final witness is sincere. First, Major George Filer’s account can be corroborated concerning the 1978 event. Second, entities were seen at other U.S. Military installations scaling fences. Third, McGuire is known to have nuke storage capability. There is a apparently a U.S. Military Unit specifically designed to clean up evidence of UFO encounters at a site or to confiscate any evidence that could provide proof of intervention by unknown agents”
The U.S. Government clearly knows “They” are here from my analysis!
Bible Reports the Star of Bethlehem
The Bible states, “Jesus was born in the town of Bethlehem, in Judea, during the reign of King Herod.” At about that time some magi (wise men) from the east arrived in Jerusalem, asking, ‘Where is the new born King of the Jews?’ for we have seen his star in the east, and have come to worship him.”
“After they had heard the king, they went on their way, and the star they had seen in the east, went ahead of them until it stopped over the place where the child was. When they saw the star they were overjoyed. On coming to the house, they saw the young child with his mother Mary, and bowed down and worshipped him. Then they opened their gifts of gold and of incense and of myrrh.” (Mathew-2.)
Editor’s Note
A fourteenth century fresco of the Madonna and Child and St Giovannino, in the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence, attributed to the 15 Century school of Filippo Lippi. Ddepicted on the top right side the image of a UFO hovering in the distance. A blow up of this fresco reveals tremendous details about this UFO including port holes. It seems to indicate a religious involvement between UFO’s and the appearance of the Christ Child.
Magi or wise men were astronomers or astrologers who lived in Persia or Babylonia hundreds of miles to the northwest of Jerusalem. They arrived in Jerusalem and spoke to King Herod indicating they were likely of high rank possibly Kings or messengers from kings. We assume they were excellent witnesses. They had followed a star light for a great distance to get to Jerusalem. Now, they were overjoyed to see the same star that led them to Bethlehem five miles due south of Jerusalem. According to the scriptures the star moved south and stopped over the house where Jesus lived. Stars appear to cross the sky from east to west at 15 degrees per hour as the Earth rotates and do not stop or change direction. It would be difficult for the wise men to follow a star as Quick as they move both day and night, and a miracle would be required for it to stop. And change direction one possible explanation is that they followed the light of a bright UFO. Of course God and his angels can do almost anything but the Bible is describing a light moving in weird directions from normal star movement.
“Is there a cosmic bloodline of the Star Gods on Earth?”
We Are the Aliens
The Human Genome sequence was finished in 2001. That is 3,000,000,000 bits of information were decoded and put in order
Clark C. McClelland former NASA Spacecraft Operator writes, “Blood factors are exact. Modern man and the Rhesus monkey do appear to have had a past, ancient, common ancestor. Importantly, this does not include people with the Rh negative blood factor. “The Early European race is characterized by a people with high per cent of Rh-negatives. However, all other earthly primates (Apes, Gorillas, etc.) have this Rh positive blood factory!”
“Rhesus monkey, (Macaca mulatta), sand-coloured primate native to forests but also found coexisting with humans in northern India, Nepal, eastern and southern China, and northern Southeast Asia.. Rhesus monkey is held sacred in some parts of India and is the object of tolerant affection on the part of many Brahmans. It is especially common around temples where groups may number 50 to 200 monkeys or more, whereas in forests 12 to 20 is usual. The determination of the Rh (from rhesus) factor in human blood involves reaction with the blood of this monkey, and a Rhesus is thought to be millions of years old and other macaques are classified in the family Cercopithecidae (the Old World monkeys).
If we all evolved from the same Cosmic, Godly source, all the human racial groups would have a logical, compatible blood. The fact is Rh positive and negative blood is not compatible. Do these differences indicate any proof, that some of our descendants were of the ancient astronaut variety? You can bet on it!”
Rhesus Monkey
The Rh factor is another well known blood group, referring to the “positive” or “negative” in blood types, such as A-positive or B-negative. (The Rh refers to Rhesus macaques, which were used in early studies of the blood group.) People who are Rh-positive have Rh antigens on their red blood cells; people who are Rh-negative don’t and produce antibodies that will attack Rh positive antigens. It is possible the RH negative people’s ancestors were not monkeys or similar animals and may be related to a different relations such as aliens. The Nordic Aliens look entirely human and may be related or our forefather’s to Rh-negative persons. Nordic Aliens look entirely human we can speculate and may be related to Rh-negative persons
The Rh blood group plays a role in the sometimes fatal blood disease erythroblastosis fetalis that can develop in newborns if an Rh-negative women gives birth to an Rh-positive baby and her antibodies attack her child. If your next baby is Rh positive, the mother’s Rh negative antibodies can cross the placenta and damage the baby’s red blood cells. This could lead to life-threatening anemia, a condition in which red blood cells are destroyed faster than the baby’s body can replace them. Red blood cells are needed to carry oxygen throughout the body.
On a geologic timescale, the emergence of the human “dataome” is like a sudden invasion by extraterrestrials (ET). In fact we seem to be coming more like ET.
But the strangest thing of all is how humans generate, exploit, and propagate information that is not encoded in our heritable genetic material, yet travels with us through time and space. Not only is much of that information represented in purely symbolic forms—alphabets, languages, binary codes—it is also represented in each brick, alloy, machine, and structure we build from the materials around us. Even the symbolic stuff is instantiated in some material form or the other, whether as ink on pages or electrical charges in nanoscale pieces of silicon. y
Most people have never heard of the numerous other blood groups—such as the MN, Diego, Kidd and Kell—probably because they trigger smaller or less frequent immune reactions.
