The Sky Crane, the crazy idea which became the norm

The skycrane touchdown system was a huge wager for NASA that paid off.

 by Jordan Strickler

Prior to the rover Curiosity, rovers were either reaching the surface of Mars via rocket-controlled landers or merrily bouncing their way along the surface nestled in airbags. However, the creation of the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL), later named Curiosity, presented a dilemma for engineers. How do you get a one-ton rover the size of a Volkswagen down safely?

While previously rovers utilized landers in which they would drive off, the new car-sized Curiosity presented a problem. Landers need ramps and larger rovers need larger ramps. Additionally, ramps can be one of an engineer’s worse nightmares. Since the first successful rover, Sojourner, landed on Mars in 1997, engineers have always been scared that a multi-billion dollar project could get to a planet some 40,000 miles away from Earth, only to have the rover snag a part on the lander ramp, essentially becoming a lander itself on top of another lander, rendering them both basically useless.

(Note: The microwave-sized Sojourner was not technically the first rover on Martian soil. That distinction belongs to the Russians’ Prop-M rover which was tethered to their Mars 2 and 3 landers. Since Mars 2 pancaked itself into the surface and Mars 3 lost communications with Earth because of a sand storm, neither rover was actually deployed).

Second problem: These larger landers and larger ramps would need more room. On a planet where the main inhabitants are rocks (and lots of them), finding clearance would be a big thorn in the side of those in charge of finding a place to land. Not only that, but the good science comes when you get near the rocky stuff, which would be hard if you had to park in lot BFE.

Third problem: Putting rockets on the bottom of a rover like it was done in earlier landers like Viking creates a stability problem. In the book “Curiosity” by Rod Pyle, he likens it to “balancing a bowling ball on a broomstick.”

This is one reason why Spirit and Opportunity utilized the airbag system. The airbag system is pretty much how it sounds. Prior to the rover landing on the ground, airbags would inflate bouncing them to land where they may. This was never a viable option for the much larger Curiosity rover. Airbags can only handle so much weight and 2,000 pounds went far beyond those limits. Also, airbags also create just another thing to get the rover caught on.

So a new landing system was needed. As Curiosity’s Chief Engineer, Rob Manning, told Pyle in his book, “We were thinking out of the box. In fact, we threw away the box. We were literally going through all possible ways to land this machine, trying to imagine every possible configuration, whether it made sense or not.”

When Manning and his team first conceived the idea, it didn’t exactly have a warm reception. After all, Curiosity would be coming on the heals of two high-profile failures by NASA with the Mars Polar Lander and the Mars Climate Orbiter missions of the “better, faster, cheaper” era of the space program. (In 2004, the Harvard Review actually published a report using this NASA method as the way NOT to do business).

So the idea was tabled…but not for long.

After time devising other strategies, it always ended up coming back to the sky crane. As harrowing as it sounded, it was also one of the best options to deliver the rover to the best destination.

The Sky Crane

Think of the sky crane portion of the descent stage as a kind of jetpack with eight engines which safely lowered the rover to the ground. The sky crane slows the robot down until it hovers over the surface, then slowly winches the rover down with nylon cords.

If you’ve ever seen heavy-lift Sikorsky Skycrane helicopters with cargo dangling beneath via cables, that’s the essence of the sky crane. In fact, the engineers who first devised the idea actually met with pilots and engineers of that bird for guidance. Unfortunately, due to the gravity differences between Mars and Earth, there wasn’t a real way to test the landing system. Yes, it was a do-or-die operation where the only real test HAD to work.

“We talked about it to no end. If this didn’t go right, there would be nowhere to hide because every joe six-pack on the street would be saying that they knew it wouldn’t work,” Adam Steltzner of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, chief engineer for the Perseverance rover, told Astronomy. Stelzner’s team originally thought up the sky crane idea for Curiosity.

If all goes right, and the rover makes it safely to the ground, pyrotechnically activated blades cut the cords connecting it to the descent stage. The descent stage then flies off to make its own uncontrolled landing on the surface of the Martian surface a safe distance away from the rover.

Prior to all of that though, the machine has to make it through the atmosphere. The intense period called the entry, descent and landing (EDL) phase of the mission begins when the spacecraft reaches the top of the Martian atmosphere, traveling at about 13,200 miles per hour (5,900 meters per second). EDL ends about seven minutes later (known as the Seven Minutes of Terror) with the rover stationary on the surface. From just before jettison of the cruise stage 10 minutes before the craft hits the atmosphere, to the cutting of the sky crane bridle, the spacecraft goes through six different vehicle configurations and fires 76 pyrotechnic devices, such as releases for parts to be separated or deployed.

The parachute, which is 51 feet (almost 16 meters) in diameter, deploys about 254 seconds after entry, at an altitude of about 7 miles (11 kilometers) and a velocity of about 940 miles per hour (about 405 meters per second). About 24 more seconds after parachute deployment, the heat shield separates and drops away when the spacecraft is at an altitude of about 5 miles (about 8 kilometers), traveling at a velocity of about 280 miles per hour (125 meters per second).

As the heat shield separates, the Mars Descent Imager begins recording video, looking in the direction the spacecraft is flying. The imager records continuously from then through the landing. The rover, with its descent-stage “rocket backpack,” is still attached to the back shell on the parachute.

The back shell, with a parachute attached, separates from the descent stage and rover about 85 seconds after heat shield separation. At this point, the spacecraft is about 1.3 miles (2.1 kilometers) above the ground and rushing toward it at about 190 miles per hour (about 80 meters per second), 6,900 feet (2,100 meters) above the ground.

All eight throttleable liquid-fueled retrorockets on the descent stage, called Mars landing engines, would then begin firing for the powered descent phase. The rover’s wheels and suspension system, which double as the landing gear, pop into place just before touchdown. The bridle is fully spooled out as the spacecraft continues to descend, so touchdown occurs at the brisk walking speed of about 1.7 miles per hour (0.75 meters per second). When the spacecraft sensed the rover has touched down, those pyrotechnically-fired blades release the cords, and the descent stage can then fly away before impacting on the surface of Mars far away from the rover.

A notable difference between Perseverance’s EDL and Curiosity’s is the Lander Vision System (LVS). While Curiosity used radar to determine the distance to the ground, Perseverance utilized a whole new type of technology.

The LVS’s job determined the rover’s position, handling different possible terrain conditions, within an accuracy of about 130 feet (40 meters) in less than 10 seconds. It contains a downward-facing camera that took multiple images of the ground and an onboard computer – the Vision Compute Element (VCE) — which processed these images and spit out acceptable landing locations. After the camera powered on, the LVS used an initial five seconds to take three images and process them to calculate a rough position relative to the Martian surface. Then, using that initial location solution, it took additional images, processing them every second, deriving locations on a finer scale. The VCE sent a stream of these location calculations to the main rover brain, the Rover Compute Element.

Now what started as a hair-brained idea is seeming to becoming the norm for NASA.

“If you’re landing a rover on Mars, there’s no doubt this is the right way,” said Steltzner. “(For Curiosity) we certainly had questions about whether this really was a crazy thing to try to do. Had we missed a big thing? Was it totally wrong? Did all the pieces actually come together and work? We answered those questions.”

{ https://www.zmescience.com/ }

01-03-2021 om 20:29 geschreven door peter  

SPACEX’S HISTORIC ALL-CIVILIAN FLIGHT HAS JUST TWO SPOTS LEFT: HOW TO JOIN

SpaceX wants you.

SPACEX WANTS TO PUT FOUR private citizens into space, and two seats are up for grabs.

The "Inspiration4" mission, expected to launch no earlier than the fourth quarter of 2021, will be the world's first all-civilian spaceflight. The mission will send a Crew Dragon capsule whizzing around the Earth for three or four days.

On Monday, February 22, the group behind the mission announced that Hayley Arceneaux, a 29-year-old physician assistant at St. Jude's Children Research Hospital and a bone cancer survivor, would join the mission. She will be joined by Jared Isaacman, the founder and CEO of Shift4 Payments.

The final two passengers will be decided via a competition, and will be announced in March, according to reports.

The ad for "Inspiration4" played during one of the many commercial breaks during the Super Bowl LV game. In the ad, SpaceX explained how "You could be on board" (yes, you) the world's first all-civilian mission to space. All you have to do is win.

Watch the full ad below:

The ad was directed by Bryce Dallas Howard and narrated by Oscar-winner Octavia Spencer. The music is Celeste's version of "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star."

