Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 12 YEARS AND 11 MONTHS.
ON 06/05/2024 MORE THAN 1.972.210
VISITORS FROM 134 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
04-10-2022
REVEALED: The first images of DART's asteroid crash captured by the tiny LICIACube satellite show the incredible moment NASA's spacecraft smashed into Dimorphos and its bright, messy aftermath
REVEALED: The first images of DART's asteroid crash captured by the tiny LICIACube satellite show the incredible moment NASA's spacecraft smashed into Dimorphos and its bright, messy aftermath
The small LICIACube spacecraft captured the first images NASA's successful DART asteroid crash, including a before and after of the Didymos system and bright debris emanating from the incredible collision
NASA's DART spacecraft completed its mission to crash into an asteroid in the first planetary defense test on Monday at 7:14 pm ET
The mission aimed to nudge the asteroid from its orbit, but NASA won't know the results for two months
The space agency's technique could be used in the future to prevent an asteroid from colliding with Earth
fter NASA's DART spacecraft successfully completed its first planetary defense test last night, the tiny Light Italian Cubesat for Imaging of Asteroids (LICIACube) spacecraft captured the moment in its messy glory.
The Italian space agency released a series of images this afternoon that show a before-and-after comparison of the Didymos asteroid system and a bright burst of debris surrounding Dimorphos.
LICIACube is tiny, contaiAns two optical cameras and weighs about 31 pounds. The small spacecraft hitched a ride with DART, which deployed the cubesat on Sept. 11, and is operated from a mission control center in Turin, Italy.
'We're really very proud,' Elisabetta Dotto, science team lead at Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), said during a news conference held in Italian on Tuesday.
After NASA 's DART spacecraft successfully completed its first planetary defense test last night, the tiny Light Italian Cubesat for Imaging of Asteroids (LICIACube) spacecraft captured the moment in its messy glory
The Italian space agency released a series of images this afternoon that show a before-and-after comparison of the Didymos asteroid system and a bright burst of debris surrounding Dimorphos
The images will help researchers gain a better understanding of Dimorphos' structure and composition, Dotto explained, noting that there will be more images released in the coming days.
In the last image, Dimorphos is blanketed by bright and hazy debris.
'Dimorphos is completely covered really by this by this emission of dust and detritus produced by the impact,' Dotto said, according to Space.com.
On Monday, the LICIACube stayed at a safe distance as DART zoomed into its target, but then performed a perfectly timed drive-by past the impact site a few minutes later.
The small but mighty craft is now conducting Italy's first deep-space mission and will continue to beam images back to Earth.
NASA's DART mission slammed into Dimorphos, a smaller space rock circling a larger asteroid called Didymos, to see if it could throw off the orbit of a potential future asteroid that was threatening life on Earth. Scientists will be watching the Didymos system closely to see how much Dimorphos' orbit actually changed - those results won't come for at least another two months.
Confirmation of NASA's successful planetary defense test came seconds after the 7:14 ET (00:14 BST) 14,000 mph collision, sparking applause among the ground team at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory in Maryland. 'Impact success!' NASA tweeted after the DART spacecraft collided with the 560 foot asteroid, around 6.7 million miles away from Earth.
'We're really very proud,' Elisabetta Dotto, science team lead at Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), said during a news conference held in Italian on Tuesday
LICIACube is tiny, contains two optical cameras and weighs about 31 pounds. The tiny spacecraft hitched a ride with DART, which deployed the cubesat on Sept. 11, and is operated from a mission control center in Turin, Italy
By striking Dimorphos head on, NASA hopes it pushed it into a smaller orbit, shaving 10 minutes off the time it takes to circle Didymos, which is currently 11 hours and 55 minutes.
The space probe used what is called kinetic impact, which involves sending one or more large, high-speed spacecraft into the path of an approaching near-earth object.
Such a mission may evoke memories of a Hollywood disaster movie such as Armageddon, but this is very much real and could save Earth from colliding with a deadly space rock.
The last complete image of asteroid moonlet Dimorphos, taken by the DRACO imager on NASA's DART (Double Asteroid Redirection Test) mission from 7 miles (12 kilometers) from the asteroid and 2 seconds before impact
NASA's DART successfully impacted the Dimorphos asteroid on Monday at 7:14pm ET. This is the first planetary defense test and it could be used to save Earth. Pictured is an image from the DART satellite just before impact
Confirmation came seconds after the 7:14pm ET collision, sparking an applause among the ground team at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
The last image to contain a complete view of asteroid Didymos (top left) and its moonlet, Dimorphos, about 2.5 minutes before the impact of NASA's DART spacecraft, taken by the on board DRACO imager from a distance of 571 miles (920 kilometeres)
DART is the world’s first planetary defense test mission.
It comprises a satellite that's crashed into the small moonlet asteroid Dimorphos, which orbits a larger companion asteroid called Didymos.
The satellite was intentionally crashed into the asteroid to slightly change the latter's orbit.
Dimorphos is about 525 feet in diameter, and although it doesn't pose a danger to Earth, NASA wants to measure the asteroid's altered orbit caused by the collision.
Post-impact observations from Earth-based optical telescopes and planetary radars will measure the change in Dimorphos' orbit around Didymos, according to NASA.
This demonstration of planetary defense will inform future missions that could one day save Earth from a deadly asteroid impact.
NASA Administrator Bill Nelson congratulated the DART team shortly after the mission was completed, highlighting how the successful test could one day save humanity.
'We are showing that planetary defense is a global endeavor, and it is very possible to save our planet,' Nelson said.
Elon Musk's SpaceX also applauded NASA on the successful mission.
'Congratulations on successfully crashing a spacecraft into an asteroid,' the billionaire entrepreneur's company said in its tweet.
The US space agency's staff cheered and clapped in a video shared online as the vending machine-sized spacecraft successfully smashed into Dimorphos, which is the size of a football stadium.
'And we have impact. A triumph for humanity in the name of planetary defense,' a member of NASA's team said in a video recorded in the control room as the collision took place.
The asteroid's bread bun shape and rocky surface finally came into clear view in the last few minutes as DART raced toward it.
'Woo hoo,' exclaimed Johns Hopkins mission systems engineer Elena Adams. 'We're seeing Dimorphos, so wonderful, wonderful.'
With an image beaming back to Earth every second, Adams and other ground controllers in Laurel, Maryland, watched with growing excitement as Dimorphos loomed larger and larger in the field of view alongside its bigger companion.
As the craft propelled itself autonomously for the mission's final four hours like a self-guided missile, its imager started to beam down the very first pictures of Dimorphos, before slamming into its surface.