The human genome is about 3,000,000,000 DNA base pairs long. This long stretch of molecular code is responsible for the development—initially over a period of nine months and then decades in totality—of the trillions of the adult cells that make up the human body. Clearly, it is impossible for any scientist or even a worldwide consortium of scientists to have tested, one by one, all of these DNA base pairs in all of these cells at all of these points in time. Science claims human life developed from the primordial soup into a one celled organism and organized itself into 3,000,000,000 DNA base pairs long. There is likely another solution. Thanks to Clark C. McClelland.
The term ’blood group’ usually refers to an individual’s combination of Red Blood Cell (RBC) surface antigens. Antigens are specific sites on different proteins, glycoproteins or glycolipids that form parts of the RBC membrane which the immune system can interact with.
ABO Blood Gtoups
The ABO blood group was discovered in the first decade of the 1900s by Austrian physician Karl Landsteiner. Through a series of experiments, Landsteiner classified blood into the four well-known types. The “type” actually refers to the presence of a particular type of antigen sticking up from the surface of a red blood cell. An antigen is anything that elicits a response from an immune cell called an antibody. Antibodies latch onto foreign substances that enter the body, such as bacteria and viruses, and clump them together for removal by other parts of the immune system. The human body naturally makes antibodies that will attack certain types of red-blood-cell antigens. For example, people with type A blood have A antigens on their red blood cells and make antibodies that attack B antigens; people with type B blood have B antigens on their red blood cells and make antibodies that attack A antigens. So, type A people can’t donate their blood to type B people and vice versa. People who are type AB have both A and B antigens on their red blood cells and therefore don’t make any A or B antibodies while people who are type O have no A or B antigens and make both A and B antibodies.
Our dataome looks like a distinct, although entirely symbiotic phenomenon. Homo sapiens arguably only exists as a truly unique species because of our coevolution very simple example can be seen in any of the great works of human literature, from Lao Tzu to Shakespeare. These writings, these informational packages, have found a way to persist through time by attaching themselves to us. We eagerly read them, restructuring our brains to remember them, and we go to great lengths to copy and reproduce these works, again and again across the centuries and in many languages and forms. But these texts aren’t just memes; they’re more like parts of a budded-off extended human phenotype that has its own processes and its own capacity to pressure the world around it to try to ensure its survival.
In the course of life’s three-to-four-billion-year history on Earth, it doesn’t seem that anything exactly like this has actually happened before. On a geologic timescale, the emergence of the human dataome is like a sudden alien invasion, or an asteroid impact that precipitates a mass extinction—changing how energy flows and how the biosphere functions. It’s not just flesh-and-blood life on this world anymore. By a quirk of evolution, our very existence as clever talkative apes has gone hand-in-hand with the unleashing of something else, a new trick for the restructuring of matter in service of a phenomenon with very deep roots in the statistical arrangement of atoms and molecules, in their order and disorder or dispersal: in entropy and its cousin, information.
Editor’s Note: I feel the back engineering of UFOs and help from ETs or God has created a scientific system for quickly advancing our society in numerous ways.
The Author Caleb A. Scharf is director of astrobiology at Columbia University. He is author and co-author of more than 100 scientific research articles in astronomy and astrophysics. Thanks to Caleb A. Scharf, Scientific American
The True Story of an Air Force Intelligence Officer’s Life with UFOs
U.S. Air Force Major George Filer belongs to the generation of pilots and aviators who first became aware of the strange aircraft showing up in the Earth’s atmosphere after World War II. These men – military professionals who flew planes, served as radar operators and air traffic controllers at airfields around the world – began to whisper amongst themselves about encounters with suspected extraterrestrial aircraft.
During secret debriefings at U.S. bases, pilots and air crew told their commanders of seeing UFOs off their plane’s wings. Award-winning investigative author John Guerra spent four years interviewing Filer, a decorated intelligence officer.
From objects in the skies over Cold War Europe to a UFOs over during the Cuban Missile Crisis to lights over the DMZ in Vietnam Filer leaves nothing out about his Air Force UFO encounters,
Filer’s most memorable case – the shooting of an alien at Fort Dix Army Base in 1978 – is fully recounted for the first time in this book. As a member of the Disclosure Project, military experts, astronauts, and scientists urge the U.S. government to release all it knows about UFOs to the public.
Filer describes his UFO encounters in this incredible book, by John L. Guerra.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:FILER FILES - overzicht met foto's met dank aan Georges Filer en WWW.nationalUFOCenter.com (ENG)
Filer’s Files Dec. 15 2022 - Ft. Dix McGuire Alien Shot - PART II
Ottumwa, Iowa UFO on December 3, 2022
Filer’s Files Dec.
15 2022 - Ft. Dix McGuire Alien Shot - PART II
Merry Christmas and Happy Hanukkah
Major George A. Filer III ret. USAF
New Jersey State Director
MUFON Eastern Region Director
Special reports are: The Fort Dix/McGuire Air Force Runway Incursions by Aliens, Star of Bethlehem, Incursions by Aliens Is there a cosmic bloodline of theStar Gods on Earth?” t, New UFO/UAP Social Network ,Strange Craft, Award of Merit, Carbon 60.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over California, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Mississippi, Nevada, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Virginia, and Washington.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, Canada, Estonia, France, Russia, and England and Scotland in the United Kingdom.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force and DOD investigated UFOs for more than forty years; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFOs and aliens are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
Forward these files to your friends and neighbors.
UFO Sightings in the United States
Sightings are from MUFON CMS
California Object
Corona on June 9,2021, I was riding my mountain bike down to the bottom and took a picture of the trail I had just finished traveling. I didn’t see anything, but the next day I was looking at my pictures and noticed the craft in the sky.
Florida Lights
Orlando on November 20, 2022, talking to a neighbor I did not see the craft until I checked my hunting tracker. This craft has no wings and no rotors. It was present for only a second.
Georgia Light
Gainesvilleon December 10,2022, at 06:09 Pm I first caught several weird anomalies on still pictures as I was sitting on my deck. It appeared as a white funnel I then observed a white bright oval shape orb traveling west to east.