The ad for this once-in-a-lifetime competition follows hot on the heels of the mission's announcement by SpaceX on February 1. Now, Elon Musk's firm has put the word out at the annual sporting event, which last year received 99.9 million viewers. That is a lot of competition, so here's everything you need to know in case you missed the clip or just need a recap:

1. Inspiration4, as the video reveals, is set to take off no earlier than the fourth quarter of 2021 — so between September and December of 2021.
2. Inspiration4 and its civilian crew will launch on a Falcon 9 rocket from Launch Complex 39A at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
3. The capsule will spend between three and four days orbiting the Earth. The capsule will circumnavigate the globe once every 90 minutes. Then, it will return to Earth by landing in the water off the coast of Florida.
4. Ahead of the flight, SpaceX will train the crew on how to use the rocket, the capsule, orbital mechanics, zero gravity, emergency preparedness, and other mission simulations.

The mission has two passengers chosen already: 37-year-old Jared Isaacman, founder and CEO of Shift4 Payments. Isaacman bought all four seats on the journey. One of the seats was reserved for someone with ties to St Jude's Children's Research Hospital — now confirmed as Arceneaux.

The other two are still free — and, as the ad explains, you can win one of them.

The Super Bowl clip is a sign of the emergent new era of spaceflight, when space is more accessible than ever before. SpaceX has worked to reduce the cost of spaceflight by landing its Falcon 9 boosters after missions, saving around three-quarters of the cost of the entire mission. With reusability, so the argument goes, comes greater democratization of what has been the preserve of well-funded government agencies.

The four-seater Crew Dragon is also helping to open up spaceflight to more players. The capsule was first developed to help NASA send astronauts to the International Space Station. The capsule completed its first crewed mission in May 2020 and its first non-test crewed mission in November 2020.

Beyond sending astronauts from NASA and other agencies into space, SpaceX also plans a series of private commercial flights:

• The Inspiration4 mission, set to take place no earlier than the fourth quarter of 2020.
• The Axiom Space AX-1 mission, taking place no earlier than January 2022. Last month, Axiom Space announced the four passengers for the trip.
• The Space Adventures mission, announced in February 2020, taking place sometime from late 2021 to mid-2022.

INSPIRATION4 MISSION: HOW TO JOIN THE PRIVATE SPACEFLIGHT

Jared Isaacman, founder and CEO of Shift4 payments, is the first member of this mission. He is also a jet pilot who holds world records, including two speed-around-the-world records. Isaacman has also flown in over 100 airshows.

The other three passengers have codenames: Hope, Generosity, and Prosperity.

"Hope" is Arceneax, who was confirmed on the flight on Monday. Arceneaux is a 29-year-old physician assistant at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, which is located in Memphis, Tennessee. At 10-years-old, Arceneaux was diagnosed by the hospital with osteosarcoma, a type of bone cancer. She received prosthetic leg bones during her treatment, which would have previously restricted her from becoming an astronaut.

Arceneaux's trip will make records: She will be the youngest American to orbit in space, and the first bone cancer survivor to go to space, too.

"I think this mission is going to inspire people in so many ways," Arceneaux told the BBC. "It shows them that anything is possible."

That leaves "Generosity" and "Prosperity" — and both are open to competition.

"Generosity" is one of the seats available to win. This seat on the spacecraft will go to a member of the public who supports St. Jude's via donation. Members of the public can enter by donating $10 or more to the research hospital, with 10 chances to win for every dollar donated.

There is a limit of 10,000 entries per person, no matter how you enter, however.

There are also a series of limitations on who can enter this competition. Entrants must be at least 18 years old and live in the United States. If you can't donate, then you can also enter without donating, as many times as they like up to 10,000, by filling in a form.

Seat number four is dubbed "Prosperity." This seat is reserved for "an inspirational entrepreneur" who has used the Shift4Shop e-commerce platform to launch an online business. You can sign up to the platform via the Inspiration4 mission website, thereby entering the raffle-style competition.

The competition for "Generosity" will end on February 28. The fourth seat will also be announced at that time.

All four passengers will be announced by March 2021, meaning the lucky winners should find out soon whether they will be going. Will it be you?

{ https://www.inverse.com/ }

01-03-2021 om 18:49 geschreven door peter  

Vénus : Une photo inédite de la planète dévoilée par la Nasa

ESPACE La photo laisse apparaître un phénomène lumineux entourant Vénus ainsi qu’une de ses terres hautes

La Nasa a publié, ce jeudi, sur Instagram une photo de Vénus prise en juillet 2020 par la sonde spatiale solaire Parker. L’engin avait été lancé en août 2018 pour « éclaircir les mystères de l’atmosphère du Soleil », a expliqué l’agence américaine sur son site.

Pour cela, la sonde va survoler Vénus sept fois en sept ans, utilisant la gravité de la planète pour se rapprocher de notre étoile principale. L’image montre des détails inédits, indique RTL.  Les astronomes de la Nasa ont annoté le cliché afin de mettre en avant les éléments notables qui y apparaissent.

Des détails inédits

Les spécialistes ont estimé que l’aura plus claire que l’espace qui entoure la planète est un phénomène lumineux causé par des atomes d’oxygène. Ces derniers se trouvent à une altitude importante et se réunissent à nouveau pour former des molécules dans l’ombre de Vénus.

L’image capturée par la Parker laisse également voir une tache foncée recouvrant une partie de la surface de la planète. Il s’agit d’Aphrodite Terra, la plus vaste haute terre de Vénus. La température qui y règne est plus basse que celle des régions qui l’entourent, causant la différence de couleur visible sur la photo.

A terme, la sonde Parker s’approchera du Soleil à un peu plus de six millions de kilomètres de distance, soit sept fois plus près que tout autre engin avant elle. A titre de comparaison, la distance moyenne séparant la Terre du Soleil est de 150 millions de kilomètres.

{  https://www.20minutes.fr/ }

01-03-2021 om 18:27 geschreven door peter  

TOP SECRET SERIES: Plumed Serpents, Giants, and Human Sacrifice

We believe some of the immortals—the created gods of Psalm 82 and their counterparts—migrated to North and South America to accept worship. Stephen Quayle wrote:

You might be living in one of America’s deathzones and not have a clue about it
What if that were you? What would YOU do?

In the next few minutes, I’m going to show you the U.S. Nuclear Target map, where you’ll find out if you’re living in one of America’s Deathzones.

It is evident that fallen angels and giants, as well as their offspring and demons ruled over many of the Native American populations in the New World. Additionally it seems likely that the serpents that would be worshipped throughout the Americas were either fallen angels taking the form of snakes, or the offspring of fallen angels who mated with animals.[i]

In order to “connect the dots,” we begin with the Israelites’ formative period in Egypt, noting that, unlike the other Egyptian gods, “the reverence paid to the snake was not merely local or even limited to one period of history, but it prevailed alike in every district of the Pharaohian empire and has left its indelible impress upon the architecture and archeology of both Upper and Lower Egypt.”[ii] For example, consider the Egyptian four-winged, divine serpent, Chnuphis.[iii]

From there, the ancient Israelites moved to Canaan, where they encountered tales of the Leviathan, a dragon described as “the twisting serpent, the close–coiling one with seven heads,” by the Canaanites (KTU[iv] 1.5:1:1)[v] and appears six times in five verses of the Hebrew Bible (Job 3:8 and 41:1; Psalm 74:13–14 and 104:26; and Isaiah 27:1). According to Christoph Uehlinger, a religious studies professor at the University of Zurich, it’s likely that Leviathan was assimilated by the Egyptians as “Apophis, a huge serpent who during the night tries to hinder the sun-god’s travel through the netherworld.”[vi] According to 1 Enoch, Leviathan is a female dragon located at the bottom of the sea and Behemoth is a male dragon living in the desert.

And on that day were two monsters parted, a female monster named Leviathan, to dwell in the abysses of the ocean over the fountains of the waters. But the male is named Behemoth, who occupied with his breast a waste wilderness named Dûidâin, on the east of the garden where the elect and righteous dwell, where my grandfather was taken up, the seventh from Adam, the first man whom the Lord of Spirits created. (Enoch 60:7–8)

This beastly bifurcation is also mentioned in the apocryphal text 4 Ezra 6:49–52. If one accepts the ancient tradition, Leviathan still lurks in the deep, plotting to destroy the world:

And I saw there the sea and its islands, and its animals and its fishes, and Leviathan and his spouse, and his lair, and his dens, and the world which lies upon him, and his motions and the destruction of the world because of him. (Apocalypse of Abraham 21:4)[vii]

Leviathan is eschatologically connected to the “Day of the Lord,” because Isaiah prophesied:

In that day the Lord with his sore and great and strong sword shall punish leviathan the piercing serpent, Even leviathan that crooked serpent; And he shall slay the dragon that is in the sea. (Isaiah 27:1)

We suspect that Leviathan is a real reptilian entity, a highly intelligent, immortal, divine creation in chaotic rebellion. When the underworld portal is opened, this sea serpent will briefly visit untold horror on the earth, only to face judgment when facing “the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven” (Matthew 26:64).

