Why Habitable Exoplanets Are Bad News for Humanity's Future

• This article was originally published on The Conversation.
  

Last week, scientists announced the discovery of Kepler-186f, a planet 492 light years away in the Cygnus constellation. Kepler-186f is special because it marks the first planet almost exactly the same size as Earth orbiting in the “habitable zone” – the distance from a star in which we might expect liquid water, and perhaps life.

What did not make the news, however, is that this discovery also slightly increases how much credence we give to the possibility of near-term human extinction. This because of a concept known as the Great Filter.

The Great Filter is an argument that attempts to resolve the Fermi Paradox: why have we not found aliens, despite the existence of hundreds of billions of solar systems in our galactic neighborhood in which life might evolve? As the namesake physicist Enrico Fermi noted, it seems rather extraordinary that not a single extraterrestrial signal or engineering project has been detected (UFO conspiracy theorists notwithstanding).

This apparent absence of thriving extraterrestrial civilizations suggests that at least one of the steps from humble planet to interstellar civilization is exceedingly unlikely. The absence could be caused because either intelligent life is extremely rare or intelligent life has a tendency to go extinct. This bottleneck for the emergence of alien civilizations from any one of the many billions of planets is referred to as the Great Filter.

Are We Alone?
What exactly is causing this bottleneck has been the subject of debate for more than 50 years. Explanations could include a paucity of Earth-like planets or self-replicating molecules. Other possibilities could be an improbable jump from simple prokaryotic life (cells without specialized parts) to more complex eukaryotic life – after all, this transition took well over a billion years on Earth.

Proponents of this “Rare Earth” hypothesis also argue that the evolution of complex life requires an exceedingly large number of perfect conditions. In addition to Earth being in the habitable zone of the sun, our star must be far enough away from the galactic centre to avoid destructive radiation, our gas giants must be massive enough to sweep asteroids from Earth’s trajectory, and our unusually large moon stabilizes the axial tilt that gives us different seasons.

These are just a few prerequisites for complex life. The emergence of symbolic language, tools and intelligence could require other such “perfect conditions” as well.

Or Is the Filter Ahead of Us?
While emergence of intelligent life could be rare, the silence could also be the result of intelligent life emerging frequently but subsequently failing to survive for long. Might every sufficiently advanced civilization stumble across a suicidal technology or unsustainable trajectory? We know that a Great Filter prevents the emergence of prosperous interstellar civilizations, but we don’t know whether or not it lies in humanity’s past or awaits us in the future.

For 200,000 years humanity has survived supervolcanoes, asteroid impacts, and naturally occurring pandemics. But our track record of survival is limited to just a few decades in the presence of nuclear weaponry. And we have no track record at all of surviving many of the radically novel technologies that are likely to arrive this century.

Esteemed scientists such as Astronomer Royal Martin Rees at the Cambridge Center for the Study of Existential Risk point to advances in biotechnology as being potentially catastrophic. Others such as Stephen Hawking, Max Tegmark and Stuart Russell, also with the Cambridge Center, have expressed serious concern about the exotic but understudied possibility of machine superintelligence.

Let’s Hope Kepler-186f is Barren
When the Fermi Paradox was initially proposed, it was thought that planets themselves were rare. Since then, however, the tools of astronomy have revealed the existence of hundreds of exoplanets. That just seems to be the tip of the iceberg.

But each new discovery of an Earth-like planet in the habitable zone, such as Kepler-186f, makes it less plausible that there are simply no planets aside from Earth that might support life. The Great Filter is thus more likely to be lurking in the path between habitable planet and flourishing civilization.

If Kepler-186f is teeming with intelligent life, then that would be really bad news for humanity. For that fact would push back the Great Filter’s position further into the technological stages of a civilization’s development. We might then expect that catastrophe awaits both our extraterrestrial companions and ourselves.

In the case of Kepler-186f, we still have many reasons to think intelligent life might not emerge. The atmosphere might be too thin to prevent freezing, or the planet might be tidally locked, causing a relatively static environment. Discovery of these hostile conditions should be cause for celebration. As philosopher Nick Bostrom once said:

The silence of the night sky is golden … in the search for extraterrestrial life, no news is good news. It promises a potentially great future for humanity.