Idaho Light
Oldtownon December 9, 2022, at 2345 hours I was standing near my police vehicle at 28 degrees, and I saw a bright orange glowing cigar flying towards me. I took a flash photo and it made a left turn and flew west faster than a plane .
Illinois Object
Harwood heights May 28, 2021, sitting on my rooftop deck I noticed a black object moving NW through the above the landing path for planes landing at O’Hare airport. It appears very small or distant.
Iowa Object
Ottumwaon December 3, 2022, went outside to smoke and noticed a bright trail above going almost straight up, then when it reached a certain height, it shifted and went left and I lost visual pretty quickly.
Mississippi Circle
Pascagoula on April 26, 2022, I was cutting the grass behind a church with a zero turn mower. Saw strange lights that looked like a large flower above the church and 3 orbs of light. Later, saw in daylight circular grass shape about 12 feet in diameter that was very noticeably greener and taller than other grass.
Nevada Lights
Renoon December 6, 2022 at 8:48 PM, we were driving on McCarran and witnessed 3 floating orbs that were glowing and moved in unison with one another. After 3 minutes, two of the lights disappeared.
New Jersey Lights
Newark on August 18, 2021, I saw an orb slowly hover over the top of Applebee’s and then stop. It looked like a mist over metallic chrome. I’m a marine and knew it was not a human craft and got weird mark on my forearm.
North Carolina Red Light
Erwinon December 12, 2022, d riving I 26 west atnd the Moon was bright an shining on the side of the ship that moved in front of the Moon block the Moon light out clearly could see outline of a huge ship.
Ohio Blue Light
Broadview Heights on November 30 , 2022, saw 2 horizontal lines and one looked like Spacelink. Other was blue with square blocks when zoomed in on phone. Weird.
Virginia Light
Bostonon November 30, 2022, hovering light is changing colors and moves in various directions. I have been seeing these for a while now. My daughter and sister next door have seen them as well.
Washington Lights
Portland Airport on June 13 2013, I can see to Clackamas hill at 10:17 pm, and watch planes taking off from PDX with 8 lights flying slow above perfectly in formation. I don’t know if they are lights or planes in the clouds.
Worldwide UFO Sightings
Australia Object
Adelaideon November 24, 2022, witnessed two objects pass by an Alliance jet aircraft from Adelaide to Brisbane.
Canada Object
L’isleton November 7, 2012, my mother had asked me to find photos taken by my Father for his death card Looking through hundred of photos I found this one. It is above the water, but it is strange and could be a UFO.
Estonia Object
Maardu on June 24, 2019, took photos with a Redmi 7 Note phone of a glowing cloud for an hour and a half of UFO in the photos. ball of light. Object with many surrounding lights is clearly visible.
France Object
Challain La Potherie on October 21, 2022, I heard a helicopter hovering around my house Out of curiosity I took a picture of it. By enlarging the photo I saw a black sphere above the device This black dot does not appear on other photos I confirm that I did not fake this photo
Challain La Potherie on November 21, 2022, I heard a helicopter hovering around my house and took a picture of it. By enlarging the photo I saw a black sphere above the device.
Russia Light
Сосновый Бор on November 17, 2022, taken by Xiaomi MIUI found an incomprehensible object, possibly a UFO. I encountered UFOs 3 times, but they looked different Leningrad region at 16.12.
UK/England Object
Newporton August 11, 2022, took a photo as I didn’t know what it was.
Market Drayton on June 17, 2022, square metallic object hovered and moved slowly off to SW. Appeared to have appendages underneath but no wings/propellers. Completely silent. Sighting lasted 1 minute
Uk/Scotland Object
Glasgowon November 20 , 2022, various unusual contrails visible in sky and saw there is an unidentified aerial phenomena trying to hide within far left contrail (arrow) in image.
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Filer’s Files salutes our fighting men and women Georgie Filer and Eddie Pedrick my grandsons who both drowned. These files could not be published without the help of my beloved wife who cooks, cleans, washes, etc., and manages the finances. We pray that God will bless those who read these files spiritually.
NASA has bid farewell to Insight after more than four years of service.
Mission controller announced the demise of the Mars lander Wednesday after two failed attempts to contact the craft.
The team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) said the cause of death was the craft's batteries that ran out of power - a state engineers call a 'dead bus.'
The last time the lander communicated with Earth was December 15, but mission control had previously decided to declare the mission over if Insight missed two communications attempts.
The official Insight Twitter account posted Tuesday what was believed to be the last photo snapped by lander with a Mars lander.
NASA shared a pictured of Insight on Tuesday (pictured), saying this might be the last image from the Mars lander because its batteries were not charging
Insight detected more than 1,300 marsquakes with its French-built seismometer, including several caused by meteoroid strikes, since landing on Mars in 2018.
Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator of NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington, said in a statement: 'I watched the launch and landing of this mission, and while saying goodbye to a spacecraft is always sad, the fascinating science InSight conducted is cause for celebration.
'The seismic data alone from this offers tremendous insights not just into Mars but other rocky bodies, including Earth.'
Insight's final image shows its seismometer, the Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS), a round, dome-shaped instrument.
SEIS has been sitting on the Martian surface to take the 'pulse' or seismic vibrations and provide a glimpse into the planet's internal activity.
InSight also carries two engineering cameras – one mounted on the arm (known as IDC) and the other on the front of the lander (known as ICC), which took this final image.
Earlier this summer, the lander had so little remaining power that the mission turned off Insight's other science instruments to keep the seismometer running.
NASA even turned off the fault protection system that would otherwise automatically shut down the seismometer if the system detected that the lander's power generation was dangerously low.
Insight was tasked with studying the deep interior of Mars to learn how all celestial bodies with rocky surfaces formed, including those on Earth and the moon.