The Behemoth depicted by Job 40:15–24 (10–19) is also best understood as a preternatural creature possessing supernatural characteristics.[viii] While connections to other ancient Near-Eastern dragons have been suggested, Behemoth seems to be a distinct entity paired with Leviathan. This dragon might very well manifest from the earth when the portal to the abyss is opened (Revelation 9:1). However, you might be surprised to learn that not all flying serpents in Scripture are fallen.

Although many Christians probably recoil at the thought that God created serpentine divine beings, as we demonstrated in chapter 1 (“What Is This All About?”), Scripture does support the notion. It is also telling how the Watchers were described in explicitly reptilian terms[ix] by the ancient Hebrews, lending support to the idea that fallen ones may have matched the depiction of human sacrifice-demanding “fiery serpents” whose characteristics are partly human in appearance. With a proper understanding of the biblical Seraphim and Watchers, the Mesoamerican connection no longer seems so fanciful. The plumed serpent gods of the Aztecs, Mayans, and Incans share the same basic description as the biblical flying serpentine humanoids.

Early Mesoamericans who worshiped the feathered serpent included the Olmec, Mixtec, Zapotec, Toltec, and Aztec. As early as Olmec times (1400 BC), the feathered or plumed serpent is depicted throughout North, Middle, and South America. For example, the late Olmec or Toltec culture known as Teotihuacan prominently displayed the serpentine god on the sides of the pyramid located at the Temple of the Feathered Serpent.

The archaeological record shows that after the fall of Teotihuacan, the cult of the serpent spread to Xochicalco, Cacaxtla, and Cholula—the New World’s largest pyramid dedicated to Quetzalcoatl.[x]

The Incas of Peru, the Aztecs of Mexico, and the Mayas of Yucatan all worshipped similar winged serpent gods. The Inca referred to these rebel Seraphim as Amaru; the Aztecs as Quetzalcoatl; and the Maya as Kukulkán. In Inca mythology, the amaru is a huge, double-headed, flying serpent that dwells underground.[xi] As a supernatural entity, the reptilian was believed to navigate portals between the netherworld of the dead to the natural world of the living.[xii] While many have connected descriptions of Quetzalcoatl as a bearded man with similar descriptions of Viracocha, the latter is not represented as a winged, serpentine-human hybrid. However, in remarkable accord with Quetzalcoatl, the title Amaru Tupa was an honorific title denoting royalty.[xiii] In fact, the Incan creator god Viracocha adopted “a stone image of an amaru”[xiv] as his huauque, the “man-made double”[xv] representing the living king during his lifetime.

Quetzalcoatl is the Aztec name for the feathered-serpent deity and is one of the main gods of Mexico and northern Central America. In the Aztec civilization of central Mexico, the worship of Quetzalcoatl was ubiquitous. He was the flying reptile deity who reportedly said, “If ever my subjects were to see me, they would run away!”[xvi] His winged reptilian adversary, Tezcatlipoca, was generally considered more powerful, as the god of night, sorcery, and destiny. During the twenty-day month of Toxcatl, a young man dressed up as Tezcatlipoca would be sacrificed.[xvii] Lesser known is that, like the Watcher angels in Genesis 6, Aztec tradition holds that their plumed serpent gods also created giants who were later destroyed in a worldwide flood:

According to Aztec myth, during the first age, or Sun, the gods Quetzalcoatl and Tezcatlipoca created a race of giants from ashes, giving them acorns for nourishment. But the giants so enraged the gods due to their wickedness that the gods decided to end the giants’ existence and sent the jaguars to destroy them. Only seven survived the onslaught of the savage beasts. Later, when the gods summoned forth the waters to flood the Earth and destroy the first race of humans, these seven giants, the Xelhua, climbed the mountains to seek refuge from the thrashing waters that were enveloping the planet. Five of the giants survived the torrent, and in the end they built the great tower of Cholula to commemorate their survival of the flood.[xviii]

The Incans similarly believed that Viracocha’s first creation was a race of wicked giants that he destroyed in a deluge.[xix] While it is usually held that all of the Nephilim were drowned in the Flood, there are similar Jewish traditions of one giant’s survival, King Og of Bashan.[xx] A tradition of his survival is preserved in the Talmud.[xxi] Whether one accepts this ancient rabbinic tradition or not, the obvious parallel to the Aztec account entailing a few surviving giants demands an explanation. We suggest both traditions reflect actual historical events. Even so, such high strangeness is not so summarily relegated to the past.

• US Nuclear Target Map. Do You Live in The Danger Zone?

THOMAS HORN DESCRIBES A MYSTERIOUS MOUNTAIN WHERE A PORTAL IS SAID TO EXIST

The Maya hold that Kukulkan, represented as a feathered serpent, came from Heaven to earth. Accordingly, the quetzal bird representing Heaven was chosen as his totem, and the serpent represents earth. Winged serpent iconography features prominently at Chichén Itzá, El Tajín, and throughout the Maya region. As discussed in the chapter 3, the Mayan cosmology has led to significant theological error in the New Age movement and was the impetus for most of the failed 2012 ascension predictions. The cumulative case that these plumed serpent deities are real immortal entities, fallen “fiery flying serpents,” or former Seraphim explains all of the mythological data in terms consistent with biblical theology.

The heinous practice of human sacrifice by the Aztecs,[xxii] Mayans,[xxiii] and Incans[xxiv] is well enough attested to be uncontroversial. Some indigenous scholars defend the old ways on the grounds that, according to their cosmology, the gods did the same for the people. Some stories suggest vampirism, a practice associated with the fallen ones and their Nephilim progenies.[xxv] For example, in a creation myth found in the Florentine Codex, Quetzalcoatl offers his blood to give life to humanity. There are several other myths in which Mesoamerican gods offer their blood.What distinguishes this from the blood of Jesus in Christian theology is that it was a one-time offering by a willing participant who subsequently rose from the dead. In contrast, the Mesoamericans offered even their own flesh-and-blood children in various forms of ritualistic human sacrifice—a brutal idolatry that was good news to nobody. Identifying these blood-thirsty serpents as fallen “sons of God,” who defiantly court worship from humans and encourage various forms of extravagant ethical deviance, seems morally warranted from the original source documents of Mesoamerican religions.

feathered-serpent-god_meso-american-human-sacrifice

It is nearly self-explanatory as to how such concepts of flying serpents could have extended from Mesoamerica to Native American tribes and apocalyptic beliefs. For instance, the “Cherokee Rattlesnake Prophecies” were written down by members of the Cherokee tribe during 1811–1812. These prophecies are similar to Mesoamerican apocalyptic belief and share the idea that sometime following the year 2012, a flying plumed serpent with human-hybrid features would return during a time of when the earth and heavens are shaken.

A portion of the Rattlesnake Prophecy reads:

[Following] the year…2012 an alignment will take place both on the Cherokee calendar and in the heavens of the Rattlesnake Constellation.… It is the time of the double headed serpent stick. It is the time of the red of Orion and Jupiter against the white blue of Pleiades and Venus…the Cherokee Rattlesnake Constellation will take on a different configuration. The snake itself will remain, however; upon the Rattlesnake shall be added upon its head feathers, its eyes will open and glow, wings spring forth as a winged rattlesnake. It shall have hands and arms and in its hands shall be a bowl. The bowl will hold blood. Upon its tail of seven rattles shall be the glowing and movement of Pleiades. The Rattlesnake shall become a feathered rattlesnake or feathered serpent of Time/Untime.

While the Mayans and Cherokee await the return of their serpent deity, uninvited preternatural visitations are ongoing. According to Chulin Pop, a contemporary Mayan, preternatural giants are still visiting the Watcher’s sins on the native peoples in the jungle. Ardy Sixkiller Clarke, a professor at Montana State University, recorded his testimony:

They [seven-to-eight-foot giants] come from the stars in their big silver plates and they stay here sometimes only for a night; sometimes for a week or more. They take the women and make them have their babies. They have four fingers and no thumbs. Any man who tries to defend his women is sick for days. They have great powers. They make you hear words, but they never speak. They have weapons that make rocks and things disappear.

The transparent parallels between the ancient “sons of God,” who sinned “as Sodom and Gomorrah” by “giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh” (Jude 7), worldwide reports of alien abduction, and this contemporary Mayan’s account, suggests a complex interrelated phenomenon. As with the cultural rebellion against biblical morality, modern-day testimony reminiscent of the Watchers’ lustful deviance imply the days of Noah and Lord’s return are upon us (Matthew 24:37; Luke 16:26). Stephen Quayle suggested that Americans consider this little poem, “Quetzalcotal, are evil leaders in this land waiting for you to claim America again as Amaruca, the Land of the Serpent?”