'Impact success!' NASA tweeted after the DART spacecraft collided with the 170-metre wide (560ft) asteroid, around 6.8 million miles away from Earth. SpaceX replied: 'Congratulations on successfully crashing a spacecraft into an asteroid!'
This astonishing image from NASA shows asteroid Dimorphos as seen by the DART spacecraft 11 seconds before impact. DART’s on board DRACO imager captured this image from a distance of 42 miles (68 kilometers). This image was the last to contain all of Dimorphos in the field of view
The closer DART got, the more detailed the asteroid appeared and the last shot was an up-close image of the asteroid's rocky surface - before the screen went black.
In a live question-and-answer session after the crash, senior leaders from NASA and Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory said the mission was 'straight down the middle' and nothing went wrong.
Engineers said DART is completely destroyed, but there might be pieces of it in the crater it left during impact - and some of the team said they shed a tear knowing the craft is now gone.
Adams said the craft landed 55 feet from the targeted landing site, but still enough to assume it was a success.
'It was basically a bullseye. I think, as far as we can tell, the first planetary defense test was a success, and we can clap to that,' she said in a post-mission press conference.
'Earthlings should sleep better, and I definitely will.'
Didymos (left corner) and Dimorphos (back, right) are currently making their closest approach to Earth in years, passing at a distance of about 6.7 million miles from our planet. The livestream showed the twin asteroids getting larger as the craft got closer
A toaster-sized satellite called LICIACube, which already separated from DART a few weeks ago, made a close pass of the site to capture images of the collision and the ejecta - the pulverized rock thrown off by impact.
DART launched aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket last November, which was called NASA's 'Armageddon moment'.
DART 'is something of a replay of Bruce Willis's movie, "Armageddon", although that was totally fictional,' Nelson said in a November interview referring the 1998 film that saw teams travel to an asteroid heading to Earth with the hopes of destroying it before impact.
Didymos and Dimorphos are currently making their closest approach to Earth in years, passing at a distance of about 6.7 million miles from our planet.
The European Space Agency (ESA) is launching a mission in 2024 that will send a probe to Dimorphos and Didymos to study the pair in greater detail.
DIMORPHOS AND DIDYMOS
Dimorphos completes an orbit around Didymos every 11 hours and 55 minutes. It was discovered in 1996 by the Spacewatch survey at Kitt Peak.
The asteroid is classified as both a potentially hazardous asteroid and a near-Earth object.
Orbiting Didymos is a 'moonlet' called Dimorphos, which was found in 2003.
An asteroid the size of Dimorphos could cause a continent-wide destruction on Earth, while the impact of one the size of the larger Didymos would be felt worldwide.
NASA emphasized that the asteroids in question pose no threat to our home planet, but were chosen because they can be observed from ground-based telescopes here on Earth.
Andy Rivkin, of JPL's 's applied physics laboratory, and Dart investigation team lead, said Monday that the two asteroids are perfect to test this planetary defense test.
'We needed something with a moon that was small enough that we could move it with a strike from a from a spacecraft, but not so small that we wrecked the moon,' Rivkin continued.
'So when you kind of tick off all the possibilities, Didymos ended up as the best choice, and really the only choice, that would provide a mission in this time period.'
Telescopes were also watching and studying from afar, including NASA's new $10 billion James Webb observatory, while DART will also return images to Earth at the rate of one per second as it heads towards its 'deep impact'.
The theory is that if an asteroid was on a collision course with Earth, you would only need to change its velocity by a small amount to alter its path so that it misses us, provided this was done far enough in advance.
Rome-based Virtual Telescope Project has also teamed up with several observatories in South Africa, and will be showing the target asteroid in real-time at the moment of the scheduled impact.
The change in the orbital period will be measured by telescopes on Earth. The minimum change for the mission to be considered a success is 73 seconds.
The DART technique could prove useful for altering the course of an asteroid years or decades before it bears down on Earth with the potential for catastrophe.
NASA considers any near-Earth object 'potentially hazardous' if it comes within 0.05 astronomical units (4.6 million miles) and measures more than 460 feet in diameter.
More than 27,000 near-Earth asteroids have been cataloged but none currently pose a danger to our planet.
The Double Asteroid Redirection Test was launched last November ahead of a year-long journey to crash into the small asteroid Dimorphos, which orbits a larger one called Didymos
Brace for impact: NASA's first ever 'planetary defense' spacecraft – sent to deflect an asteroid 6.8 million miles from Earth – hit Monday, September 26. The graphic above shows how the mission worked
DEFLECTING AN ASTEROID WOULD REQUIRE 'MULTIPLE BUMPS', STUDY SAYS
Deflecting an asteroid such as Bennu, which has a small chance of hitting Earth in about a century and a half, could require multiple small impacts from some sort of massive human-made deflection device, according to experts.
Scientists in California have been firing projectiles at meteorites to simulate the best methods of altering the course of an asteroid so that it wouldn't hit Earth.
According to the results so far, an asteroid like Bennu that is rich in carbon could need several small bumps to charge its course.
Bennu, which is about a third of a mile wide, has a slightly greater chance of hitting Earth than previously thought, NASA revealed earlier this month.
The space agency upgraded the risk of Bennu impacting Earth at some point over the next 300 years to one in 1,750.
Bennu also has a one-in-2,700 chance of hitting Earth on the afternoon of September 24, 2182, according to the NASA study.
Scientists have been seriously considering how to stop an asteroid from ever hitting Earth since the 1960s, but previous approaches have generally involved theories on how to blow the cosmic object into thousands of pieces.
The problem with this is these pieces could potentially zoom towards Earth and present almost as dangerous and humanity-threatening an issue as the original asteroid.
A more recent approach, called kinetic impact deflection (KID), involves firing something into space that more gently bumps the asteroid off course, away from Earth, while keeping it intact.
Recent KID efforts were outlined at the 84th annual meeting of the Meteoritical Society held in Chicago this month and led by Dr George Flynn, a physicist at State University of New York, Plattsburgh.
'You might have to use multiple impacts,' Dr Flynn said in conversation with The New York Times. 'It [Bennu] may barely miss, but barely missing is enough.'
Researchers have been working at NASA's Ames Vertical Gun Range, built in the 1960s during the Apollo era and based at Moffett Federal Airfield in California's Silicon Valley, for the recent KID experiments.
They fired small, spherical aluminum projectiles at meteorites suspended by pieces of nylon string.
The team used 32 meteorites – which are fragments of asteroids that have fallen to Earth from space – that were mostly purchased from private dealers.
The tests have allowed them to work out at what point momentum from a human-made object fired towards an asteroid turns it into thousands of fragments, rather than knocking it off course as desired.