It was only meant to operate for two years, but its mission was extended to four years after it was found to have 'produced exceptional science' by an independent review panel.
Even from the mission's outset, it was clear to NASA staff that it wouldn't be as long-lasting as some of the agency's other projects.
It was known that its solar panels would eventually get covered in Martian dust, making it hard to generate power.
NASA said fitting it with some mechanism that removed the dust 'would have added cost, mass and complexity' that could have hindered its success.
NASA said the scientific results and discoveries obtained by Insight 'has answered many questions, and posed new ones for future explorers.'
NASA shared the final image of the lander as the sun was setting on Mars
Sadly, Martian dust carried by the wind has gradually been gathering on Insight's solar panels, making it hard to generate power. The lander is pictured above in December 2018
Insight landed near Mars' equator on the western side of a flat expanse of lava, Elysium Planitia – and shortly after tweeted its first image
These include the detection of the first quakes on another planet, including the most recent one in May this year.
This Marsquake had an estimated magnitude of 5, with vibrations reverberating through the planet for at least six hours.
Insight also showed that the planet's crust is thinner than expected – about 15 to 25 miles (25 to 40 kilometers) thick, comprising three internal layers.
Laurie Leshin, director of JPL, which manages the mission, said: 'InSight has more than lived up to its name.
'As a scientist who's spent a career studying Mars, it's been a thrill to see what the lander has achieved, thanks to an entire team of people across the globe who helped make this mission a success.
'Yes, it's sad to say goodbye, but InSight's legacy will live on, informing and inspiring.'
Insight's top science results
Detected first quake on another planet
Insight made the first-ever detection of quakes on the Red Planet.
Its onboard seismometer has measured over 1,300 seismic events.
The most recent one, in May 2022, had an estimated magnitude of 5, with vibrations reverberating through the planet for at least six hours.
New information about Mars' three major layers
Insight gathered new information about Mars' three major layers - the crust, mantle and core.
Scientists found that the crust beneath InSight is thinner than expected – about 15 to 25 miles (25 to 40 kilometers) thick, comprising three internal layers.
Found magnetic 'ghosts' from an old electrical field
Insight carried the first-ever magnetometer instrument to the Martian surface, enabling it to detect magnetic signals.
In its early history, Mars had electrical currents flowing inside its molten metal core as the planet cooled rapidly.
That global magnetic field is gone but left behind ghosts: traces of this ancient field 'frozen' in the crustal rocks.
InSight's magnetometer found that ancient rocks between 200 feet (61 meters) and several miles below ground are strongly magnetized.
Spacewalk postponed by Russian space debris - Space Station maneuver needed
The detection of space debris from a Russian Fregat upper stage near the International Space Station has postponed U.S. spacewalk 83 that was scheduled to occur on Dec. 21, 2022.
U.S. Spacewalk 83 will see astronauts Josh Cassada and Frank Rubio installing an ISS Roll Out Solar Array (iROSA) on the "4A power channel on the port truss," according to NASA.
Credit: NASA
Spacewalkers install new roll out solar array on space station in animation
U.S. Spacewalk 83 will see astronauts Josh Cassada and Frank Rubio installing an ISS Roll Out Solar Array (iROSA) on the "4A power channel on the port truss," according to NASA. See an animation of the installation.
Watch the spacewalk live starting at 6:30am ET on Dec. 21, 2022:
Ingenuity soars again on Mars! See flight 37 & 36 footage + stats
NASA's Mars helicopter Ingenuity was back at it again this month with flights on Dec. 17 and Dec. 10. See images and stats from the latest flight and the entire previous flight.
Mars helicopter Ingenuity aces 36th Red Planet flight:
China's rover moves on Mars in awesome video, with AUDIO of deployment!
See footage of China's Zhurong rover moving on the Martian surface. It was captured by a camera the rover deployed on Mars. Also, listen to audio the rover recorded during it deployment onto the surface and descent footage!
Credit:Space.com | footage courtesy: China Central Television / CNSA | produced & edited by Steve Spaleta (http://www.twitter.com/stevespaleta)
Pieces of Missing Spy Plane Found | The Bermuda Triangle: Into Cursed Waters (Season 1)
The team travels to the edge of the Bermuda Triangle to investigate a missing spy plane. See more in this clip from Season 1, "Top Secret Deep."
Watch new episodes of The Bermuda Triangle: Into Cursed Waters, Tuesdays at 10/9c, and stay up to date on all of your favorite The HISTORY Channel shows at history.com/schedule.
An eyewitness spots two aircrafts almost colliding with each other in mid-air. See more in this clip from 3, "Marble Mountain Bigfoot, Waldek Mine Whispers, and UFO Buzzes Jet."
Follow the link to download the game and get your massive, free bonus pack including vehicles, boosters, and more. See you in battle!
We tested the US Military’s secret space weapon
An engineer came up with a plan to drop tungsten telephone poles from space - the idea has been seriously considered on multiple occasions, so we tested it. This video is sponsored by Brilliant.
Inscription Finally Confirms Biblical Record of Hezekiah’s Tunnel
Inscription Finally Confirms Biblical Record of Hezekiah’s Tunnel
Two Israeli archaeologists have successfully deciphered an 8th century BC inscription that was left on a wall in an underground tunnel located just outside the walls of the City of David (ancient Jerusalem). The inscription references the deeds of the legendary King Hezekiah , matching certain passages from the Book of Kings and Book of Chronicles in the Hebrew Bible.
The task of deciphering the enigmatic lines, which were written in Old Hebrew script, was completed by Professor Gershon Galil, head of the Institute for Biblical Studies and Ancient History at Haifa University, and Eli Shukron from the Bible and Ancient History research institute.