This title—Amaruca—is, according to some people, the title from which “America” is taken. It is related to Mesoamerican history, serpent-worship, and giants, and according to Freemasonry, connects the founding of the United States and its Capital designers with “wisdom” derived from the fallen flying Seraph. Tom Horn explains in Zenith 2016:

The story begins long before the Spaniards arrived on this continent and was chronicled in the hieroglyphic characters (and repeated in oral history) of the sacred, indigenous Maya narrative called the Popol Vuh. Sometime between 1701 and 1703, a Dominican priest named Father Francisco Ximénez transcribed and translated the Mayan work into Spanish. Later his text was taken from Guatemala to Europe by Abbott Brasseur de Bourbough where it was translated into French. Today the Popol Vuh rests in Chicago’s Newberry Library, but what makes the script interesting is its creation narrative, history, and cosmology, especially as it relates to the worship of the great “feathered serpent” creator deity known as Q’uq’umatz; a god considered by scholars to be roughly equivalent to the Aztec god Quetzalcoatl and the Yucatec Mayan Kukulkan. According to Freemasons like Manly P. Hall, no other ancient work sets forth so completely the initiatory rituals of the great school of philosophic mystery, which was so central to America’s Baconian dream of the New Atlantis, than the Popol Vuh. What’s more, Hall says, it is in this region where we find the true origin of America’s name and destiny.

In The Secret Teachings of All Ages, Hall writes:

This volume [Popol Vuh] alone is sufficient to establish incontestably the philosophical excellence of the red race.

“The Red ‘Children of the Sun,’” writes James Morgan Pryse, “do not worship the One God. For them that One God is absolutely impersonal, and all the Forces emanated from that One God are personal. This is the exact reverse of the popular western conception of a personal God and impersonal working forces in nature. Decide for yourself which of these beliefs is the more philosophical [Hall says sarcastically]. These Children of the Sun adore the Plumèd Serpent, who is the messenger of the Sun. He was the God Quetzalcoatl in Mexico, Gucumatz in Quiché; and in Peru he was called Amaru. From the latter name comes our word America. Amaruca is, literally translated, ‘Land of the Plumèd Serpent.’ The priests of this [flying dragon], from their chief centre in the Cordilleras, once ruled both Americas. All the Red men who have remained true to the ancient religion are still under their sway. One of their strong centres was in Guatemala, and of their Order was the author of the book called Popol Vuh. In the Quiché tongue Gucumatz is the exact equivalent of Quetzalcoatl in the Nahuatl language; quetzal, the bird of Paradise; coatl, serpent—‘the Serpent veiled in plumes of the paradise-bird’!”

The Popol Vuh was discovered by Father Ximinez in the seventeenth century. It was translated into French by Brasseur de Bourbourg and published in 1861. The only complete English translation is that by Kenneth Sylvan Guthrie, which ran through the early files of The Word magazine and which is used as the basis of this article. A portion of the Popol Vuh was translated into English, with extremely valuable commentaries, by James Morgan Pryse, but unfortunately his translation was never completed. The second book of the Popol Vuh is largely devoted to the initiatory rituals of the Quiché nation. These ceremonials are of first importance to students of Masonic symbolism and mystical philosophy, since they establish beyond doubt the existence of ancient and divinely instituted Mystery schools on the American Continent. (emphasis added)

Thus from Hall we learn that Freemasons like him believe “ancient and divinely instituted” mystery religion important to students of Masonry came to Amaruca/America—the Land of the Plumèd Serpent—from knowledge that the Red Man received from the dragon himself. What Hall conceals is that, even to this day, in the secret societies, Lucifer is considered this benevolent serpent-god who has nothing more than the best intentions for man, while Jehovah is an evil entity who tries to keep mankind in the dark and punishes him if he seeks the truest wisdom. Since these ancient serpent legends include the Mesoamerican feathered serpent gods and can be looked upon as a historical testament of that Angel thrown down by God, “then perhaps The Land of the Plumèd Serpent may also be known as the Land of Lucifer,” concludes Ken Hudnall in The Occult Connection II: The Hidden Race.

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

01-03-2021 om 16:39 geschreven door peter  

SUNDAY SCREENING: ‘Project Mercury’ (2020)

Our weekly documentary film curated by the editorial team at 21WIRE.

From its beginning in the Second World War, rocket technology honed by Nazi Germany and then exfiltrated to the United States, thus providing the beginnings of the US space program. Just in time for the Cold War, with Washington and NASA locked into an epic competition with is geopolitical rival the Soviet Union. This independent documentary project compiles what is perhaps the most extensive and detailed vérité depictions of this groundbreaking phase of modern space exploration. 

Watch: 

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

01-03-2021 om 15:01 geschreven door peter  

UFO During Flight Test At Santa Lucia Airport, Near Mexico President! Feb 11, 2021 UFO Sighting News.

 

Date of sighting: Feb 11, 2021

Location of sighting: Santa Lucia, Mexico

The eyewitness was watching a news cast about the first plane to land at the Santa Lucia airport. He was watching because the Mexican Air Force was flying in the President of Mexico, Andres Orbrador. But later in the ceremony a non military plane (white) was seen taking off from the runway.  As this plane rose higher and higher upon takeoff, a black disk could be seen hovering in place in the background beyond the unfinished control tower. The eyewitness took out his camera and recorded directly off the TV screen. Its a well known fact that UFOs are frequently seen around presidents doing outdoor events. So this video means a lot. 

 

Now I searched the videos for this particular aircraft and I could only find the craft landing. I could not find it taking off. So...the original news video...eludes me...or was it deleted by the government before the public noticed?

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

01-03-2021 om 14:33 geschreven door peter  

Mysterious Blue Lights In Sky Over Tokyo, Japan March 1, 2021, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: March 1, 2021

Location of sighting: Tokyo, Japan

 

Please keep an open mind, these lights were recorded over Tokyo this week and they took the residence there by surprise. There was no visible beam, as would be the case if it were spot lights. There was also no perfect synchronization as with spot lights too. So I know this to be something different. Something rare and strange. I believe these are energy entities that came from Mount Fuji. Strange lights and have been seen around that volcano and throughout the forest around it. Because these entities are light, they will be hard to record with any camera. When it is recorded like here, the entities appear lighter, harder to see than with the naked eye. Absolute proof that there is an alien base under Mount Fuji. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

01-03-2021 om 14:30 geschreven door peter  

NASA Movie Set Shows UFO Near Dragon Capsule On ISS livestream, Dec 18, 2018, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting:  Dec 18, 2018, but redone well this week
Location of sighting: International Space Station

 

One thing that makes a good UFO researcher into a great one is that we must keep an open mind about things. Often trolls will attack a sighting or eyewitness and cause them to feel ashamed for posting their video and they sometimes as I saw this week, delete it. Well, this time I found a person who took an old sighting and made it new with some nicely done analysis of the event. If we don't strive to understand our past UFO sighting, then how are we even going to grasp the reality of our current ones? 

 

A young lady YouTuber going by Anne did just that. She says this live cam looks just like a movie set! And I really have to agree with her on this. Watch the video below and it will blow your mind! She broke a sighting down and slowed it so that everyone can not only see the UFO, but discuss the possibilities of why it was seen. I love this video! We as a UFO community need more of this!

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

 

Eyewitness Annes states: 

Mysterious object appeared in a brief flash, to never appear again. Doesn't strike me as the Canada Arm. The sequence of events puts the arm in around 47 minutes into the video when the dragon craft is about 30 meters away from the ISS. The craft needed to be 10 meters away for the arm to crab it which occurred much later on. So then, what was observed in the first second of this event?

  

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

01-03-2021 om 14:26 geschreven door peter  

Sacramento, CA: UFOs filmed with IR camera 17-Feb-2021

This UFO activity was recorded over Sacramento, California on 17th February 2021.

Witness report: 

Two lights traveling in a half oval shape then passes another glowing light going the opposite direction then the two slow down and start pulsating.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

01-03-2021 om 14:07 geschreven door peter  

An ancient city has been found in the middle of the ocean

The ancient ruins are located in the middle of the Pacific Ocean and could be the remnants of a long lost ancient civilization. Some even say it was one of the many cities belonging to the mythical Lemurian empire.

Science channel’s series What on Earth analyzed the mystery behind the ancient city ruins located off the coast of Micronasia—a subregion of Oceania, comprising thousands of small islands in the western Pacific Ocean.

The ruins are located on the remote island of Pohnpei, where we find Nan Madol, an archaeological site of great importance. Curiously, the name Nan Madol means “Space in between.”