'If you break it into pieces, some of those pieces may still be on a collision course with Earth,' Dr Flynn said.
Carbonaceous chondrite (C-type) asteroids, such as Bennu, are the most common in the solar system.
They are darker than other asteroids due to the presence of carbon and are some of the most ancient objects in the solar system – dating back to its birth.
According to the findings from experiments at AVGR, the type of asteroid being targeted (and how much carbon it has in it) may dictate how much momentum would be directed at it from any human-made KID device.
From the experiments, the researchers found C-type meteorites could withstand only about one-sixth of the momentum that the other chondrites could withstand before shattering.
'[C-type] asteroids are much more difficult to deflect without disruption than ordinary chondrite asteroids,' the experts concluded.
'These results indicate multiple successive impacts may be required to deflect rather than disrupt asteroids, particularly carbonaceous asteroids.'
Therefore, around 160 years in the future – when Bennu is most likely to collide with Earth, according to NASA – a KID device would have to give it a series of gentle nudges to prevent it from breaking up and sending dangerous splinter fragments flying towards Earth.
NASA's recent study about Bennu, published in the journal Icarus, did point out there is more than a 99.9 per cent probability Bennu will not smash into Earth over the next three centuries.
'Although the chances of it hitting Earth are very low, Bennu remains one of the two most hazardous known asteroids in our solar system, along with another asteroid called 1950 DA,' NASA said in a statement.
LICIACube Sends Home Images of the DART Impact and the Damage to Dimorphos
LICIACube Sends Home Images of the DART Impact and the Damage to Dimorphos
The Light Italian CubeSat for Imaging of Asteroids (LICIACube) has returned a series of close-up images of the asteroid Dimorphos, after last week’s successful impact of the Double Asteroid Redirect Test (DART) probe. LICIACube was built and operated by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), and was designed to capture post-impact imagery for the DART team, to help assess the effects of the impact.
The initial set of images received after the impact, show a dramatic plume of dust and debris. They were captured about 2 minutes and 45 seconds after the impact, during a fly-by of Dimorphos. This same plume was clearly visible to ground-based telescopes. Future images should hopefully reveal details of the impact crater, and could help researchers better understand the composition of the little asteroid. The shoebox-sized CubeSat will spend the next few weeks sending the remaining data to Earth. If it has enough propellant remaining, it will hopefully be able to return for a second flyby.
The DART mission was launched in November 2021, to test the feasibility of redirecting an asteroid by crashing into it. If a large body should be discovered in our Solar System that is on a collision course with Earth, we may be able to deflect it from its course. In theory, even a small space probe crashing into the object at a high enough speed should change its course enough to stop it from later crashing into Earth, provided this is done early enough. But theory is not enough, so the DART mission was developed to test and confirm that it can be done, and that it will work as expected.
DART’s target, Dimorphos, is a small asteroid with a length of about 160 meters. It orbits a larger companion named Didymos, with a diameter of about 780 meters. The two objects take 11 hours and 55 minutes to orbit one another, at a separation of 1.18 kilometers. If theoretical models of the impact are correct, this orbital period should have been shortened by a few minutes. This estimate is only an approximation, however, based on the likely masses of the two objects.
The DART spacecraft, weighing in at 570 kg, rammed into Dimorphos on 26 September, 2022, at roughly 22 500 km/h. The impact is the first test of the “Kinetic Impact” method of asteroid redirection. If astronomers should ever detect an asteroid on a collision course with Earth, and if it is massive enough to be a threat to human life or property, the best action to take would be to change its path so that the collision never happens. The kinetic impact method of redirection involves simply firing a heavy object at it, imparting enough kinetic energy to nudge it into a slightly different orbit. Because asteroids are so massive, even a very powerful impact would likely only change its velocity by a very tiny amount, but even a small deflection would be enough to ensure a miss if it happens early enough.
The Didymos and Dimorphos pair occupy an elliptical orbit around the Sun. Its perihelion, or the lowest point in its orbit, is slightly further out from the Sun than Earth, and its highest point, or aphelion, is a little past Mars. This orbit is tilted from the plane of the ecliptic by about 3 degrees, so it never crosses the paths of either Earth or Mars. This means that the Didymos binary asteroid system will never approach Earth, and is not a collision risk. The DART impact would have changed the speed of Dimorphos by only a fraction of a percent, far too little to create any risk of a collision with Earth or any other planet.
LICIACube is Italy’s first deep space mission. It was built in its entirety, and is operated, by ASI. The little spacecraft was carried piggy-back by DART to its current location, and is currently positioned near Didymos and Dimorphos, two objects orbiting each other to make a double asteroid orbiting the Sun.
DART team engineers lift and inspect the LICIACube CubeSat after it arrived at APL in August. The miniaturized satellite will deploy 10 days before DART’s asteroid impact, providing essential footage of the collision and subsequent plume of materials. Image credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins APL/Ed Whitman
Its mission was to capture images of both bodies through all phases of the DART mission, and sending those data back to the mission’s ground controllers. The images are meant to help measure how the orbit of Dimorphos has changed. They will also show us what effect the impact has on the asteroid itself, and likely provide useful data to scientists who would like to better understand the composition of the asteroid itself.
Other methods being explored to protect Earth from an asteroid impact include landing on the asteroid and installing a rocket motor; stationing a spacecraft near the object to deflect it gravitationally; or even painting one side of the asteroid so that it gets unevenly heated by the Sun, making it emit more heat radiation from one side than the other, creating a tiny amount of thrust! All these ideas are sound in theory, and may even be practical under varying circumstances, but the kinetic impact method has the advantage of simplicity, and doesn’t require the development of any new technology.
Here are the first images taken by #LICIACube of #DARTmissionimpact on asteroid #Dimorphos. Now weeks and months of hard work are now starting for scientists and technicians involved in this mission, so stay tuned because we will have a lot to tell! pic.twitter.com/kVz1WmcsL7
20 Jumpgate Missions to Mars through jumpgate portals located in El Segundo, California
20 Jumpgate Missions to Mars through jumpgate portals located in El Segundo, California
Andrew Basiago, J.D., claims that he visited Mars 20 times between 1981 and 1984 through a Jumpgate located in El Segundo, California. He says others, including VIPs such as former CIA Director Admiral Stansfeld Turner, were also sent to the Martian surface through eight jumpgate portals dispersed around the middle latitudes. Basiago says the average daily temperature was around 70 degrees Fahrenheit, and the air was similar in oxygen content to an altitude of 11,000 feet on Earth.