According to Galil, the inscriptions include a summation of the King’s primary accomplishments during the first 17 years of his kingship, which began in the late 8th century BC and continued into the early 7th century BC. These inscriptions list Hezekiah’s accomplishments as an infrastructure builder, religious and political leader, military conqueror and accumulator of wealth.
Because of its age and contents, the inscription represents a one-of-a-kind discovery within the context of Israeli archaeology.
“These are actually the earliest manuscripts of the Bible,” Galil said in the Jerusalem Post . “They predate the Ketef Hinnom silver amulets by about 100 years and theDead Sea Scrolls by hundreds of years. They also support the claim that scriptures in the Book of Kings are based on texts originating from chronicles and royal inscriptions, and that the Bible reflects historical reality and not imagination.”
Confirming Hezekiah’s Construction of the Siloam Tunnel
One of the events specifically referenced in the stone tablet’s inscription is the Siloam Tunnel water project, a celebrated infrastructure initiative that represents one of the most remarkable engineering feats of the ancient world.
The tunnel, which covered 1750 feet (533 meters), was designed to siphon waters from the Gihon Spring outside the walls of the City of David to the Pool of Siloam inside those walls. The construction of the tunnel was believed to have been a response to the military threat presented by the Assyrians during Hezekiah’s reign. In case the City of David were to come under siege, the tunnel would guarantee continued access to fresh water from outside the city.
The theory that King Hezekiah ordered the construction of the Siloam Tunnel water project has been widely accepted, but still considered unproven. Some academics have suggested the tunnel was actually built 100 years before the time of Hezekiah. But the newly decoded inscriptions would seem to put the issue to rest once and for all.
“Hezekiah, the son of Ahaz, king of Judah, made the pool and the conduit, in the seventeenth year, in the second (day), in the fourth (month),” the deciphered inscription says in its first two lines.
By Galil’s calculation, this means it was completed in the year 709 BC. Hezekiah is believed to have ascended to the throne in about 726 BC, so it seems he must have ordered the construction of the tunnel in the very early days of his reign.
Left; Hezekiah's Tunnel ( Tamar Hayardeni/ CC BY 3.0 ) Right; Hand-colored photo/print of the site of the Pool of Siloam. (c. 1865)
The Gihon Spring was an underground water source located outside the walls of the ancient City of David (ancient Jerusalem). Its presence made the settlement of the City possible, and it was connected to the areas of settlement by a series of tunnels that allowed access to the spring in some cases and diversion of its water flow in others.
The story of how the Siloam Tunnel was built was revealed in 1880, when explorers in the now-dry underground aqueduct found an inscription on a wall that described the process in detail. But this inscription didn’t contain any text that would prove conclusively that it was built during the time of Hezekiah, as the Bible states in the Book of Kings and Book of Chronicles.
In 1909, another set of engravings was found on a rock wall in an access tunnel leading to the entrance of the Siloam Tunnel. But on initial examination this appeared to include only the frames used to surround inscriptions, with nothing written inside of them. The final verdict was that someone had intended to inscribe something here, but for one reason or another had never gotten around to it.
But Eli Shukron, long recognized as one of the most knowledgeable of all the archaeologists who’ve performed excavations in ancient Jerusalem, wasn’t so sure. He believed there might be faint inscriptions inside the frames that had not previously been detected, because they weren’t obvious to the naked eye. To prove his theory, Shukron recruited Gerston Galil to help him study the rock wall engravings more carefully.
“We took high-quality photos of these ‘frames,’ Professor Galil explained. “It soon became clear that there were indeed exciting and surprising texts there.”
Through their enterprising work, the Israeli archaeologists overturned a consensus that had held sway for more than a century.
“It turned out that there is an extremely impressive inscription there. Though eroded by time, the vast majority of the letters are legible,” Galil said.
In total the newly discovered inscriptions included 11 lines of text, which the archaeologists were able to comprehend in their entirety.
Galil explained that the ancient text was divided into five sections, arranged in literary rather than chronological order. These included the title of the inscription, referencing King Hezekiah, an accounting of his construction of the Siloam water project, a brief mention of his most notable military success (“he smote the Philistines from Ekron to Gaza”), lines about his actions as a religious reformer, and finally a boast about his wealth and the wealth of his kingdom, describing how he’d accumulated “a lot of silver and gold, perfumes and good ointment” in his treasure houses.
“This is an extremely important discovery that changes [some basic assumptions of] research, since until today it was commonly accepted that the kings of Israel and Judah, unlike the kings of the ancient Middle East, did not make themselves royal inscriptions and monuments… to commemorate their achievements,” Galil said.
Even More Confirmatory Evidence Emerges
The results of this new analysis seem conclusive. But Professors Galil and Shukron have produced an additional piece of evidence linking Hezekiah with the Siloam Tunnel . This is in the form of a small rock tablet, which contains a short inscription in Old Hebrew script that the two archaeologists were able to recently decipher, after more than a decade of determined effort.
Hezekiah inscription in Jerusalem
(Photo: Vladimir Neichin, Elad foundation)
The palm-sized tablet was discovered by Eli Shukron and another colleague in a man-made pool inside the Siloam Tunnel in 2007. It was mixed in with a collection of pottery shards that were dated to the 8th century BC.
The artifact contained just two lines of inscribed text, which Galil and Shukron have now translated into modern language. According to the archaeologists, this ancient writing says the following:
“Hezekiah built the pool in Jerusalem.”
So in a very short period of time, the same two archaeologists have produced two separate translations of ancient writings that show King Hezekiah was indeed responsible for the construction of the Siloam water project, as most scholars have long believed.
“In these new inscriptions, there are answers to many issues that scholars have debated for years,” Professor Galil said, speaking of the results of his and Professor Shukron’s work in total. “The inscriptions are evidence that Hezekiah carried out a comprehensive reform (before 709 BC) and even that he conquered Philistia, especially Ekron, and stationed soldiers there (in 712 BC). Moreover, Hezekiah is indeed the king who built the pool and the Siloam Tunnel and not others.”