But despite the fact that Nan Madol has attracted researchers, scholars and authors, little is known about the ancient structures and the people who once called it home.

The entire city of Nan Madol appears to sit on top of a lagoon, connected by a number of different canals and massive stone walls.

According to reports by Research Gate, the entire archaeological site could date back to around the first or second century AD. But there is very little verified information about the ruins.

As noted by Atlas Obscura, human activity dates back to around the first and second century AD, but the site was probably erected around the 12th or 13 the century.

The ancient structures are clearly visible on Google Earth if anyone wants to take a look at the archaeological site from the air.

The archeological site covers an area of around 1.5 kilometers and contains around 100 artificial islets.

The legend behind Nan Madol is fascinating.

Locals believe that Nan Madol began with the arrival of twin sorcerers Olisihpa and Olosohpa from the mythical Western Katau.

They are said to have been much taller than the local inhabitants. The two brothers erected an altar on Nan Madol in order to worship Nahnisohn Sahpw, the god of agriculture.

They performed numerous rituals at the altar and levitated massive stones with the help of a flying dragon.

This brings us to one of the greatest mysteries surrounding Nan Madol. How on Earth did the ancients build this ancient city? And how did they manage to transport the massive blocks of stone across nearly inaccessible terrain?

Researchers suggest that the massive rocks were most likely ‘floated’ via rafts to the different islets.

But, this remains only a theory as the exact means by which the ancient managed to transport the massive stone from distant quarries, over land and water, and then erect them on reef complexes remains a profound archaeological and architectural mystery.

Reference:

• Images From Above Reveal An Ancient City In The Middle Of The Ocean

The door to a lost continent?

{ https://www.ancient-code.com/ }

28-02-2021 om 23:55 geschreven door peter  

'Harbor Seal Rock' on Mars and other new sights intrigue Perseverance rover scientists

28-02-2021 om 23:33 geschreven door peter  

Ancient tree tells chaotic tale of Earth’s magnetic field reversal

By Rich Haridy

An ancient kauri tree log from Ngāwhā, New Zealand

Nelson Parker

A perfectly preserved ancient tree fossil has offered scientists a unique peek into a moment 42,000 years ago when the Earth’s magnetic field went haywire. The impressive study paints a picture of temporary environmental chaos, potentially influencing everything from an increase in cave paintings to the extinction of the Neanderthals.

On the day side of Earth, magnetic reconnection funnels material and energy from the sun into Earth's magnetic environment. 

(Image credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center)

Without the Earth’s magnetic field we’d have a pretty hard time living on the planet. Beyond helping us simply navigate around the world with a compass, the Earth’s magnetic field is fundamental to the existence of life. It helps deflect harmful solar winds and keeps our protective atmosphere in place.

---

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• 

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Iridium levels of submerged crater support dinosaur extinction theory

---

But our planet’s magnetic field is far from static. In fact, it is profoundly dynamic, consistently shifting and fluctuating over time. Every few hundred thousand years it completely flips, with magnetic north switching places with magnetic south.

The last major geomagnetic reversal occurred 780,000 years ago, and plenty of scientists suggest we are well overdue for a similar event. In between these full geomagnetic reversals, which can last up to 10,000 years, we find shorter disruptions to the Earth’s magnetic field. These events are known as geomagnetic excursions.

Geomagnetic excursions are short-lived, and involve temporary changes to the Earth’s magnetic field lasting anywhere from a few hundred to a few thousand years. The most recent recorded geomagnetic excursion is known as the Laschamps excursion and it took place around 42,000 years ago.

"The Laschamps Excursion was the last time the magnetic poles flipped," explains Chris Turney, co-lead author on a landmark new study investigating this transformative event. "They swapped places for about 800 years before changing their minds and swapping back again."

Scientists have known about these dramatic magnetic pole events for a long time but it’s never been clearly understood what kind of impact they have on life or the environment. That is until a few years ago, when an ancient fossilized tree was discovered in New Zealand.

Nelson Parker

Workers preparing a site for a new power-plant unearthed the massive kauri tree trunk, perfectly preserved for 42,000 years, with its rings offering up an incredible 1,700-year record of the Earth’s environmental conditions exactly spanning the period of the Laschamps Excursion.

"For the first time ever, we have been able to precisely date the timing and environmental impacts of the last magnetic pole switch," says Turney. "Using the ancient trees we could measure, and date, the spike in atmospheric radiocarbon levels caused by the collapse of Earth's magnetic field."

In a bold new study, published in the journal Science, the research team used the detailed radiocarbon data from the ancient tree to create a novel timeline of the Earth’s atmosphere across the period spanning the Laschamps Excursion. The team then ran a global climate model, incorporating previously gathered data from all over the world, to explore what acute effects this type of magnetic field disruption had on the environment.

Life, the Universe and Everything

The results reveal an incredibly dramatic period of environmental change, particularly in the stretch of time leading up to the few hundred years the Earth’s magnetic field was reversed. The study calculated a depleted ozone layer, higher levels of ultraviolet radiation and increased atmospheric ionization all coalesced about 42,000 years ago. In tribute to author Douglas Adams – in whose book The Hitchhiker's Guide the the Galaxy, the supercomputer Deep Thought calculates the answer to the ultimate question of life, the universe and everything is "42" – the researchers named this specific period the “Adams Transitional Geomagnetic Event.”

"The more we looked at the data, the more everything pointed to 42," says Turney. "It was uncanny.”

Alan Cooper, co-lead author on the study, suggests a number of novel environmental conditions would have appeared during the so-called Adams Event. Auroras, for example, would have been widespread across the entire planet, alongside extraordinary volumes of electrical storms due to increases in ionized air.

“Early humans around the world would have seen amazing auroras, shimmering veils and sheets across the sky,” says Cooper. “It must have seemed like the end of days.”

Perhaps the most controversial part of the new study is the degree of hypothetical speculations the researchers make between the Adams Event and evolution of life on Earth. One link raised in the study suggests the magnetic field disruption led to an influx of cave art, underpinned by the need for humans to seek shelter from the increase in ultraviolet rays.

“We think that the sharp increases in UV levels, particularly during solar flares, would suddenly make caves very valuable shelters,” suggests Cooper. “The common cave art motif of red ochre handprints may signal it was being used as sunscreen, a technique still used today by some groups.”

Other bold speculations in the study are that the Adams Event both prompted the extinction of several megafauna species in Australia and hastened the end for Neanderthals. Chris Stringer, from the Natural History Museum of London, calls the new study important but also questions some of its broad hypotheses.

“The authors also make a link with the physical extinction of the Neanderthals around 40,000 years ago and I think it could certainly have contributed to their demise,” he said in an interview with The Guardian. “But they did survive longer and ranged more widely than just Europe, and we have a very poor fix on the timing of their final disappearance across swathes of Asia.”

Shifting to what the research can tell us about life on Earth today, Alan Cooper cautiously suggests his team’s research offer novel insights into how the world would be affected if something like the Adams Event were to happen nowadays. He points to current movements of the north magnetic pole across the Northern Hemisphere as a potential warning sign.

"This speed – alongside the weakening of Earth's magnetic field by around nine per cent in the past 170 years – could indicate an upcoming reversal," says Cooper. "If a similar event happened today, the consequences would be huge for modern society. Incoming cosmic radiation would destroy our electric power grids and satellite networks."

The new study was published in the journal Science, and the short video below narrated by Stephen Fry gives an overview of the Adams Event.

Paleopocalypse! - Narrated by Stephen Fry.

Source: 

• UNSW

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://newatlas.com/ }

28-02-2021 om 23:17 geschreven door peter  

New Videos: Today More Ships Arrived: UFO – Corpuscular Ship. It Comes From The 5. Dimension. 13.February.2019.

New Videos: autor videos :Martin Mikuaš
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqTsbLs3EHDr7Cw4r8j88QQ
On theThese ships reacts with anger only by my dog but by all the dogs in the vicinity.
The ship is constructed from the light.

Corpuscular ship is constructed in detail in accordance with the law of God in the form of light energy. Light corpuscular ship is therefore better as a spiritual power manifested corpuscular ships. The ship can move faster than light. When the object moves faster than light, disappearing from sight. Goes into another dimension.

The human eye sees everything that is inside of the light spectrum. When I mention the light spectrum and hit the light spectrum of the sun. With increased intensity of light would blind man. His senses would not notice a higher form of vibration. It can not therefore see the world resulting on a different frequency, although located around beside him. Corpuscular ship can move at high speed. It is therefore invisible to the human eye.