Basiago claims that at any one time there were up to 1,500 Americans on Mars surface that were there to maintain a continuous presence, and they had to escape numerous predators. His experiences with Mars predators and other wildlife led to him recognizing some of these animals and vegetation in NASA Rover images.
His most controversial claims concern unusual creatures he says can be identified in other Mars Rover and satellite imagery, which includes a scorpion man and gremlins. Basiago refutes criticism that what he witnessed in the Mars images is merely a case of pareidolia, especially when it comes to an alleged image of a striding gremlin in what appears to be a small grove of trees. In the subsequent discussion, Dr. Michael Salla proposes a distinction between objects Basiago recognized from his time on Mars, which can be asserted to be corroborating evidence for his overall experiences, to other objects such as gremlins, which may be attributed as pareidolia.
Regardless of the more controversial elements of Andrew Basiago's analyses of Mars Rover and satellite images, his detailed memories of travel to Mars on 20 occasions where he spent significant periods on the Red Planet from 1981 to 1984 have been independently corroborated by several other individuals. These include Brett Stillings, William White Crow and Bernard Mendez who all have publicly confirmed their participation in the Mars Jumpgate program, and the involvement of others such as Major Ed Dames.
Related articles:
Project Pegasus: Travelling to Mars – Teleportation and “Jump Rooms”
Possible triangle UFO video from Burlington, Ontario, Canada 29-Sep-2022
Possible triangle UFO video from Burlington, Ontario, Canada 29-Sep-2022
This fast triangular-shaped formation was filmed in the night sky above Burlington, a city in the Regional Municipality of Halton at the northwestern end of Lake Ontario in Ontario, Canada on 29th September 2022.
Witness report:
It was in Burlington Ontario Canada. I live in an area of Burlington called aldershot. The objects came from the direction of the skyway bridge. If you check it out on Google maps you can see the area and the landmarks I’m describing. I took this video on September 29 at around 1015 pm. And the whole reason I bought a night vision camera is because just over a month before this video, I had a similar sighting coming from the same area. The 2 sighting were just over a month apart, and both right around the 1015pm mark.
Floating UFOs over Lee’s Summit, Missouri – October 2022
Floating UFOs over Lee’s Summit, Missouri – October 2022
These two unidentified flying objects were filmed in the night sky above Lee’s Summit in Missouri on 2nd October 2022.
Witness report:
Around dusk while traveling southbound on interstate i70 in Independence, Missouri I observed two starlike objects. One remained fixed in the sky while the other rose to meet it and then descend down again. I observed 1:32 of this before the landscape obstructed my view.
Most impressively there were 18 Landings, Hovering, or Takeoffs reported and 19 Entities observed. Number of abduction (ERT) cases were 30. Number of submitted Experiencer Questionnaires were 0.
Whilst the war in Ukraine escalates, things seem quieter than usual when it comes to Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP).
However, the movement continues to occur behind the scenes.
Although there was some hope that both the National Defense Authorization Act 2023 (NDAA) and Intelligence Authorization Act 2023 (IAA) would pass before the midterm elections in November 2022, it is now likely that the legislation is passed in December.
Between now and December, we may see further amendments to the NDAA and IAA, potentially tightening and adding to the current UAP language. And as Dean Johnson recently posted, there is some possibility that the IAA is attached to the NDAA, meaning both pieces of legislation pass at the same time.*
As for midterms races, Democrats are slightly favoured to retain the Senate, whilst Republicans are slightly favoured to win the House. If correct, then Representative Mike Turner (Republican - Ohio), who represents and has a close relationship with Wright Patterson Air Force Base, would become Chair of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. However, it must be stressed that his views on UAP are not known publicly.
Rep Mike Turner pictured with General Willaim McCasland
(U.S. Air Force photo by Niki Jahns)
Another politician to keep a close eye on is Senator Marco Rubio (Republican - Florida), Vice Chair of the Senate’s Intelligence Committee and a leading advocate for previous UAP legislation. He faces a tight race in Florida and could potentially lose to Democrat Val Demings.
Demings is a member of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence and attended the classified hearing on UAP in May 2022. Following that meeting, Demings commented**:
“As a former chief of police there’s nothing I take more seriously than the safety and security of the American people. We will always investigate any potential threat from our adversaries. The top goals of this investigation are seriousness, transparency, and national security. Just because something is unidentified doesn’t mean that it’s unidentifiable, and truth must always be a precondition to good policy.
“By treating this issue seriously, working with Pentagon experts, and empowering witnesses and hard evidence, we can find answers, ensure the integrity of American airspace, counter global threats, and keep Americans safe at home and abroad. I will continue to work with the Pentagon and our intelligence agencies on this important issue.”
What Next For AARO?
Liberation Times understands that any expected public report in October 2022 from the DoD-led UAP Office named the All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO), may be hugely underwhelming. Some sources have also raised the possibility of the report being delayed, due to the AARO’s lack of resources for most of 2022.
The fate of the AARO’s Twitter page, which has remained inactive since July 2022 may be called into question soon.
If legislation in its current form passes in December 2022, the name AARO will be scrapped and replaced with the Unidentified Aerospace-undersea Phenomena Joint Program Office (UAPJPO). And if that occurs, it is quite possible that the Twitter page is deleted or possibly renamed.
The IAA in its current form would also create a core group consisting of representatives from:
The Central Intelligence Agency
The National Security Agency
The Department of Energy
The National Reconnaissance Office
The Air Force
The Space Force
The Defense Intelligence Agency
The National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
Department of Homeland Security (new addition)
If enacted in its current form, it will be difficult for any of the above organisations to retain distance from the issue of UAP.
Former AATIP Director, Lue Elizondo, who was confirmed to be advising Space Force on ‘classified topics’, recently told Liberation Times that Space Force does take the issue of UAP very seriously, commenting:
“The men and women at U.S. Space Force are some of the most capable and patriotic individuals I know and let it be known to all that may ask, they are taking the topic of UAPs very seriously and should be commended for their efforts.”
It is understood by Liberation Times (as backed up in recent explanatory language from the Senate) that there has been an exponential increase of UAP activity. With tensions heightened in Taiwan and Ukraine, unknown craft could pose risks, due to misunderstanding, leading to potential hostilities.
As for the U.S. Space Force, its new Chief of Space Operations, General Bradley Chance Saltzman, has now been confirmed by the Senate. And he could be a potential ally for the UAP cause.
Of interest, incoming Space Force Chief Saltzman has served as a Minuteman III launch officer, and at Malmstrom, in addition to being a National Reconnaissance Office satellite operator.
UAPs have reportedly deactivated minuteman nuclear weapons systems according to testimony from veterans, including former Malmstrom Air Force Base nuclear missile launch control officer, Robert Salas.