The contents of the inscriptions and the story of how they were discovered and eventually deciphered will be revealed in full in an upcoming book entitled “The Inscriptions of Hezekiah King of Judah,” which Galil and Shukron will be co-authoring.
Top image:Photo of a replica of the previous Hezekiah’s tunnel inscription
We Could Spread Life to the Milky Way With Comets. But Should We?
Gerald Rhemann captured this incredible image of Comet Leonard when a piece of the comet's tail was disconnected and carried away. Rhemann won Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2022 for the image. Image Credit: Gerald Rhemann
We Could Spread Life to the Milky Way With Comets. But Should We?
Here’s a thorny problem: What if life doesn’t always appear on planets that can support it? What if we find more and more exoplanets and determine that some of them are habitable? What if we also determine that life hasn’t appeared on them yet?
Could we send life-bringing comets to those planets and seed them with terrestrial life? And if we could do that, should we?
This is the question that a new research article in the journal Astrobiology explores. The paper is “Directed Panspermia Using Interstellar Comets.” The authors are Christopher P. McKay, Paul C.W. Davies, and Simon P. Worden. They’re from NASA’s Ames Research Center, the Beyond Center for Fundamental Concepts in Science at Arizona State University, and Breakthrough Initiatives, respectively.
The idea that life spreads throughout the Universe is called panspermia. (Ancient Greek: pan meaning all and sperma meaning seed.) It’s not a new idea. The Greek philosopher Anaxagoras first proposed it back in the 5th century BCE. He wasn’t explicit about it but mentioned that seeds might be part of the Universe. Historians have put two and two together to divine what he meant. Basically, according to panspermia, life exists throughout the Universe and was spread by asteroids, comets, and even space dust—seeds, according to Anaxagoras.
Some researchers have proposed that powerful impacts on planets like Earth or Mars could eject microbe-carrying rocks into space. Mars has lower gravity than Earth, and we know that impacts on Mars have sent rock into space. We’ve found over 270 of them on Earth. Since it happened on Mars, it would’ve happened in other cases and in other solar systems.
We also suspect Mars was inhabited by microbes billions of years ago. This is speculative, but Martian microbes could’ve hitched a ride on impact-ejected rocks and been sufficiently sheltered from the hazards in space to endure a long journey. Eventually, the rock could’ve crashed into another body, and if the heat from the impact didn’t wipe out any surviving microbes and if the body they crashed into was hospitable, life could theoretically spread this way. Multiply that idea by the immense number of collisions in solar systems throughout the Milky Way, and the panspermia idea starts to take shape.
That’s accidental, or natural, panspermia. But if a civilization did this on purpose, it’s called directed panspermia. That’s the subject of the paper, and the civilization is ours.
We don’t know how life originated on Earth. We know some of the necessary conditions, but our knowledge is full of gaps. So by extension, we don’t know how it could originate on other worlds. “We have a scant idea of the appropriate geological/chemical setting for non-life to transform into life, with most of the popular scenarios being largely unproven and no consensus has emerged,” the authors point out.
We know life exists, obviously, and we suspect it may exist elsewhere. But we don’t know if all planets that can support life have life on them. “It may well be that a favourable location for life’s origin is very different from a planetary environment in which life might be successfully sustained over the long term,” the authors write.
Panspermia doesn’t address the question of how life started. It asks us to consider how life might spread from world to world in the Milky Way rather than appear on each world separately. The Milky Way galaxy contains around 200 billion stars. 200 billion stars is an awful lot of solar systems, planets, asteroid belts, Kuiper Belts, and Oort Clouds. If panspermia does occur, it has lots of opportunities.
Our Solar System is a puzzle, and each planet and moon is a piece of it. Mars likely had life in the past, but not anymore, unless it’s somewhere underground, sheltered from the inhospitable surface. There’s intriguing evidence that some of the icy moons, like Enceladus and Europa, have hospitable oceans under thick ice caps. And distant, frigid, Titan is the only body besides Earth with liquid on its surface, though it’s not water. Then there’s itself, a planet that “ripples with life,” in Carl Sagan’s words. Could panspermia be the thread that somehow connects all these pieces?
One of our Solar System’s puzzles is life on Earth and how rapidly it appeared. The young Earth was barely habitable when life appeared. Cellular life might date back as far as 3.95 billion years ago. At that time, Earth had just emerged from the Hadean eon, when our young, barely recognizable planet was wrapped in a thick, carbon dioxide atmosphere and ruled by super-heated conditions.
Some scientists wonder how endogenous life could have appeared so soon after the Hadean. Though there’s a lack of clarity, this thinking does support the idea of panspermia, at least potentially. Earth and other young planets might be able to support life seeded by panspermia before their own life could appear.
Earth’s Hadean Eon is a bit of a mystery to us because geologic evidence from that time is scarce. Tiny zircon grains in ancient rocks in Australia provide most of our clues. But we know it was hot and inhospitable. Could life have emerged so soon after the Hadean? Credit: NASA
Modern thinkers have fleshed out the panspermia idea in detail. We may soon be able to characterize all of the exoplanets in a 100-light-year sphere centred on our Solar System. There are nascent proposals to send spacecraft carrying terrestrial life to any planets that could harbour it. These are largely thought experiments, but time has a way of passing, and someday humanity may have to wrestle with the idea more realistically.
The authors point out that this idea is physically possible (With lots of caveats.) But what about the expense? What about spacecraft reliability?
Nature already produces objects capable of long interstellar voyages: comets. They’ve become part of the discussion around directed panspermia and form the bulk of this research article. “In this article, we build on the foregoing research and propose the concept of directed panspermia using interstellar comets as opposed to dedicated spacecraft,” the authors explain.