By increasing the energy of the corpuscular vessel there is an increase of its speed. If it goes into the vessel by its frequency, it means that moves slower than the maximum speed. This makes it the human eye sees. It manifests itself in the form of light. Reducing the speed to changing light and the human eye, the ship must appear as a solid object. If the moving ship and if it stays on the molecular level, the maximum rate will remain invisible to the human eye. That they are explained in words that corpuscular ship may be the front door of your house and you will not see it. The ship can come to a man secretly. People of it may remain hidden from man.

The people of the corpuscular vessels reduces its frequency to a protein molecule in the cell become visible to the human eye. They therefore come secretly and suddenly appear before you in the form of light and energy. At that moment comes the light source, the energy in the form of spirit. You will be influenced by your spirit will be affected the most energy, which manifested itself around you and you will be allowed contact with corpuscular ships. In contact with them you should not worry. Believe me, it’s something natural.

There is nothing mysterious. Only one who manifests the spirit of mentally able to take this energy will be able to experience the transition from one age to another.

For all who write to me that it is a star, a planet or a drone. I have a link .in contact with aliens for almost 50 years and I know very well what their ship is and what is not….Martin Mikuaš

{ https://dailymysteries.com/ }

28-02-2021 om 22:14 geschreven door peter  

U.S. Alien-Hunters Identify 1000 Potential Watching Stations

A scientific team of American alien hunters claims that if advanced life does indeed exist on any one of a 1,000 different star systems, they could be watching Earth right now! American alien hunters are probably the world’s most active and advanced when it comes to this kind of hunting: they have the best equipment and are likely also the best funded. This team’s latest findings suggest new possibilities in the hunt for alien life . . .

American Alien Hunters Say: Someone’s Watching

Looking for exoplanets orbiting remote stars requires American alien hunters and astronomers to fix their telescopes on distant suns and monitor them for dimming, which occurs when a planet passes between the star and the telescope. By analyzing how the light changes as stars dim, scientists are able to determine the chemicals present in the passing planet's atmosphere. But while this method is revealing, it’s also exceptionally restricted as it only works for planets orbiting between Earth and the observed star.

According to a new study published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society “1,004 star systems are in a direct line of sight to our planet,” and all of them are all close enough to Earth that if any were, or are, inhabited by an advanced lifeform, “they could detect us.”

While alien hunters search for alien life, it could well be that alien life has been watching us on Earth for a very long time.

(Kamila Bay / Adobe Stock )

Are We Being Watched By Aliens Right Now?

Dr Lisa Kaltenegger, a Cornell University astronomer, published a new paper asking some fascinating questions relating to possible alien life from the perspective of alien hunters. For example, which nearby stars are situated appropriately for any inhabitants to watch Earth cross (transit) the sun; and in those star systems, could those life forms detect signs indicating us inhabiting the Earth's surface? The results of Dr Kaltenegger’s study suggest a great number of nearby stars systems, if inhabited, might have their scientific equipment trained on us right now. And this has also created a lot of excitement among alien hunters.

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Humans are bound to a location in spacetime in which we have developed five primary senses tuned for survival on planet Earth. When it comes to monitoring microscopic levels of universal existence, and possible life at vast distances in deep space, we build innovative tools to do these jobs. To assist in this new study the scientists used the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite ( TESS), a scientific weapon on the frontline of space exploration. The scientists said this incredibly advanced satellite would see Earth as “a biosphere in the atmosphere of our Pale Blue Dot.”

Alien hunters use advanced satellites to monitor deep space for alien communication and for potential planets that could be watching us right now!

(Andrey Armyagov / Adobe Stock )

Where Could Some Of These Alien Astronomers Be Hiding?

The new alien hunters’ journal study looked at star systems within a distance of 326 light-years from Earth and discovered “1,004” are located in a position from which alien astronomers could see our planet. Furthermore, the researchers stated that “508 have viewing angles that would give them at least 10 hours of observational data every time Earth passed between that location and the Sun.” Based on the study these are the ideal conditions for spotting our little blue-green planet and the signs of life in its atmosphere.

An estimated 5% of these 1,004 stars capable of watching Earth orbiting the Sun are too young for intelligent life to have evolved. However, the research team of alien hunters say the other 95% belong to star categories that can “sustain life for billions of years,” which under the correct conditions is long enough for intelligent life to have evolved.

The Next Steps In The Scientific Quest To Find Alien Life

Most of the 1,004 stars are located at the maximum 326 light-year distance, but the closest one orbiting a sun is only 28 light-years distant from Earth. The alien hunters research team have identified several more that are on a trajectory to enter the Earth’s observation zone by 2044. To advance their research the scientific team of American alien hunters are now planning a reanalysis of the 1,004 stars identified in their paper with SETI' s Breakthrough Listening program. This program is capable of detecting communications from advanced alien civilizations. SETI scientists look for both microscopic and macroscopic life in outer space with space rovers, orbiters, field expeditions, and radio telescopes.

According to the SETI website, there are “one hundred billion” potentially habitable planets just in our galaxy, and many of the moons, like those orbiting Mars, Jupiter and Saturn , have environments that could also have supported biological life. If you think this is all highly speculative, you would be wrong. This is because with so many potentially life-supporting planets the SETI website says, “it ’s reasonable to imagine that at least some are populated by intelligent beings.” This is good news indeed for all alien hunters!

• Top image: Could aliens on a distant planet in our solar system be watching us now? This is the big question that American alien hunters are asking in the latest published scientific study.                        
• Source: pixel / Adobe Stock

By Ashley Cowie

ALL RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{https://www.ancient-origins.net/general }

28-02-2021 om 21:54 geschreven door peter  

 Dogon ritual dance, Mali.

( CC BY 2.0 )

The Dogon’s Extraordinary Knowledge of the Cosmos and the Cult of Nommo

France, 1920: Marcel Griaule is a young man who is very well-established in his studies, especially in mathematics. He has recently served as a volunteer in the French Air Force and aspires to attend the prestigious Lycée Louis le Grande.

Although his future already seems marked, fate has other plans for him - a new road that begins to take shape when he decides to attend a conference that same year. The speakers are Marcel Mauss, anthropologist, sociologist, and historian of religions, and Marcel Cohen, linguist.

Griaule is struck by their words and decides to devote himself entirely to the study of anthropology. Between 1928 and 1933 he took part in two ethnographic expeditions, and in this period (1930) he came into contact with a mysterious African tribe: the Dogon.

• Did Ancient Aliens Impart Advanced Astronomical Knowledge to the Dogon Tribe?
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Dogon men in their ceremonial attire.

(Devriese/ CC BY 3.0 )

The opportunity was given to him during a period of study in Mali alongside his pupil Germaine Dieterlen, who was also a pupil of Mauss and deeply interested in the study of ancient myths. From that moment, the mystery of the Nommo is born. It is an element of an ancient heritage of which we cannot expand without having first spoken of the Dogon people 

One People, Many Mysteries

The Dogon are a tribe that lives in a desert land of Mali, near the border with Burkina Faso. It is a place that welcomed them after their escape to avoid the expansionist pressures of the medieval empires…we are around the year 1000, during the fierce battles on the banks of the Niger river.

Many researchers have already discussed the range of mysteries that surround these people, but what interests us particularly for the development of the hypotheses contained in this article is their complex cosmogony, based on faith in a creative god, Amma, and in a creation produced by the movements of the “Egg of the World”.

A Dogon schematic of the “egg of the world” .

( Nothing Too Trivial )

On the basis of these beliefs, the “Nommo”, the eight pro-genitors of the Dogon, brought to Earth a basket containing the clay necessary to build the grain stores of their villages. This image, which at first sight appears quite simple and devoid of particular significance, hides in reality a very profound knowledge of the universe and of the celestial bodies.

The granary represents the universe, its scales symbolize both the males and females that generated the Dogon and the various stars and constellations: in this sense we will find the Pleiades in the north, Orion in the south, and a comet in the west. So, everything started with a “basket”, or container, that carried life.

The Pleiades (Seven Sisters).

( Public Domain )

Dogon Astronomical Knowledge

But the thing that most struck the two scholars was the finding that, despite the Dogon having come into contact with our civilization in fairly recent times (about the beginning of the century), they possessed incredible scientific and astronomical knowledge. Some of this knowledge was certainly the result of a cultural heritage that is millennia old, but one element in particular has decidedly current characteristics - the detailed knowledge of the star Sirius.

The Dogon were in fact aware of the fact that Sirius is a binary system (i.e. a system consisting of two stars, Sirius A and Sirius B); they were aware of the fact that Sirius B revolves around Sirius A with an elliptical orbit and over a period corresponding to 50 years; and the most disconcerting discovery was that the Dogon knew the exact position of Sirius A within the ellipse.

Sirius A and Sirius B as seen by the Hubble Space Telescope. The white dwarf can be seen to the lower left.