* Following the release of this article Dean Johnson provided an update regarding UAP legislative progress. Language within the NDAA and IAA has been combined and the Department of Homeland Security has been added to the ‘core group’.
You DO realize that the missile deactivation was found to be caused by a power surge, right? And that missile silos were deliberately designed to automatically deactivate and reactivate when a power surge was detected? And there was NOT "testimony for veterans, Including Robert Salas, Salas was the only one to make the claim. I'll stick with information that hasn't been thoroughly debunked, thank you.
Rep. Mike Turner as Chair of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence would at least bring an air of familiarity to the proceedings…
“At multiple times during his tenure in Congress, Turner has faced protests from constituents for refusing to host public town hall events […] In both 2008 and 2010 Turner was listed as one of the "most corrupt members of Congress" by the Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington for "enrichment of self, family, or friends" and "solicitation of gifts" […] In April 2019, Citizens Against Government Waste named Turner the "Porker of the Month" for leading the effort to "spend more taxpayer dollars on the most expensive weapons system in U.S. history", the F-35 program. This designation came in recognition for his continued support for expansion of the program, which had already been in development for 17 years, was seven years behind schedule, and was nearly $200 billion over budget.” [Wikipedia]
Andrew Basiago, J.D., claims that he visited Mars 20 times between 1981 and 1984 through a Jumpgate located in El Segundo, California. He says others, including VIPs such as former CIA Director Admiral Stansfeld Turner, were also sent to the Martian surface through eight jumpgate portals dispersed around the middle latitudes. Basiago says the average daily temperature was around 70 degrees Fahrenheit, and the air was similar in oxygen content to an altitude of 11,000 feet on Earth.
Basiago claims that at any one time there were up to 1,500 Americans on Mars surface that were there to maintain a continuous presence, and they had to escape numerous predators. His experiences with Mars predators and other wildlife led to him recognizing some of these animals and vegetation in NASA Rover images. In Basiago’s first paper about Mars dated December 12, 2008, he examines NASA image PIA 10214 and claims a number of creatures are in it which he recognized from his trips there, which include plesiosaurs and water buffalo.
His most controversial claims concern unusual creatures he says can be identified in other Mars Rover and satellite imagery, which includes a scorpion man and gremlins. Basiago refutes criticism that what he witnessed in the Mars images is merely a case of paredolia, especially when it comes to an alleged image of a striding gremlin in what appears to be a small grove of trees. In the subsequent discussion, Dr. Michael Salla proposes a distinction between objects Basiago recognized from his time on Mars, which can be asserted to be corroborating evidence for his overall experiences, to other objects such as gremlins, which may be attributed as paredolia.
Regardless of the more controversial elements of Andrew Basiago’s analyses of Mars Rover and satellite images, his detailed memories of travel to Mars on 20 occasions where he spent significant periods on the Red Planet from 1981 to 1984 have been independently corroborated by several other individuals. These include Brett Stillings, William White Crow and Bernard Mendez who all have publicly confirmed their participation in the Mars Jumpgate program, and the involvement of others such as Barack Obama (aka Barry Soetaro) and Major Ed Dames.
A selection of Andrew Basiago’s papers on Mars can be found here.
Public Testimony by William White Crow supporting Andrew Basiago’s experiences on Mars can be found here.
Public Testimony by Brett Stillings supporting Andrew Basiago’s testimony is available here.
Public Testimony by Bernard Mendez supporting Andrew Basiago’s testimony is available here.
This is the fourth in a series of interviews with Andrew Basiago examining his participation in two teleportation programs, Project Pegasus (1969 to 1972) and Jump Room to Mars (1980 to 1984).
I was looking over this unusual moon map when I decided to focus on the southern area since most photos blur that area out. Here I found that it was clear and unobstructed. De Forest crater looks to be at least 40km long on each of its four walls. I came to that because De Forest is known to be 57 km in diameter, so 40 km is a conservative estimate. The small nuclear device dropped on Cabeus crater base was back in 2009 and I watched it on live cam with my students in class...but there was no explosion, no cloud of dust arose. SCW
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LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS
LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS
Cigar Shaped UFO Witnessed Over Watervliet Missouri
Witness records cigar shaped UFO. Video Source MUFON Case # 125599
RELATED VIDEOS ( selected by peter2011)
Four UFO "Orbs" Sighted Over Sacramento, California. September 30, 2022
This sighting was posted to MUFON on October 1, 2022 with the following statement: Sept 30th 2022 -1010 pm
Sacramento California Driving Mid 70s weather First headed towards the freeway, than hovered for a bit than traveling east. Full sighting lasted about 3 or 4 mins Video taped about half way through.. Couldn't pull over on semi busy highway 80 Sound was not applicable due to driving and wind Crazy ufo sighting about 20 mins ago. "Around 10:10pm, first it was two lights..perfectly spaced between each other..kinda tilted one belowthe other..than they seem to swivel and a third light "popped" on...i drove for another 5 seconds and that was when i realized i should record this .. .so the video isn't perfect, than a 3rd light just popped on, than a 4th light popped up. I wishi could have pulled over. I took the next exit, but lost site of the lights. It's just crazy that they popped on. I was on highway 80, on the "causeway" these where over the rice fields, I was driving east into west Sacramento... it was crazy."
Scientist talks about cattle being marked by UFO before mutilation
Scientist talks about cattle being marked by UFO before mutilation
During the 1970s, several small-scale cattle ranchers in the Midwest reported that their animals had been mutilated. The incident was often dismissed as a sensationalized report, but it highlighted the growing frustration of the ranchers with the government’s restrictions and intrusiveness.
The incident highlighted the growing frustration of the ranchers with the government’s restrictions and intrusiveness. They blamed the government for the incident and expressed their anger through their actions. The economic conditions during that period also contributed to the development of the mutilation phenomenon.
The growing frustration of the ranchers with the government also contributed to the development of the mutilation phenomenon. It was the impetus for various uprisings, such as the Sagebrush Rebellion. The incident highlighted the significant effects of the 1960s’ libertarian movement, which gained popularity in the Midwest and West.
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Two Interesting Cases from the MUFON Case Management System Currently being Investigated
Two Interesting Cases from the MUFON Case Management System Currently being Investigated
By Bob Spearing
Case # 123176 took place in Singapore on June 26,2022. The witness submitted an intriguing photograph showing an elongated diamond shaped red pillar of light in the night sky.