• Image courtesy NASA

08-03-2020 om 00:26 geschreven door peter  

NASA's Curiosity rover took this selfie in 2019.

NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS/Kevin M. Gill

Although our understanding of the Martian molecules is limited and incomplete, the information we do have could be consistent with life on the Red Planet billions of years ago.

The molecules were actually extracted by the Curiosity rover from a mudstone section of the Gale Crater called the Murray Formation; a study on the finding was published in 2018. The initial experiments revealed a number of molecules, including a group of aromatic compounds called thiophenes.

Here on Earth, these compounds are usually found in some pretty interesting places. They show up in crude oil - made of compressed and superheated dead organisms such as zooplankton and algae; and coal - made of compressed and superheated dead plants.

The compound is thought to form abiotically - that is, through a physical process, not a biological one - when sulphur reacts with organic hydrocarbons at temperatures greater than 120 degrees Celsius (248°F), a reaction called thermochemical sulphate reduction (TSR).

However, while this reaction is abiotic, the hydrocarbons and sulphur can both be of biological origin. So, researchers set out to investigate how thiophenes could have formed on Mars.

"We identified several biological pathways for thiophenes that seem more likely than chemical ones, but we still need proof," said astrobiologist Dirk Schulze-Makuch of Washington State University.

"If you find thiophenes on Earth, then you would think they are biological, but on Mars, of course, the bar to prove that has to be quite a bit higher."

There are a number of ways thiophenes could have emerged on Mars without necessitating the presence of life. For instance, thiophenes have been detected in meteorites; so extramartian rocks could have carried the molecules in.

Geological processes can also produce the heat necessary for TSR, especially back when Mars was volcanically active; and volcanic activity, of course, also produces sulphur.

But there's something interesting about the Martian thiophenes. The processes described above require the sulphur to be nucleophilic, that is, the sulphur atoms donate electrons to form a bond with their reaction partner. Yet most of the sulphur on Mars exists as non-nucleophilic sulphates.

These can be reduced to nucleophilic sulphides via TSR. But there's another possibility, too - biological sulphate reduction (BSR). Some bacteria - and white truffles, too, actually, although you probably won't find those on Mars - can synthesise thiophenes.

So it's possible that when Mars was a warmer, wetter place than it is today, around 3 billion years ago, that bacterial colonies existed, and produced the thiophenes. This could occur even in below-zero temperatures. Then, when Mars dried up, the thiophenes were left there for Curiosity to dig out of the mudstone all these years later.

Sadly, the sample was a bit damaged. Curiosity uses an analysis technique called pyrolysis that heats the samples to over 500 degrees Celsius. So there's a limit to the knowledge we can glean from what survived.

But the Rosalind Franklin rover, scheduled for launch in July, will have on board an instrument that is much less destructive. So any thiophenes it digs out of the ground may be more intact when analysis is applied.

In addition, the carbon and sulphur isotopes could be revealing, too. That's because living organisms prefer lighter isotopes; if the thiophenes contain lighter isotopes, that could weight the evidence towards biological processes too.

Sadly, we probably won't know for sure based on just what our robotic friends can dig out of the ground.

"As Carl Sagan said 'extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence'," Schulze‑Makuch said.

"I think the proof will really require that we actually send people there, and an astronaut looks through a microscope and sees a moving microbe."

• The research has been published in Astrobiology.

{ https://www.sciencealert.com/ }

08-03-2020 om 00:00 geschreven door peter  

What’s the Difference Between Dark Matter and Dark Energy?

Our universe is dominated by mysterious and invisible forms of matter and energy that have yet to be fully (or adequately) understood.

Two galaxy clusters collided to create the “Bullet Cluster,” shown here. Normal matter is shown in pink and the rest of the matter is illustrated in blue, revealing that dark matter dominates this enormous cluster.

(Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/CfA/M.Markevitch et al.; Optical: NASA/STScI; Magellan/U.Arizona/D.Clowe et al.; Lensing Map: NASA/STScI; ESO WFI; Magellan/U.Arizona/D.Clowe et al.)

Dark matter cannot be photographed, but researchers can detect it and map it by measuring gravitational lensing. Its distribution is shown here in the blue overlay of the inner region of Abell 1689, a cluster of galaxies 2.2 billion light-years away.

 (Credit: NASA/ESA/JPL-Caltech/Yale/CNRS)

Dark Matter

In the 1930s, Swiss-born astronomer Fritz Zwicky studied images of the roughly 1,000 galaxies that make up the Coma Cluster — and he spotted something funny about their behavior. The galaxies moved so fast that they should simply fly apart. He speculated that some kind of “dark matter” held them together. 

Decades later, astronomers Vera Rubin and Kent Ford found a similar phenomenon when they studied the rotation rates of individual galaxies. The stars at a galaxy’s outer edge should circle slower than stars near the center. That’s the way planets in our solar system orbit. Instead, they noticed that the stars on a galaxy’s outskirts orbit just as fast — or faster — than the stars closer in. Rubin and Ford had found more evidence that some invisible form of matter is apparently holding the universe together.

“Even stars at the periphery are orbiting at high velocities,” Rubin once explained in an interview with Discover. “There has to be a lot of mass to make the stars orbit so rapidly, but we can’t see it. We call this invisible mass dark matter.”

The left galaxy rotates how astronomers would have expected if dark matter didn’t exist. The galaxy on the right reflects what their telescopes actually reveal. (Credit: Wikimedia Commons)

Astronomers now have many other lines of evidence that suggest dark matter is real. In fact, the existence of dark matter is so widely accepted that it’s part of the so-called standard model of cosmology, which forms the foundation of how scientists understand the universe’s birth and evolution. Without it, we can’t explain how we got here.

But that lofty status puts pressure on cosmologists to find definitive proof that dark matter exists and that their model of the universe is correct. For decades, physicists all over the world have employed increasingly high-tech instruments to try and detect dark matter. So far, they’ve found no signs of it.

A wide view of the local universe, spanning hundreds of millions of light-years, reveals the clumped and weblike structure of the cosmos, with strands of galaxies and immense voids. The Milky Way is just one of many points that make up the Virgo Supercluster. Rather than just empty, passive spaces, voids may hold clues to understanding dark matter, dark energy and galactic evolution.

(Credit: Andrew Z. Colvin)

---

• Read More: As the Hunt Drags Out, Physicists Start Searching for the Lightest Dark Matter

---

Dark Energy

Astronomers have known that our universe is expanding for about a century now. Telescopic observations have shown that most galaxies are moving away from each other, which implies the galaxies were closer together in the distant past. As a result, the evidence piled up for the Big Bang. However, astronomers assumed that the combined gravitational pull of all the cosmos’ stars and galaxies should be slowing down the universe’s expansion. Perhaps it would even someday collapse back in on itself in a Big Crunch.

That notion was thrown out in the late 1990s, however, when two teams of astronomers spotted something that didn’t make any sense. Researchers studying supernovas in the the most distant galaxies discovered that distant galaxies were moving away from us faster than nearby galaxies. The universe wasn’t just expanding — the expansion was speeding up.

“My own reaction is somewhere between amazement and horror,“ astronomer Brian Schmidt, who led one of the two teams, told The New York Times in 1998. “Amazement, because I just did not expect this result, and horror in knowing that it will likely be disbelieved by a majority of astronomers — who, like myself, are extremely skeptical of the unexpected.“

(Credit: Roen Kelly/Discover)

But rather than refute it, subsequent observations have only made the evidence for dark energy more robust. In fact, some prominent critics of dark matter still accept the existence of dark energy.

Now, that doesn’t mean researchers know what dark energy is. Far from it. But they can describe its role in the universe, thanks to Albert Einstein’s theory of general relativity. Einstein didn’t know about dark energy, but his equations suggested new space can come into existence. And he also included a fudge factor in relativity called the cosmological constant, which he added — and later regretted — to keep the universe from collapsing inward. This idea allows space itself to have energy. However, scientists have still never actually seen this force on Earth.