(NASA, ESA, H. Bond/STScI, M. Barstow/University of Leicester/ CC BY 3.0 )

Many may wonder what is so disconcerting about all this? The amazement arises from the fact that it was only in 1862 when the American astronomer Alvan Clark deduced the existence of Sirius B using a telescope, among the most advanced for that era, and it was not before 1970 that there was confirmation of the existence of this star, not to mention a photograph of it.

Yet the Dogon knew of it hundreds of years before, and not only that, they called Sirius B with the name of “Po Tolo”; this name is certainly the most apt and shocking way to describe this system, the term Tolo, in fact, means star, while Po refers to a typical cereal that has the characteristic of being extremely heavy despite its small size; an expression, therefore, very close to reality since Sirius B is a white dwarf and, as such, has a very high density.

A Dogon diagram said to represent Sirius B’s elliptical orbit around Sirius A.

( CC BY SA 3.0 )

All this information is practically inaccessible without adequate astronomical equipment, and it is useless to specify that the Dogon had never come into possession of any such instrument, they even ignored its existence.

But the mystery does not end here, the Dogon, in fact, used to represent the planet Saturn as surrounded by a sort of halo, thus demonstrating that they knew of its rings; moreover, they knew that the planet Jupiter had around “four companions”, which correspond exactly to its four main moons.

An artistic representation of Jupiter and its moons.

( CC0)

As if this were not enough, they depicted the Earth as a sphere and knew that this sphere revolves around its axis, and together with other spheres (the planets), around the sun; last, but not least, it is surprising that the Dogon, or in any case the elders of the village, described our galaxy as an immense spiral shape. We know very well that this concept began to be disclosed by Western astronomers only at the beginning of this century.

For the Dogon, Sirius B was the first star created by God and it represents the fulcrum of the Universe. All matter developed from it, including souls, following a complex spiral motion - the same that is symbolized in the intertwined baskets.

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Saturn is surrounded by rings, Jupiter has four main moons, and four calendars are used: one for the Sun, one for the Moon, one for Sirius, and one for Venus. Needless to say, that the Dogon believe a truth attested from ancient times - the fact that the planets orbit around the Sun.

The Dogon know what, logically, they should not know; their knowledge is not the result of ancient legacies acquired by observing the sky and the stars with the naked eye, as happened in other civilizations, they simply “know”; this is the most disturbing part of the Dogon mystery.

‘Master of the Slanted Eyes.’ Antropomorphic representation, probably a Dogon ancestor figure. 

(Public Domain )

The Nommo Cult

An old Dogon legend tells of when the God of the universe, Amma, sent the Nommo to earth. This was a half-man, half-amphibian creature which landed in the land of the Fox, a territory northeast of Bandiagara, in the Mopti region; the Nommo was red, but when it touched the ground it became white.

Mali, Dogon container This container shows the "Ark of the world", in which Nommo, the mythical progenitor of humanity, is supposed to have come down from the sky.

( CC BY-SA 3.0 )

The name Nommo derives from a Dogon word that translates as “to do well”; much more often, however, this is remembered as “The Master of Water” (perhaps a reference to the fact that the Nommo could not survive out of water), the Admonitor, or the Destroyer.

Nommo Figure with Raised Arms .

(Brooklyn Museum/ CC BY 3.0 )

We do not know exactly how this figure can be placed in the various events that characterized the growth of the Dogon culture, but it is not so difficult to identify other very similar creatures in different cultures - not only geographically distant but also with respect to various historical moments.

• The ancient wonder and veneration of the dog star Sirius
• The awesome, terrible, and unknowable creator gods through history

The same type of creature is present in a history of Mesopotamia written during the III Century BC from the priest Beroso; his name was Oannes, his body was similar to that of a fish, he lived only in water, and had feet similar to those of man. Are these images referring to the same event?

Oannes.

(Dr.regosistvan/ CC BY SA 4.0 )

In any case, this ancient, almost primordial figure occupies a prominent place in all African cultures; not infrequently, for example, in the most internal areas of Africa. People belonging to monotheistic religions turn to the priests of the various villages because in situations of extreme difficulty they invoke the assistance of the Nommo.

Finally, let us not forget the God fish Dagon of the Philistines, and the same symbol of the fish which the first Christians used to represent their deity. Whoever or whatever it was, the Nommo still continues to lengthen its shadow on African territory, perhaps as a messenger waiting to be able to reveal ancient truths to those who have the courage and the predisposition of mind to listen to it.

Nommo Archetype. 

(Nothing Too Trivial )

By Roberto La Paglia

• Roberto La Paglia is a contributing writer for the magazine Veritas Arcana  and this article has been republished with permission.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://www.ancient-origins.net/ }

28-02-2021 om 21:38 geschreven door peter  

Today’s article is focused on two things that most people probably wouldn’t think have a connection to each other: (a) Crop Circles; and (b) “missing time” (similar to the type that occurs in the “alien abduction” phenomenon). Very early on in his Crop Circle research, Matthew Williams (both a creator and a researcher of Crop Circles) came to realize something deeply strange and highly intriguing. Namely, that many people who make the formations experiencing unusual phenomena in the fields – and on numerous occasions in the formations of their very own making. For example, Matt has experienced (as have a number of other, well-known Circle-makers, more than a few of who are reluctant to speak on the record) a wealth of weird phenomena in Crop Circles that he himself created. That included seeing small, aerial balls of light zipping around, detecting unexplained animal-like presences, and even experiencing significant periods of missing time. Matt explained to me what he believes lies at the heart of all this. It involves, he concludes, a belief system suggesting that crop circles are somewhat akin to 21^st Century versions of Stonehenge or the Avebury Stones. They are rather like modern-day – but highly alternative – temples that, via ritual magic, can be instilled with extraordinary properties that, in turn, lead to the sometimes unusual effects experienced within such formations.This brings me to a fascinating story of missing time in a Crop Circle.

This incident I’m about to share with you occurred in 1989 and involved a man named Paul Farrant and a Woman in Black. Paul is someone who I met in the U.K. back in the summer of 1997. At the time, Paul spent ten days checking out the Crop Circles that had appeared during that summer in the county of Wiltshire, England – which is where most of the formations are made on a yearly basis. I was there for two weeks, with Irene Bott of the Staffordshire UFO Group, and gave a few lectures in the area at the same time, which is how I got to know Paul. He had a story to tell that involved missing time, but not at all of the type associated with alien abductions. Paul told me that he had been walking around one of the formations just as the sun was starting to rise when a woman appeared – seemingly out of nowhere. She was dressed in a long black cape that had a black hood. Paul said her skin was extremely pale and her face was very thin. She engaged him in what seemed to be a very short conversation about time travel and then, oddly, warning him not to dig too deep into the subject. So, why did she bring up the matter in the first place? I have no idea. Neither did Paul.

The Woman in Black then turned away and exited the huge and intricate formation. For reasons that he was unable to understand, Paul felt both nauseous and frightened. Here’s the strangest part of the story: Paul found himself quite confused, due to the fact that although it seemed to have been a brief encounter, when he checked he realized there was far more to it. According to his watch, close to three-quarters-of-an-hour were missing from Paul’s memory. And, although the woman had something to say to Paul of a warning nature, he couldn’t remember exactly what he said in response to her. It puzzled, and worried, him for weeks. One final thing: not only had Paul lost around forty-five minutes of his life, but his watch had gone forward three hours. There’s no doubt this is a very strange story, but it demonstrates that when one is in Crop Circles, time-based anomalies are not unknown. Paul’s case is a perfect, but mystifying, example.

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

28-02-2021 om 17:55 geschreven door peter  

Modern analysis of an ancient painting found on the walls of an Egyptian prince’s tomb has revealed very interesting and surprising results. The artwork, which was discovered back in 1871 at an Egyptian archaeological site called Meidum, depicted a never-before-seen species of goose.

New analysis was conducted last year by Anthony Romilio from the University of Queensland in Australia who studied in greater detail the six birds that were depicted in a 4,600-year-old painting known as the “Meidum Geese” that was found in the burial chambers of Prince Nefermaat I and his wife Itet (the painting is now in the Museum of Egyptian Antiquities in Cairo). It has been described by historians as being “one of the great masterpieces of the Egyptian animal genre.” And it wasn’t just geese that were represented in the paintings inside of the tomb as dogs, leopards, cattle, and white antelope (called addax) were also depicted in great detail.

The geese, however, were incredibly unique as two of them belonged to a completely unknown species. “Artistic licence could account for the differences with modern geese, but artworks from this site have extremely realistic depictions of other birds and mammals,” Romilio explained.

White-fronted goose

It is believed that two of the three birds that were looking towards the left were white-fronted geese (also called Anser albifrons). These birds are medium-sized and are still present in the Northern Hemisphere and North America. The first and last birds could have either been greylag geese or bean geese.