Singapore is an island, a city and a country in Asia bordering Malaysia at the edge of the Pacific Ocean. Itis a highly industrialized city with Air Force Bases, Commercial Airports and a variety of industrial complexes all crammed onto the tiny island. MUFON had seen this type of phenomenon before. It looked very similar to the flame usually associated with an oil refinery burning off excess gas at refineries. The logical thing to do was to check if any oil refineries were within a reasonable distance of the witness. Our investigation showed that Jurong Island, 15 miles southeast of the witness housed a massive EXXON Oil Refinery. The witness stated he was looking east.
Case # 123176 is being closed as an IFO (Identified Flying Object - actually a man-made phenomenon).
However, things get more intriguing in the African Country of Mauritius where a witness in Case #120103 on January 1, 2022 submitted an extraordinary narrative to MUFON.
Mauritius is an island country in East Africa in the Indian Ocean near Madagascar and Reunion Islandwhich is a hotbed of UFO activity. The case is being investigated by our National Director there Johnathan Hague. The witness narrative is as follows:
“The first time I saw it, it was about 100m with light. The next day I saw it again, I was scared but I approached it. It was landed near foot of the mountain. I runaway to my home. The third time was after two days. Again, it landed but this time I approach the maximum I can but hiding also. The thing that Itook attention was I saw symbol of triangle and circle. When I made all around the object, I saw two window glass. It was something like dark glass, then I saw two things like humanoid. They were lonwith big head like helmet of cyclist. After that I felt like I was unconscious. When I wake up, they were gone. After maybe 3 months, I saw them again. Some people who have cattle, said that 4 or 5 animals are missing.”
What the reader should note is that cyclist helmeted beings are quite common in UFO reports. A cattle mutilation in the middle of the Indian Ocean is extremely rare. But more reports of logos of triangles within circles are widely documented.
In the first of two correlating reports, the first from Renton Washington in 2005, 2 short grotesque entities with lightbulb shaped heads and slits for mouths abduct a woman. They are no taller than 5 feet with very long arms and only 4 fingers. They are wearing blue grey metallic uniforms and had an insignia on their chest of an isosceles triangle in a white circle.
At Mount Pleasant, Michigan on March 8, 2015, the witness awoke sensing someone was in his house and spied two small beings. He is levitated through his wall to a star. In a sort of pseudo-sexual abduction, the witness awakes next to an entity. The entity named ZETA informs him he has made a child for the future of Earth. ZETA was wearing a shiny spandex outfit with a triangle and circle insignia on it. What that symbol means is still not understood. When several reports of similar symbols and insignia are found in the UFO literature, it creates a basis for a pattern even if these reports are years apart and thousands of miles away from each other. With the advent Artificial Intelligence at our doorstep, perhaps the near future will provide MUFON and other researchers with the tools to finally analyze these patterns in a meaningful way. John Keel would be pleased! He had the right idea but was decades too early to see it come to fruition.
How Does NASA Plan to Keep Samples From Mars Safe From Contamination (and Contaminating) Earth?
How Does NASA Plan to Keep Samples From Mars Safe From Contamination (and Contaminating) Earth?
NASA’s Mars Sample Return Mission is inching closer and closer. The overall mission architecture just hit a new milestone when Perseverance collected the first sample that will be sent back. But what happens once that sample actually gets here? NASA and its partner, ESA, are still working on that, but recently they released a fact sheet that covers what will happen during the first stage of that process – returning to the ground.
That return will take place in the middle of the desert in the western US, in an area called the Utah Test and Training Range (UTTR). While this may seem like an obscure place to land such an important mission, it does have several things going for it.
First, it’s in the continental US. That gives it relatively easy access to advanced laboratory equipment available throughout the country. NASA is the most likely candidate to be able to marshal all the resources necessary to quarantine the sample to keep it separate from the wider Earth environment, which would help eliminate the (admittedly unlikely) event of a Martian superbug getting on the loose.
UT video describing the MSR mission.
Secure containment is one of the reasons the agency is foregoing a water landing. Doing so would lessen the impact on the samples, but it also would have a slight chance that the capsule could sink into the ocean and the tiny bits of Mars within it could be lost to the sea. Avoiding that would be nice, so it’s better to land on land.
But that land has to be isolated, another advantage of the UTTR. Not only is it not near any roads, but it is also already restricted air space, as it is the site of plenty of rocket and plane testing. Being isolated also means that the capsule is less likely to impact anything important if something goes wrong with the trajectory.
That will be particularly important given the method of landing selected for the MSR capsule. It’s going to fall to the ground using only aero-braking – no parachute required. Therefore, it will be going significantly faster than the typical parachute-assisted capsule returns. But, according to NASA’s calculations, the samples and their containers should survive the impact. Not using a parachute will massively simplify the capsule’s design and lessen its weight, both of which are essential factors considering the capsule itself has to return from Mars.
A test capsule from NASA also makes a nice dent in the landscape. Credit – NASA
Even so, the impact itself is going to make a nice dent in the landscape. NASA has already begun performing testing using a mock-up of the MSR’s sample return capsule. Doing so has created a series of 1.3-meter-wide craters in the landscape and ejected material 15 meters away from the crater.
Assuming the samples and capsule do survive, the next step would be safely transporting them to a laboratory where they can be properly studied. That is, after all, the whole purpose of the Mars Sample Return mission. So far, that part of the program hasn’t been defined yet, but knowing that the samples will end up in the middle of the Utah desert is at least a place to start.
Something Strange Is Happening In Space! - Jason A Must Video
Something Strange Is Happening In Space! - Jason A Must Video
I find it interesting how JWST was supposed to “see into the early universe” by looking farther than any other telescope. We got the first couple of images of deep space and apparently they didn’t see what they expected to see. Now they are looking at planets, galaxies and nebula that are not in deep space. There is a lot of deep space to look at and it seems like they are afraid of what else they may find.
I don’t believe they can see out that far…. we have been lied to for time and memoriam!
Orb Fleet Over Sacramento, California Sept 30, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Orb Fleet Over Sacramento, California Sept 30, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Sept 30, 2022
Location of sighting: Sacramento, California, USA
This eyewitness was driving along the freeway when then noticed three UFOs which broke into four and flew along side the freeway for about 20 minutes. The driver wanted to stop, but said there was no place safe to pull alongside. California and aliens...we all knew they lived there.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Eyewitness states:
Oct 30th 2022 1010 pm Sacramento California Driving Mid 70s weather First headed towards the freeway, than hovered for a bit than traveling east. Full sighting lasted about 3 or 4 mins Video taped about half way through.. Couldn't pull over on semi busy highway 80 Sound was not applicable due to driving and wind Crazy ufo sighting about 20 mins ag0. around 10:10pm, first it was two lights..perfectly spaced between each other..kinda tilted one belowthe other..than they seem to swivel and a third light "popped" on...i drove for another 5 seconds and that was when i realized i should record this .. .so the video isn't perfect, than a 3rd light just popped on, than a 4th light popped up. I wishi could have pulled over. I took the next exit, but lost site of the lights. It's just crazy that they popped on. I was on highway 80, on the "causeway" these where over the rice fields, I was driving east into west Sacramento... it was crazy. So 1st video is screen recording of original video..but up close.. 2nd video is original video, unfortunately with cars behind me lights in rear view mirror
Sacramento, California UFO Sighting: 4 UFOs headed east direction 2022
Sacramento, California UFO Sighting: 4 UFOs headed east direction 2022
These bright unidentified flying object was seen and recorded in the night sky above Sacramento, California on 30th September 2022.