Some theoretical physicists think there’s an entire dark realm of particles and forces out there, just waiting to be discovered. Whatever dark energy and dark matter are made of, they seem to be playing tug-of-war with our universe — both holding it together and pulling it apart.

07-03-2020 om 23:59 geschreven door peter  

On February 6, weather stations recorded the hottest temperature on record for Antarctica, 64.9°F (18.3°C). The warm spell caused widespread melting on nearby glaciers

These images show melting on the ice cap of Antarctica’s Eagle Island. They were acquired by NASA’S Landsat 8 satellite on February 4 and February 13, 2020.

Image via NASA Earth Observatory.

Via Kasha Patel/ NASA Earth Observatory

On February 6, 2020, weather stations recorded the hottest temperature on record for Antarctica. Thermometers at the Esperanza Base on the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula reached 18.3°C (64.9°F) – around the same temperature as Los Angeles that day. The warm spell caused widespread melting on nearby glaciers.

The warm temperatures arrived on February 5 and continued until February 13, 2020.

Mauri Pelto, a glaciologist at Nichols College, observed that during the warming event, around .9 square miles (1.5 square km) of snowpack became saturated with meltwater (shown in blue above). According to climate models, Eagle Island experienced peak melt – 1 inch (30 millimeters) – on February 6. In total, snowpack on Eagle Island melted 4 inches (106 millimeters) from February 6-February 11. About 20 percent of seasonal snow accumulation in the region melted in this one event on Eagle Island.

The heat is apparent on this map, which shows temperatures across the Antarctic Peninsula on February 9, 2020. The map was derived from the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) model, and represents air temperatures at 2 meters (about 6.5 feet) above the ground. The darkest red areas are where the model shows temperatures surpassing 50°F (10°C).

Image via NASA Earth Observatory.

Pelto said:

I haven’t seen melt ponds develop this quickly in Antarctica. You see these kinds of melt events in Alaska and Greenland, but not usually in Antarctica.

He also used satellite images to detect widespread surface melting nearby on Boydell Glacier.

Pelto noted that such rapid melting is caused by sustained high temperatures significantly above freezing. Such persistent warmth was not typical in Antarctica until the 21st century, but it has become more common in recent years.

The warm temperatures of February 2020 were caused by a combination of meteorological elements. A ridge of high pressure was centered over Cape Horn at the beginning of the month, and it allowed warm temperatures to build. Typically, the peninsula is shielded from warm air masses by the Southern Hemisphere westerlies, a band of strong winds that circle the continent. However, the westerlies were in a weakened state, which allowed the extra-tropical warm air to cross the Southern Ocean and reach the ice sheet. Sea surface temperatures in the area were also higher than average by about 2-3°C (about 3.5-5.5 F).

Dry, warm foehn winds also could have played a part. Foehn winds are strong, gusty winds that cause downslope windstorms on mountains, often bringing warm air with them. In February 2020, westerly winds ran into the Antarctic Peninsula Cordillera. As such winds travel up the mountains, the air typically cools and condenses to form rain or snow clouds. As that water vapor condenses into liquid water or ice, heat is released into the surrounding air. This warm, dry air travels downslope on the other side of the mountains, bringing blasts of heat to parts of the peninsula. The drier air means fewer low-lying clouds and potentially more direct sunlight east of the mountain range.

Rajashree Tri Datta, an atmospheric researcher at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, said:

Two things that can make a foehn-induced melt event stronger are stronger winds and higher temperatures.

With warmer air in the surrounding atmosphere and ocean, the conditions were conducive this month for a foehn wind event.

This February heatwave was the third major melt event of the 2019-2020 summer, following warm spells in November 2019 and January 2020. Pelto said:

If you think about this one event in February, it isn’t that significant. It’s more significant that these events are coming more frequently.