As for the two birds facing to the right, they looked similar to red-breasted geese (Branta ruficollis) that live in the western part of Europe; however, there is doubt as that species has never been found in Egypt. With so much uncertainty surrounding that species, Romilio compared thirteen visible characteristics from the pictures of the two right-facing birds in the painting to the red-breasted goose species. “

Red-breasted goose

His analysis revealed that there were too many differences so the birds in the painting couldn’t have been red-breasted geese. “This is a highly effective method in identifying species – using quantitative measurements of key bird features – and greatly strengthens the value of the information to zoological and ecological science,” he noted.

So, what species of bird was it? Based on their extended flank plumes, they would have stood out compared to other geese – a feature that hasn’t been identified in modern species, indicating that it is probably extinct. “From a zoological perspective, the Egyptian artwork is the only documentation of this distinctively patterned goose, which appears now to be globally extinct,” Romilio stated. The reasoning behind that specific species going extinct is currently unknown. (Pictures of the painting can be seen here.)

(Romilio, J of Arch Sci: Reports, 2021)

An evolutionary biologist thinks these grey geese are an example of an extinct species

Credit: romilio

The research was published in the Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports where it can be read in full.

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

28-02-2021 om 17:43 geschreven door peter  

White Sphere Near Jet Over Kansas City, Missouri Sept 29, 2020, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Sept 29, 2020

Location of sighting:  Kansas City, Missouri, USA

 

A white sphere was seen over Kansas back in Sept of 2020, but the eyewitness waited until this week to upload the video to share it. That does happen alot actually. People often need a bit of time to process what they saw, before releasing the information to the public. This object was recorded near a passenger jet that was flying past. When I compare the size of he UFO with the jet itself, it comes out to about 1/5th the size or close to eight meters across! Lets say this jet was a 727, not even a 747 or bigger. A 727 is 40.5 meters across. We see this UFO in the sky is about 1/4 to 1/5 the length of the plane. Thus, the UFO averages out to 8 meters. Thats big enough for two pilots. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

28-02-2021 om 17:23 geschreven door peter  

BEST UFO videos | February 2021

I was just LIVE on our Facebook page and Youtube channel. You can watch the video again right here!

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

28-02-2021 om 17:13 geschreven door peter  

FBI Confirms Report of ‘Long, Cylindrical’ UFO ‘Moving Really Fast’ Over New Mexico

 BY ANDREW DANIELS

GETTY IMAGES

• American Airlines pilots encountered a strange UFO over New Mexico.

• The “long, cylindrical object” looked like a “cruise missile type of thing,” one pilot said in a leaked radio transmission.

• American Airlines and the Federal Aviation Administration have confirmed the encounter, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation is also aware of the report, but the nature of the UFO remains a mystery.

---

An American Airlines flight crew encountered an unidentified flying object over New Mexico on February 21. American Airlines has confirmed the strange incident, during which a “long, cylindrical object that almost looked like a cruise missile” zipped over the Airbus A320, according to a pilot’s transmission obtained by The War Zone.

➡ You love searching for the truth. So do we. Let's find it together.

American Airlines Flight 2292 was en route from Cincinnati to Phoenix on Sunday afternoon when it came into contact with the mysterious object at approximately 37,000 feet over northeastern New Mexico. Radio interceptor Steve Douglass captured Flight 2292’s transmission on the Albuquerque Center frequency of 127.850 MHz or 134.750 MHz.

In the transmission, which you can hear below, the American Airlines pilot reported:

“Do you have any targets up here? We just had something go right over the top of us. I hate to say this, but it looked like a long, cylindrical object that almost looked like a cruise missile type of thing—moving really fast right over the top of us.”

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Albuquerque Center didn’t respond to the pilot’s report because local air traffic interfered, Douglass wrote on his blog, Deep Black Horizon. American Airlines Flight 2292 safely landed in Phoenix shortly after the encounter.

American Airlines later confirmed with The War Zone the validity of the transmission:

Following a debrief with our Flight Crew and additional information received, we can confirm this radio transmission was from American Airlines Flight 2292 on Feb. 21. For any additional questions on this, we encourage you to reach out to the FBI.

When TMZ reached out to the FBI, spokesperson Frank Fisher said the Bureau is “aware of the reported incident.” He continued: “While our policy is to neither confirm nor deny investigations, the FBI works continuously with our federal, state, local, and tribal partners to share intelligence and protect the public.”

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) also released a short statement confirming the encounter:

A pilot reported seeing an object over New Mexico shortly after noon local time on Sunday, Feb. 21, 2021. FAA air traffic controllers did not see any object in the area on their radarscopes.

As The War Zone points out, New Mexico is indeed home to White Sands Missile Range, the sprawling stretch of desert where the U.S. military has long tested everything from nuclear weapons to V-2 rockets. The site is actually the birthplace of America’s space program, and today is home not just to a space capsule landing field, but the latest in weapons tech, too, from lasers to electromagnetic railguns.

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But White Sands is approximately 400 miles away from the site of Sunday encounter’s west of Clayton, New Mexico, and it’s unlikely a weapon like a cruise missile could have “gone off the reservation” during a test, The War Zone’s Tyler Rogoway observes.

Scott Stearns, the chief of public affairs at White Sands, told Fox News the missile range wasn’t testing anything on Sunday. “We have no idea what it could have been or if anything similar has been sighted in that area before.”

The War Zone has dispelled the speculation that the American Airlines pilots may have seen a Learjet 60 that flew over Flight 2292. “One major issue with this theory was that this occurred about nine minutes before the radio call was supposedly made,” Rogoway writes. “In addition, the Learjet was traveling 5,000 feet above the Airbus and passed in front of it at an angle about eight miles in distance. This is not something out of the ordinary that the pilots should have reacted to in such a puzzled fashion.”

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The Learjet in question flew from Salt Lake to Boca Raton without any deviations according to online tracking software. Regardless, the FAA would have known about the Learjet and where it was in time and space in relation to American Airlines Airbus when it made the radio call, especially after three days of investigation. So, barring a massive oversight in evaluating the available information, we can toss out the Learjet theory based on the FAA's official statement.

Rogoway is executing “a full FOIA [Freedom of Information Act] request on this case with the FAA” on behalf of The War Zone, he writes. In the meantime, speculation persists.

In a Reddit thread about the incident on r/UFOs, user Can_Not_Double_Dutch, who purports to be an airline pilot, provides information that raises additional questions about the “very weird” encounter:

Airline pilot here: Between 28,000'-40,000' (FL280-FL400) aircraft are in RVSM (Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum) airspace, which means crossing traffic can be + or - 1,000' from you. This airspace is highly controlled. And if another aircraft is transmitting on their Transponder code then you can see that aircraft on your TCAS (Traffic Collision system). For ATC controllers and pilots not to be able to see this UFO on any of their systems is very weird. And pilots never want to be the one to say UFO on radio.

Even if authorized to fly through military airspace the ATC controllers would say military airspace is cold. If missiles are being tested then a NOTAM (Notice to Airmen) would be issued and airspace closed off.

So I would say something was up there and passing by airlines.

Even if we don’t learn more about the bizarre object at the center of this week’s encounter, 2021 promises to be an important year for the advancement of UFO disclosure.

Last August, the Department of Defense (DoD) officially approved the establishment of an Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) Task Force (UAPTF). The task force will investigate the sightings of UAPs, also known as UFOs.

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The task force is the first official government program affiliated with UFO research since a 2000s-era unit that analyzed unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and other UAPs lost its funding in 2012, even though multiple sources confirmed with Popular Mechanics that the unit remained active in secrecy after its shuttering.

The DoD formed the UAPTF to “improve its understanding of, and gain insight into, the nature and origins of UAPs,” Pentagon spokesperson Sue Gough told Popular Mechanics at the time. “The mission of the task force is to detect, analyze, and catalog UAPs that could potentially pose a threat to U.S. national security.”

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In last June’s Intelligence Authorization Act (IAA), the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (SSCI) authorized appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for the UAPTF and supported its efforts to reveal any links that UAP “have to adversarial foreign governments, and the threat they pose to U.S. military assets and installations.”

In the IAA, the Select Committee on Intelligence said it “remains concerned that there is no unified, comprehensive process within the federal government for collecting and analyzing intelligence on [UAP], despite the potential threat,” and so it directed the task force to report its findings on UAP, “including observed airborne objects that have not been identified,” within 180 days.

When former President Donald Trump signed the coronavirus relief and government funding bill into law in December 2020, it contained the IAA for Fiscal Year 2021, which means the UAPTF must report its findings to Congress by June 25. What will the task force reveal?

{ https://www.popularmechanics.com/ }

28-02-2021 om 01:31 geschreven door peter