Witness report:
First headed towards the freeway, than hovered for a bit than traveling east. Full sighting lasted about 3 or 4 mins. Video taped about half way through.. Couldn’t pull over on semi busy highway 80. Sound was not applicable due to driving and wind. Crazy ufo sighting about 20 mins ag0. around 10:10pm, first it was two lights..perfectly spaced between each other..kinda tilted one belowthe other..than they seem to swivel and a third light “popped” on…i drove for another 5 seconds and that was when i realized i should record this .. so the video isn’t perfect, than a 3rd light just popped on, than a 4th light popped up. I wishi could have pulled over. I took the next exit, but lost site of the lights. It’s just crazy that they popped on. I was on highway 80, on the “causeway” these where over the rice fields, I was driving east into west Sacramento… it was crazy.
Two “Super Mercury” Exoplanets Found in a Single System
Two “Super Mercury” Exoplanets Found in a Single System
There’s a star system out there with three super-Earth planets and two super-Mercuries. Super-Earths are fairly familiar types of exoplanets, but super-Mercuries are rare. Those are planets with the same composition as our own Mercury, but larger and denser. Yet, here’s HD 23472, showing off two of eight known super-Mercuries in the galaxy.
A team of researchers at the Instituto de Astrofisica e Ciencias do Espaco in Portugal discovered these two dense inner planets. Their study is focused on small exoplanets and their compositions, and how position, temperature, and the properties of their stars affect them. The team chose HD 23472 as a candidate to study exoplanets and the transition between having or not having an atmosphere. It could be related to the evaporation of an atmosphere by irradiation from the parent star.
The discovery of two super-Mercuries in the system was unexpected, according to team leader Susana Barros. “The team found that this system is composed of three super-Earths with a significant atmosphere and surprisingly, two Super-Mercuries, which are the closest planets to the star,” she said.
This artist’s concept shows a five-exoplanet system similar to the one being studied. At HD 23472, however, there are two Super-Mercuries orbiting the star. Courtesy NASA Ames/Kepler/K2 Mission.
What’s a Super-Mercury and Why so Rare?
To get a handle on these rare planets, take a look at our own Mercury. It orbits closest to the Sun. So do these two planets. Structurally, it’s quite dense, as these super-Mercuries are. What we don’t know is their internal structure. If they’re like our Mercury, then they should each have a molten inner core as it does. In our Mercury, that core is surrounded by a solid iron sulfide outer core. A relatively thin crust made of silicate rocks lies at the top. Mercury also has a magnetic field. The temperature on its surface ranges up to 700 K (427 C), although the poles remain out of the sunlight and very cold.
Basically, it’s a small overheated planet. And, Mercury has no atmosphere but does have an “exosphere”. That’s a thin sheath of atoms of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, calcium, and others. It doesn’t hang around long and gets carried off by the solar wind, which also feeds the exosphere. Atoms of other elements come from the surface or are delivered by cometary impacts (in the case of water vapor).
Mercury’s desiccated, overheated appearance is due to its proximity to the Sun. It might have had a more substantial mantle and crust early in its history. But, that likely got blasted off by impacts. Mercury is a rarity even in our own solar system. And, scientists didn’t expect to see many of them around other stars. Yet, they’re out there. Do they have similar interior characteristics to our own Mercury? And, could their histories be similar? Those questions remain to be answered.
How Do Super-Mercuries Form? It’s Still an Open Question
Barros’s team’s discovery of two super-Mercuries has some promising areas of research—and some puzzles. “For the first time we have discovered a system with two super-mercuries,” she said. “This allows us to obtain clues about how these planets were formed, which could help us exclude some possibilities. For example, if an impact large enough to create a Super-Mercury is already very unlikely, two giant impacts in the same system seem very improbable. We still don’t know how these planets are formed but it appears to be connected to the composition of the parent star. This new system can help us find out”.
All planets form in the clouds of gas and dust that orbit their newborn parent stars. Planet formation is a complex process, and each system has its own quirks and idiosyncrasies. Some of those quirks come from the composition of the parent star; others from the chemical composition and structure of the protoplanetary disk—the birth crêche—of the planets. It’s important to know more about how planets grow from tiny seeds to finished worlds within those clouds. Finally, scientists have to take into account interactions between planets in a forming system.
Team member Olivier Demangeon explained that understanding how two Super-Mercuries could form in the standard planet-crêche environment also requires more information about the composition of the finished worlds. “As these planets have radii smaller than the Earth, current instrumentation does not have the sensitivity to probe the composition of their surface or the existence and composition of a potential atmosphere,” he said. There’s still a great deal of information to gather about this system, including the birth stories of its two Super-Mercuries.
A Census of HD 23472
Here’s what the team does know. Of the five planets in the HD 23472 system, three have masses smaller than the Earth. These are among the lightest exoplanets whose masses were measured using the radial velocity method. That measurement was only possible due to the very high precision of the ESPRESSO instrument. That stands for Echelle Spectrograph for Rocky Exoplanets and Stable Spectroscopic Observations), installed in ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT), in Chile. The presence of not one, but two super-mercuries in its data, left the team wanting to go further.
In the meantime, big questions remain: did the Super-Mercuries form in much the same way that our Mercury did? If so, what are the chances of multiple giant impacts transforming these worlds at HD 23472? Will exoplanet hunters find more of them out there?
The team hopes eventually to use the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) and its first-generation high-resolution spectrograph to make the observations. Both instruments will have the sensitivity and precision to help characterize the composition of planets like those orbiting HD 23472.
NASA's Dragonfly Helicopter Will be Exploring This Region of Titan
NASA's Dragonfly Helicopter Will be Exploring This Region of Titan
In June 2027, NASA will launch the long-awaited Dragonfly missiontoward Saturn’s largest moon,Titan. By 2034, the 450 kg (990-lbs) nuclear-powered quadcopter will touch down at its target landing site (the Selk crater region) and begin searching Titan’s surface and atmosphere to learn more about this curious satellite. In particular, the mission will investigate the moon’s prebiotic chemistry, active methane cycle, and organic environment. These goals underpin Dragonfly’s main objective, which is to search for possible signs of life (aka. “biosignatures”) on Titan.