• Bottom line: In February 2020, weather stations recorded the hottest temperatures on record for Antarctica. The warm spell caused widespread melting on nearby glaciers.
• Via Earth Observatory
• Via World Meteorological Organization

{ https://earthsky.org/ }

07-03-2020 om 23:04 geschreven door peter  

Linda Moulton Howe: A Hidden Alien Language Within Binary Codes Could Reveal the ET Agenda

Linda Moulton Howe: A Hidden Alien Language within Binary Codes Could Reveal The ET Agenda

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

07-03-2020 om 21:32 geschreven door peter  

Advanced Ancient Civilizations That Had Abilities We Are Still Struggling To Understand

Advanced Ancient Civilizations That Had Abilities We Are Still Struggling To Understand

VIDEOS, selected by peter2011

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

07-03-2020 om 21:25 geschreven door peter  

An awesome unidentified flying object moves unbelievably fast through the sky in Southern Arizona. The footage, captured on March 6, 2020 raises many questions about what it could have been.

It is suggested that the object is a bug of some kind flying real close to the camera but not everybody is convinced and argue that it is more likely an antigravity craft whether man-made or alien.

Another point of discussion is the vortex like cloud in the background and some people wonder if it came into our dimensional plane of existence through the vortex.

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

07-03-2020 om 18:33 geschreven door peter  

Navy Has One More Video and More Documents On The Nimitz UFO Encounter

As you may recall, the Navy released three videos of bizarre UFO encounters, involving characteristics that defy much of our understanding of physics. One was from the Nimitz aircraft carrier incident, and the others were from a much later encounter with the carrier Roosevelt. The videos were short in length and somewhat grainy. Many journalists have attempted if there’s more of those videos that are at least longer, clearer versions of the ones already made public. However, all such requests were answered in the negative.

Interestingly, researcher Christian Lambright submitted a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request to the Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI) in October 2019 to look for some particular details along these lines. Recently, he finally received a response. While the military did not provide him with any new videos or documents, they did concede that they have other papers and another video that would apply to his recent request. Unfortunately, they could not release the documents and video footage because they were classified top secret and secret respectively. The Navy claims that their release could cause grave damage to national security.

The new development is in contrast to what Pentagon spokesperson Susan Gough had announced. Despite testimony from several of the sailors from the Nimitz battle group who witnessed these events claiming that they remembered seeing longer videos, Ms Gough informed us on several instances that those three videos were the only ones they had and no clearer or more extended versions existed.

Now, we have the Pentagon, through Ms Gough, saying there are no more videos and we have ONI saying there’s at least one more. Somebody is lying again, as both of these things can’t be simultaneously true.

Who should we believe? Let us know in the comment section.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

07-03-2020 om 18:15 geschreven door peter  

Is life possible around black holes?

07-03-2020 om 01:38 geschreven door peter  

Meet 'Perseverance': NASA's Mars 2020 rover has a new name

07-03-2020 om 01:06 geschreven door peter  

NASA’S NEW MARS ROVER OFFICIALLY HAS A NAME

NASA/VICTOR TANGERMANN

{ https://futurism.com/the-byte }

06-03-2020 om 23:59 geschreven door peter  

In a move that surely must have frustrated the hundreds, if not thousands, of people pouring over databases full of old Martian satellite images and rover photographs for signs of life, NASA posted an unusual shot on its “Astronomy Picture of the Day” blog of a really strange-looking hole on the side of a Red Planet volcano with a caption that readily admits it could contain life forms. (Image above. Credit: NASA.) All we need is someone or some rover to creep up to the edge and peek in. Any volunteers? Anyone? Bueller?

“Holes such as this are of particular interest because their interior caves are relatively protected from the harsh surface of Mars, making them relatively good candidates to contain Martian life. These pits are therefore prime targets for possible future spacecraft, robots, and even human interplanetary explorers.”