“Until recently, the idea that humans could literally sow the seeds of a cosmic transformation having multi-million-year downstream consequences would have been regarded as absurd. But the discovery of interstellar comets has changed all that.”
From “Directed Panspermia Using Interstellar Comets.”
The article is motivated by specific events from the last few years. In 2017, the interstellar object ‘Oumuamua passed through our Solar System. Two years later, the interstellar comet 2I/Borisov also briefly visited our Solar System. They were the first two observed interstellar objects (ISOs) to pass through our system, making Borisov the first comet we’ve seen doing so. These occurrences beg the two-pronged question, how many more ISOs have/will make the same journey?
Artist’s impression of `Oumuamua. According to some research, the object is composed of molecular hydrogen ice, which explains its cigar-like shape. Unfortunately, we don’t have good images of the ISO. Credit: ESO/M. Kornmesser
The discovery of two ISOs in such a short period of time is a result of our technological advancements and the large number of telescopes that watch the skies. There were certainly many others in the Solar System’s long history, and there will be many more in the future. They are likely common, and they present an opportunity, according to the authors.
“Interstellar comets enable low-cost directed panspermia that is potentially wide in scope in terms of the number of possible probes and range ultimately covered,” they write. A 2021 study predicted that a total of about 6.9 objects like 2I/Borisov per year should pass within one AU of the Sun. When the Vera Rubin Observatory comes online sometime in 2023, we’ll start finding these ISOs, maybe five per year.
Comet Borisov is particularly interesting to the authors. Its size is uncertain, but estimates put it as large as 16 km in diameter. That makes it large enough to shelter an inoculant from radiation. It lost mass during its journey through the inner Solar System, but that’s actually good. The dust it left behind “… can be a mechanism for disseminating inoculum,” they explain.
A Hubble image of comet 2I/Borisov speeding through our Solar System. Credit: NASA/ESA/D. Jewitt (UCLA)
The authors explain how comets like Borisov could be used to spread life throughout the Milky Way. Panspermia by ISO would be a combination of natural and directed panspermia. “It combines them effectively, using interstellar comets as transporters of opportunity by adding biological inoculum to the comet without attempting to change its trajectory,” they explain.
The ideal inoculum would be a collection of life forms that could successfully seed different habitats on different exoplanets. “Inoculum for planets with liquid water on the surface, such as Earth and early Mars, may be set to develop rapidly into diverse and complex life evolving in tandem with the planetary environment,” the authors write. For moons like Enceladus, Earthly methanogens might be the most suitable inoculum.
The inoculum needn’t be restricted to single-celled organisms. Small multicellular organisms might make the most sense, at least in some instances. The hardy tardigrades appear in the paper because they can survive the vacuum and radiation in space.
In our Solar System, long-period comets come from the Oort Cloud and are sent into the inner Solar System by passing stars or other objects. But some of them are sent out into interstellar space, and the same thing happens in other solar systems. That’s probably where comet 2I/Borisov originated. Image Credit: NAOJ
If humanity ever undertakes a program of directed panspermia, genetically-modified organisms might play a role. That technology will probably be necessary because there could be a wide variety of habitable worlds that are nothing like Earth. We have them in our Solar System, and the best example might be Titan. It’s the only body other than Earth with surface liquid. “But as synthetic biotechnology advances, we might be able to construct life forms that could thrive on Titan and in other non-water habitats discovered on exoplanets in the future,” the authors explain.
This colourized mosaic from NASA’s Cassini mission shows the most complete view yet of Titan’s northern land of lakes and seas. Saturn’s moon Titan is the only world in our solar system other than Earth that has stable liquid on its surface. The liquid in Titan’s lakes and seas is mostly methane and ethane. Image Credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / Agenzia Spaziale Italiana / USGS
“… merely dropping a few microbes on a habitable but otherwise barren planet would not successfully seed it.”
From “Directed Panspermia Using Interstellar Comets.”
This could all be a wasted effort, and the authors acknowledge that. Is it really as simple as plopping some life forms onto a planet? “A serious argument that might be advanced against panspermia stems from the point of view that life is a planetary phenomenon forming a complex globally distributed web of interdependent organisms that exchange material and information,” they write. “Therefore, merely dropping a few microbes on a habitable but otherwise barren planet would not successfully seed it.”
In that case, the inoculum would have to be a much more custom design. It would have to be a web of its own, designed for a specific environment, that could successfully implement the relationships between life forms that characterize biospheres like Earth’s. That’s a difficult proposition. “Determining the minimal subset of organisms required is a formidable challenge that may require significant advances in our understanding of the web of life.”
Panspermia is far from proven. But scientists keep finding more and more evidence of life’s building blocks in space, including the simple amino glycine on comets. Image Credit: NASA
But things get really tricky when we imagine a future where all of this starts to become possible. We’ll be exploring some of Jupiter’s icy moons soon, and a mission to Titan will likely become a reality. What will we find? If they’re barren but look like they can support life, will we be tempted?
Some familiar, uncomfortable questions arise. The more powerful our technologies become, the more far-reaching the consequences of using them. Technological advancements like genetic modification and climate engineering engender powerful responses as people consider how they could go wrong. These concerns would “… carry over with a vengeance to the purposeful dissemination of life across the galaxy,” the authors write.
‘Now them crazy scientists want to plow ahead and start messing with the entire galaxy,’ some will think, and we can see the headlines and opinion pieces in our mind’s eyes. But we’re nowhere near doing any of this so we can pull ourselves back from the ledge and think soberly about it.
A critical question around directed panspermia poses itself before we even get to the questions of ‘can we’ or ‘should we.’ We simply don’t know how many planets that could support life actually have life. “Astrobiological optimists tend to assume that habitable planets are very likely to be inhabited,” the authors write. But that’s only an assumption.