For years, scientists have speculated if life could exist on Titan since it appears to possess all the necessary ingredients (though not for life as we know it). This curiosity has only deepened since the Cassini–Huygensmission, which spent thirteen years exploring Saturn and its system of moons (from 2004 and 2017). Recently, a team of Cornell researchers combined and analyzed radar images taken by Cassini to determine the properties of the surface. The result is a detailed map of the Dragonfly‘s landing site, revealing a landscape of sand dunes and broken-up icy ground.
Bonnefoy was part of the research group led by Alex Hayes, an associate professor of astronomy and the Director of the Spacecraft Planetary Image Facility, which specializes in identifying and characterizing potentially habitable environments across the Solar System. Their work has included data from the Cassini orbiter, the Perseverance, Curiosity, Spirit, and Opportunity rovers, and the upcoming Europa Clipper mission. As Bonnefoy explained in a recent Cornell Chronicle release, Dragonfly will be investigating one of the most promising environments to date:
“Dragonfly – the first flying machine for a world in the outer Solar System – is going to a scientifically remarkable area. Dragonfly will land in an equatorial, dry region of Titan – a frigid, thick-atmosphere, hydrocarbon world. It rains liquid methane sometimes, but it is more like a desert on Earth – where you have dunes, some little mountains and an impact crater.
“We’re looking closely at the landing site, its structure and surface. To do that, we’re examining radar images from the Cassini-Huygens mission, looking at how radar signal changes from different viewing angles. “The radar images we have of Titan through Cassini have a best-resolution of about 300 meters per pixel, about the size of a football field and we have only seen less than 10% of the surface at that scale. This means there are probably a lot of small rivers and landscapes that we couldn’t see.”
During its many orbits of Saturn, the Cassini orbiter took multiple radar images of Titan and its many larger moons. On Christmas Day, 2004, the orbiter released its partner mission – the Huygens lander – which began its descent into Titan’s dense atmosphere on January 14th. During its two-hour descent, the lander gathered data on Titan’s atmosphere to determine what aerosols and chemicals are present (and in what amounts). It also returned pictures of the surface that showed river valleys not visible in the orbiter’s radar images.
For their study, Bonnefoy and the group used radar reflectivity from the Cassini images and angled shadows to map six terrains in the Selk crater, characterizing the landscape and gauging the height of its rim. Knowing the crater’s shape will provide insight into the region’s geology and help mission planners identify scientific objectives for the Dragonfly mission. Titan’s rich prebiotic environment contains organic compounds in its atmosphere and on its surface, where they resemble sand and form dune-like features.
Titan’s dense atmosphere, which is largely composed of nitrogen (around 95%), methane (~5%), and other hydrocarbons, is about four times as dense as Earth’s atmosphere. Combined with Titan’s low gravity (13.8% that of Earth), this will enable Dragonfly to remain airborne and perform like a drone, researching Titan’s atmosphere, surface, and methane lakes to learn more about the planet’s composition and its potential to support life. Said Bonnefoy:
“Over the next several years, we are going to see a lot of attention paid to the Selk crater region. Lea’s work provides a solid foundation upon which to start building models and making predictions for Dragonfly to test when it explores the area in the mid-2030s. Dragonfly is going to finally show us what the region – and Titan – looks like.”
Since Titan’s environment today is believed to be similar to primordial Earth, the data obtained by Dragonfly could help scientists learn more about how life emerged on Earth. There’s also the prospect that life emerged on Titan and is still there today, most likely in microbial form. The discovery and study of these potential lifeforms could shed light on how and where life emerged in the Solar System, not to mention how the building blocks might have been distributed billions of years ago (aka. lithopanspermia).
A Dwarf Galaxy Passed Close to the Milky Way and Left Ripples in its Wake
A Dwarf Galaxy Passed Close to the Milky Way and Left Ripples in its Wake
When you imagine the collision of galaxies, you probably think of something violent and transformational. Spiral arms ripped apart, stars colliding, cats and dogs living together, mass hysteria. The reality is much less dramatic. As a recent study shows, our galaxy is in a collision right now.
Although the big collision between the Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy is still yet to come, our galaxy has undergone galactic collisions in the past. The most well-understood collision is that between the Milky Way and the Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy. This small galaxy first impacted the Milky Way about 6 billion years ago and may have triggered the star-forming period that produced our Sun.
History of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy collision. Credit: ESA
But collisions on a galactic scale are slow and tedious. Over billions of years, the core of the Sagittarius galaxy has struck the Milky Way a few times as it is gradually ripped apart. It can now be seen as arcs of stars encircling our galaxy. It stands to reason that such an ancient collision is long over, but this recent study shows it still has ripple effects on the Milky Way. Literally.
The team used data from the Gaia spacecraft and looked at the motion of stars near the outer edge of the Milky Way. The velocities of these stars showed a rippled distribution of motion, created by Sagittarius the way a dropped stone might trigger ripples on a pond. Overall the stars at the outer edge of the Milky Way are not in gravitational equilibrium, which is a fancy way of saying our galaxy is still feeling the effects of the collision.
The team was surprised by the level of detail the Gaia data provided. By measuring the positions of more than two billion stars, and the motions of more than 30 million, Gaia has given the team a kind of galactic seismology that can be used to trace the dynamic history and evolution of the Milky Way.
Galactic collisions are dramatic on cosmic scales. They are a central process of galactic evolution that can trigger star formation, black hole mergers, and the formation of large elliptical galaxies. But as this latest work shows, on a human scale, it’s all just another day for life on Earth.
Reference:
McMillan, Paul J., et al. “The disturbed outer Milky Way disc.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 516.4 (2022): 4988–5002.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
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Rep. Mike Turner as Chair of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence would at least bring an air of familiarity to the proceedings…
“At multiple times during his tenure in Congress, Turner has faced protests from constituents for refusing to host public town hall events […] In both 2008 and 2010 Turner was listed as one of the "most corrupt members of Congress" by the Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington for "enrichment of self, family, or friends" and "solicitation of gifts" […] In April 2019, Citizens Against Government Waste named Turner the "Porker of the Month" for leading the effort to "spend more taxpayer dollars on the most expensive weapons system in U.S. history", the F-35 program. This designation came in recognition for his continued support for expansion of the program, which had already been in development for 17 years, was seven years behind schedule, and was nearly $200 billion over budget.”
[Wikipedia]