On March 1, 2020, NASA’s pic of the day was a hole photographed in 2011 by the HiRISE instrument on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Located on a slope of the Pavonis Mons volcano, the opening measures 35 meters (115 feet) across and the hole, based on the angle of its shadow, measures at least 20 meters (65.5 feet) deep. If Pavonis Mons sounds familiar, the volcano is the subject of the Flaming Lips instrumental song “Approaching Pavonis Mons by Balloon (Utopia Planitia)” on the album Yoshimi Battles the Pink Robots, which later was made into a Broadway musical by The West Wing creator Aaron Sorkin. Is NASA hinting that there might be pink robots in this hole? Or perhaps it’s a space elevator to Deimos, the smaller moon of Mars, as depicted in Buck Rogers in the 25th Century. Or is NASA hiding something else … in plain sight?

Pavonis Mons is a giant shield volcano made from stacks of overlapping lava flows that measures 8.7 miles high — taller than Mt. Everest. A digital model shows a pile of debris inside the hole, indicating it was once as deep as 295 feet. That makes the hole deeper than most caves on Earth. If early humans lived in caves, why not Early Martians? Or current Martian life forms?

“These results have important implications for habitability and human exploration of the moon but also for the search for extra-terrestrial life on Mars. Lava tubes are environments shielded from cosmic radiation and protected from micrometeorites, potentially providing safe habitats for future human missions. They are also, potentially, large enough for quite significant human settlements.”

Riccardo Pozzobon from the University of Padova, Italy, agrees. In a study conducted in 2017, he and other scientists compared volcanic lava tubes on Earth in Hawaii, Iceland, and the Galapagos Islands to those seen on the Moon and Mars. On the Moon, some are 1 km (0.6 miles) across and hundreds of kilometers in length. Both these and the smaller ones on Mars are big enough for future human settlements and possibly past or current extraterrestrial life.

Another view of pavonis mons

(NASA)

We may soon find out. The Mars 2020 rover is scheduled to launch on July 17 and land on February 18, 2021, with the mission to search for signs of life. Unlike other rovers, this one will carry a helicopter – perfect for flying over and perhaps even flying into the hole on Pavonis Mons.

Maybe The Flaming Lips should head back to the studio and begin working on some lyrics to “Approaching Pavonis Mons by Balloon (Utopia Planitia)” about approaching it by helicopter or on wheels.

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

06-03-2020 om 23:37 geschreven door peter  

Volgende robotjeep die naar Mars gestuurd wordt, heeft een naam: ‘Perseverance’ - HLN.be

Bron: Belga, Techcrunch

De Perseverance moet op zoek gaan naar sporen van vroeger microbiologisch leven, en zal ook het klimaat en geologie van de rode planeet onderzoeken. 

Lees ook

Tarwe kweken op Mars? Waregems bedrijf onderzoekt mee of het kan

Tekenen van leven

De nieuwe verkenner is de opvolger van de Curiosity uit 2012, die nog altijd rondtoert op Mars. Het nieuwe voertuig heeft zeven nieuwe instrumenten aan boord, laten de ingenieurs van het Jet Propulsion Laboratory van NASA weten. De nieuwe instrumenten zullen het terrein van Mars bestuderen en in bodemstalen op zoek gaan naar tekenen van leven.

“Wat we zullen leren uit de stalen die tijdens deze nieuwe missie zullen genomen worden, heeft het potentieel om een antwoord te geven op de vraag of we alleen zijn in het universum”, stelde Ken Farley, die als wetenschapper betrokken is bij het project, eerder.

Voor de nieuwe verkenner ontwikkelde NASA ook een nieuwe landingstechnologie waarmee het voertuig plekken op Mars zal kunnen bezoeken die te riskant waren voor Curiosity.

De naam werd aangereikt door een scholier uit Virigina die een landelijke wedstrijd heeft gewonnen om de Marsverkenner te dopen. Totnogtoe ging die met de droge naam ‘Mars 2020’ door het leven. Bedoeling is in juli te vertrekken, om in februari neer te strijken op Mars.

Er waren 28.000 deelnames aan de wedstrijd. De winnende scholier krijgt nu een uitnodiging om op Cape Canaveral in Florida de lancering bij te wonen. 

Eerder vonden scholieren voor Amerikaanse Marsjeeps al namen uit zoals Sojourner, Spirit, Opportunity en Curiosity. Die laatste nam onlangs nog de scherpste panoramafoto van Mars ooit.