With all we don’t know, it’s entirely possible that only a tiny fraction of habitable planets and moons have life on them. Maybe there are a billion or more planets and moons that can support life, like blank canvasses, but natural panspermia hasn’t reached them yet. “… it is entirely possible that only an exceedingly small fraction of all habitable planets actually hosts life,” the authors point out.
What if panspermia is a natural part of the Universe, and since we’re a natural part of the Universe, we have a role to play in spreading life? Maybe we even have the duty to do so. Maybe Earth was seeded by directed panspermia. Maybe a long-dead civilization faced what we’re facing now and decided to go for it.
That’s a lot of maybes, but that’s the nature of these questions. Another maybe is that this may be how it goes for civilizations. Maybe civilizations never become the advanced types laid out in the Kardashev Scale. Maybe they reach a point, one that’s quickly approaching for humanity, where the Great Filter looms over all our affairs. Maybe, when civilizations reach that point, all they can do is try to spread life. And the decision might have to be made long before we understand exactly what’s going on with life in the galaxy.
That’s a whole bunch of maybes strung together on an uncertain trajectory. But there’s another string of maybes and what-ifs that leads to caution when we follow it, and the authors outline these concerns.
What if we send life to a planet thinking it’s uninhabited, but it’s only at the very beginning of hosting life? In that case, our good intentions might end in disaster, as that planet’s life is snuffed out by Terran life that outcompetes it.
Artist’s concept of Kepler-69c, a super-Earth-size planet in the habitable zone of a star like our sun, located about 2,700 light-years from Earth in the constellation Cygnus. That’s an awfully long way away, but we’ll likely find planets like it much closer. Could they be targets for directed panspermia? Image Credit: NASA
What if we base our panspermia decisions on biosignatures, but our understanding of biosignatures is too biased towards Earth life? That could also end in disaster as our robust, genetically engineered microbes committed a uni-cellular atrocity and wiped out the planet’s existing life.
Or, our life-bearing comet might find an appropriate uninhabited target and successfully seed it with microbe-carrying dust. But what if it didn’t stop there and seeded other planets that were already inhabited? That’s another disaster, as our good intentions manifest as an invasion or even a weapon.
The situation quickly grows complex. But it leads us back to questions about exactly what happened on Earth.
Early Earth life bubbled along for a long time before photosynthesis appeared. That changed everything, as oxygen became more concentrated in the atmosphere and complex life appeared and took over the planet. What if the genetic ability to perform photosynthesis was seeded through panspermia, either directed or natural? What if life on Earth never made the energy-exploiting jump to photosynthesis without a boost from panspermia?
We’ve got a lot more to learn about comets before any of this even approaches practicality. In 2019, the ESA selected the Comet Interceptor mission from among several candidate missions. They hope to launch it in 2029. The Interceptor will sit and wait at the Sun-Earth L2 point for a suitable Long Period Comet (LPC) to approach the inner Solar System. By 2029, we’ll have more powerful telescopes that can identify a good comet long before it reaches the inner Solar System.
When one is found, the Comet Interceptor will deploy two smaller probes to intercept the comet. The mission is purely scientific. LPCs are pristine objects, holders of clues to the origins of our Solar System. The probes will study the comet in detail and create a rich 3D model of the comet and the region that surrounds it as it moves through space.
An artist’s overview of the mission concept for the Comet Interceptor spacecraft. We need to know a lot more about comets before panspermia is ever a thing. Image Credit: ESA
There will likely be many more comet-exploring missions in the near future. We’ll keep learning about them and which ones might serve as vehicles for panspermia. As time marches on, we’ll get closer to executing some sort of panspermia strategy. Maybe circumstances will force our hand.
The authors say that the idea of directed panspermia has migrated from the outright absurd to something that needs to be thought of more seriously, and the discovery of interstellar comets is responsible. “Until recently, the idea that humans could literally sow the seeds of a cosmic transformation having multi-million-year downstream consequences would have been regarded as absurd,” they write. “But the discovery of interstellar comets has changed all that.”
In their article, the authors outline their vision of a biological Universe. Panspermia’s objective “… is to enhance the richness and diversity of life in the universe,” they say. We don’t have the technology to do it, but future generations will. “Although we currently lack the technology to harness these comets as biological delivery vehicles, there is no difficulty in understanding what is needed to do so and in refining the strategy to achieve the goal of seeding the galaxy with life suitably constructed to thrive in a variety of exoplanetary environments.”
That’s a positive outlook, but there’s a haunting aspect to panspermia, too. All stars burn out and fade away, and no world remains hospitable forever. Maybe natural panspermia leaves too much to chance, and we have a duty to spread life wherever we can because every instance of life faces extinction.
From that vantage point, is there really any difference between directed and natural panspermia? Maybe we’re agents of nature, and we’ll know it’s the right thing to do when we know it’s the right thing to do. Maybe the Great Filter will force our hand, and we’ll take a bold step. Humanity’s boldest step and defining act might be spreading life elsewhere, hoping it can find hospitable cradles throughout the galaxy. The cycle can continue, and life can persist.
Panspermia could be our grand gesture and a tip of the hat to life before we fade away. If it were a scene in a science fiction film, the setting would be a dying, resource-depleted Earth, with its biosphere in tatters and its aging Sun bathing it all in an eerie light. The last few hundred thousand bedraggled humans would gather what resources they could and build one last spacecraft. They’d watch the flare of a rocket one last time, loaded with inoculant and headed for a rendezvous with a suitable interstellar comet that’s passing through our inner Solar System.
That may sound melodramatic, but is there something more dramatic than birth and death on a galactic scale?
“Do not go gentle into that good night. Rage, rage against the dying of the light.”
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
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Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