VIDEO's, peter2011

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

06-03-2020 om 23:14 geschreven door peter  

06-03-2020 om 22:40 geschreven door peter  

Billy Meier Prophecies! Real or Fake UFO's? The Controversial Story

We enter 2020 with an explosive, intense, dynamic and fascinating interview-conversation with UFO Researcher, Author, Lecturer, Documentary Filmmaker and the English-speaking representative for the controversial reclusive Swiss UFO photographer and Alien contactee – BILLY MEIER! Michael Horn is interviewed by AOT TV´s Lucas Alexander in this compelling and controversial edition of Age Of Truth TV. IS BILLY MEIER A FRAUD OR IS HE REAL? Who is Billy Meier really, and if his extraordinary story and photographic evidence is real, how come HE WAS CHOSEN to predict prophecies of world events and disasters to come, told by his alien contacts from the Pleiadian Star System? Why was Billy Meier “allowed” to take all these numerous photographs of UFO crafts? Is he in fact linked to the deep-state military – or the New World Order power-elite?

Michael Horn is calling the Billy Meier case, the ONLY authentic UFO case with real evidence! He has spent 40 year researching the Billy Meier case, and become very controversial in the field of UFOlogy and amongst researchers into Alien, E.T. existence on planet Earth and all over the universe. Michael Horn claims that Billy Meier, through his E.T. contacts have given warnings about man-made Climate Change as early as 1951, and many times thereafter, and he claims that Climate Change is very much man-made. This is leading the conversation into an interesting area, discussing The Club of Rome, New World Order plans and U.N. Agenda 21 and much more. In 2004, after 25 years of research into Meier’s information, Michael Horn became the voluntary Authorized American Media Representative for the Billy Meier Contacts. Michael gives national and international multi-media presentations, university lectures, interviews, etc., and makes frequent media appearances representing the Meier contacts

…. SELECTED TOPICS DISCUSSED: – IS BILLY MEIER REAL OR A FRAUD? – Did Billy Meier take all the numerous photographs of REAL UFO´s from elsewhere in the universe, Alien crafts, or could they be man-made advanced military technology? – Is Billy Meier a TRUE Alien contactee, and a chosen prophet, or is he part of a military cover-up, promoting a secret New World Order agenda plan?

- Is Climate Change really man-made, or is there an agenda behind the massive media propaganda about Global Warming, through f.ex. Greta Thunberg. – U.N. Agenda 21 – New World Order – The DARK ORDER (aka. Illuminati) – The Club Of Rome – Prophecies from Billy Meier about world catastrophes. – UFO researchers/ UFO community vs. Billy Meier and Michael Horn. – 5G roll-out and the danger of electromagnetic radiation and frequencies. – REINCARNATION! Is it a soul-trap? ……all this and much much more when AGE OF TRUTH TV presenter and investigative reporter, Lucas Alexander is interviewing Michael Horn in this hard-talk explosive 2 hour 22 min. show. Filmed on December 5, 2019 at the Age Of Truth TV studios in Copenhagen, Denmark, and via ZOOM to Flagstaff Arizona, USA.

Other videos, selected by peter2011

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

06-03-2020 om 22:34 geschreven door peter  

On February 20, 20202 we reported about the strange space vehicles that seemed to appear out of flashes of light.

Now, more of these strange lights have been captured on the ISS live feed the last days.. Could it be that these flashes are jumpgates or wormholes from which UFOs emerge? And as said before, what could be reason for their arrival?

The enlarged images show unidentified flying objects coming out of these flashes. Even in some images you can see a sort of portal.

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

06-03-2020 om 21:58 geschreven door peter  

“I Have Seen the Bodies.” Cases from the Crash Retrieval Vault. Richard Dolan Intelligent Disclosure

Richard and Tracey return to the astonishing and all-too-forgotten cases of the late Leonard Stringfield, the pioneer of UFO/UAP crash retrieval research. For this program, they discuss three more cases uncovered by Stringfield during the late 1970s, when this phenomenon was only just beginning to be discussed among UFO researchers. The cases are fairly detailed, fascinating, and compelling.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/

06-03-2020 om 20:10 geschreven door peter  

{ https://futurism.com/ }

06-03-2020 om 00:49 geschreven door peter  

First known extraterrestrial protein possibly spotted in meteorite

By Mike Wall 

But the find is preliminary.

A meteor streaks across the sky. In a new study, researchers report finding a novel protein in the meteorite Acfer 086, which landed in Algeria in 1990.

(Image: © NASA)

A research team claimed to have found the first known extraterrestrial protein, spotting it in a space rock that fell to Earth 30 years ago.

The scientists, led by Malcolm McGeoch of the Plex Corp. in Fall River, Massachusetts, analyzed the meteorite Acfer 086, which landed in Algeria in 1990. High-precision mass spectrometry revealed the presence of a novel protein, McGeoch and his team wrote in a new paper that's available on the online preprint site arXiv.org.

The protein, which the researchers proposed calling "hemolithin," consists of chains of the amino acids glycine and hydroxyglycine, as well as iron, oxygen and lithium atoms, the researchers reported. And the hemolithin is significantly enriched in deuterium, a heavy isotope of hydrogen that features a neutron in its atomic nucleus along with a proton. (The nucleus of a "normal" hydrogen atom has a proton but no neutron.)

• Related: 6 most likely places for alien life in the solar system

Such deuterium enrichment does not appear in amino acids that form here on Earth, and so it "indicates protosolar disc or molecular cloud origin," McGeoch and his colleagues wrote in the paper, which has been submitted to a journal and is currently undergoing peer review. (You can read the preprint for free here.)

"This is the first report of a protein from any extraterrestrial source," the scientists added.

To be clear, the researchers aren't claiming that the hemolithin is evidence of alien life. But the discovery, if it holds up, would still be of great interest to astrobiologists. That's because it would show that very complex chemistry of the sort employed by life as we know it on Earth occurs of its own accord in deep space. (Proteins are the workhorses of cells, performing a wide variety of tasks for organisms.)

The implication would be that it doesn't take a miracle for bona fide biochemical systems to get up and running — and that, therefore, life might be widespread throughout the cosmos. 

This notion is hardly outré anymore, because researchers are racking up more and more evidence of complex chemistry occurring beyond Earth. Big organic molecules swirl in the thick atmosphere of Saturn's huge moon Titan, for example, and amino acids — the building blocks of proteins — have been found in meteorites and on comets.

But such talk of implications is preliminary; the new paper is still under peer review, after all. And not everyone is onboard with the results.

"I am not impressed by this report," said Jeffrey Bada, distinguished professor of marine chemistry emeritus at the University of California, San Diego's Scripps Institution of Oceanography.

"The main problem is the occurrence of hydroxyglycine, which, to my knowledge, has never before been reported in meteorites or in prebiotic experiments. Nor is it found in any proteins," Bada, whose research interests include the geochemistry of amino acids, organic cosmogeochemistry and the search for alien life, told Space.com via email. "Thus, this amino acid is a strange one to find in a meteorite, and I am highly suspicious of the results."

Space.com reached out to the corresponding author of the new study, Julie McGeoch of Harvard University's Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology. She said she'd be happy to discuss the paper — but only after it has passed peer review.

So, stay tuned; we may be hearing more about possible extraterrestrial proteins in the not-too-distant future.

• 7 theories on the origin of life
• Alien life could use endless array of building blocks
• Meteor showers and shooting stars: Formation, facts and discovery

Mike Wall is the author of "Out There" (Grand Central Publishing, 2018; illustrated by Karl Tate), a book about the search for alien life.

Follow him on Twitter @michaeldwall.

Follow us on Twitter @Spacedotcom or Facebook. 

{ https://www.space.com/ }

05-03-2020 om 23:57 geschreven door peter  

20 Things You Didn't Know About... Inner Earth

It's got solid and liquid parts, it's almost as hot as the sun, and it may be teeming with life

Gary Hincks/Science Photo Library

05-03-2020 om 23:36 geschreven door peter