Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 12 YEARS AND 11 MONTHS.
ON 06/05/2024 MORE THAN 1.972.210
VISITORS FROM 134 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
22-11-2016
CIA CONTRACTOR SHARES HIS UNBELIEVABLE STORY ABOUT A UFO SUCKING UP WATER & THREE “MEN IN BLACK”
CIA CONTRACTOR SHARES HIS UNBELIEVABLE STORY ABOUT A UFO SUCKING UP WATER & THREE “MEN IN BLACK”
Every single year the topic of UFOs continues to gain traction with regards to credibility and evidence. A lot of information has emerged over the past few years that has taken these subjects out of the ‘conspiracy theory’ realm and into ones of serious inquiry.
This particular story originates from the US governments Stargate Program, which lasted more than two decades. The program studied various topics within the dimensions of parapsychology, such at telepathy, psychokensis, remote viewing and more.
It’s an excellent example of unacknowledged and waived Secret Access Programs. These programs do not exist publicly, but they do indeed exist. They are commonly referred to as ‘deep black programs.’ A 1997 US Senate report described them as “so sensitive that they are exempt from standard reporting requirements to the Congress.” (source)
A gentlemen by the name if Ingo Swann (seen in the picture above) was one of multiple main participants within the program within ‘special abilities.’ (source)
Before we go any further, it’s important to note that US intelligence agencies have had a heavy interest in this type of thing for a long time. Here and here are a few more examples that illustrate this point further. You can learn more about how they link to the CIA here.
Ingo Swann
Swann was able to successfully describe and view a ring around Jupiter before scientists had no idea it existed.
This took place precisely before the first ever flyby of Jupiter by NASA’s Pioneer 10 spacecraft, which confirmed that the ring did actually exist. These results were published in advance of the rings’ discovery. (source)
This was one of many successful ‘hits’ that came out of the Remote Viewing program. It was quite a successful program, which is why it ran for 25 years. A lot of controversy surrounded its termination, and who knows how much of what these findings uncovered remain classified. United States Major General, Albert Stubblebine, was a major proponent of these programs, and one of America’s most distinguished soldiers with more than than 16,000 soldiers under his command. He said that they uncovered structures on the surface of Mars, as well as on the interior that were not built by humans.
What was not published in the literature, after it was declassified, were Swann’s experiences in the world of intelligence. He did, however, write a book called Penetrationwhere he detailed some of his experiences, and many of them dealt with UFOs as well as extraterrestrials.
Much of Swann’s time during this period was spent at the Stanford Research Institute where the remote viewing program was headquartered under the watch of scientists Hal Puthoff and Russell Targ, the authors of some of the studies cited above.
In his book, he describes a gentlemen who he calls Mr. Axelrod, a secretive government agent obviously belonging to some intelligence agency.
The Story
One day, this man entered into the secured facility at Stanford, which was not an easy thing to do. He found Swann and persuaded him to leave with him.
Axelrod was accompanied by two twins, who were very tall and mysterious. They dressed in the typical ‘cloak and dagger’ intelligence agency outfit.
Swann described them as “two blond haired, blue eyed, military looking assistants.”
The four of them flew to the west coast where Swann believed it to be the Alaskan wilderness, although he wasn’t certain and was told that it’s best he did not know.
They were flying in a learjet and found an area deep in the forest which seemed to be for their own use. They trekked a very long time.
“They came to a small lake, and Axelrod said that as dawn approached, Swann would be able to see “it” through the pines. ‘We now wait and hope we are lucky. Say nothing, do not make any noise…they detect heat, noise, motion like mad.”
“Dawn arrived, and Swann saw a fog developing over the lake. This went on for five minutes, until the fog developed a luminous neon-blue color. Then, according to Swann, the color changed to an “angry purple” Axelrod and one of the twins each placed a hand firmly on Swann’s shoulders while “a network of purple, red, and yellow lightning bolts shot in all crazy directions through the ‘cloud.’ Swann said he would have jumped if the two had not held him down. He saw an object, almost transparent at first, but then “solidly visible over the lake.” It was triangular or diamond-shaped, growing in size.”
“Swann, in terror and amazement, heard a strong wind moving past, rustling the pine trees so much that some cones and branches fell on them. The object then began to shoot out ‘ruby red laster-like beams’ as it continued to grow even more in size while maintaining its position on the lake. Very quietly, one of the twins said, ‘Shit! They’re enveloping the area. They’re going to spot us.”
“As Swann later recalled the event, some of the red laser beams from the object were ‘blasting’ pine trees, and he could hear low frequency pulsations. Axelrod whispered to Swann that the beams were probably honing in on deer or other forest creatures, as they sense biological body heat. ‘They’re sure to hone in on us,’ he told Swann. Just then, one of the twins literally lifted and dragged Swann away, but not before Swann noticed the water of the lake surging upward, ‘like a waterfall going upward, as if being sucked into the ‘machine.'”
“The four ran quickly and at great length, sustaining minor cuts and bruises. Eventually they stopped, breathing hard, and waited for more than thirty minutes, until one of the twins said all was clear.”
“Axelrod then asked Swann whether he could ‘sense’ anything form the craft.”
At this point it’s quite obvious why Swann was taken from his position and role at Stanford Research Institute and into this situation. It seemed that these ‘government’ agents believed Swann could provide some detail about what was happening here and help the government with their research and interest in UFOs.
“Swann burst out laughing. ‘You’re completely nuts, Axel! I have to be calm, cool, collected and in good shape to sense anything.’ But Swann offered the insight that the craft was ‘a drone of some kind, unmanned, controlled from somewhere else.” Axelrod asked him what it was doing there, to which Swann replied ‘Well, for chrissakes! It was thirsty! Taking on water, obviously. Someone, somewhere needs water…so I suppose they just come and get it. You don’t need to be a psychic to see that.’ Essentially, said Swann, ‘they’ treated Earth as the neighbourhood supermarket.’
“Before taking Swann back, Axelrod said, ‘I shouldn’t tell you, but our mission will be disbanded shortly and the work picked up by others, because of strategic security reasons involved…’ ‘Others,’ said Swann, ‘who will not mix in with psychics, I take it.’ ‘You got it,’ Axelrod replied. Swann last saw Axelrod at the San Jose Airport, and never heard from him again.”
Below is a video of Ingo Speaking about a few of his experiences within the program, and what it was like. He was a very bright man with tremendous amounts of insight.
It’s not the easiest thing to understand, but I thought it was important to share a video of him with you after writing this article, it’s full of a number of interesting revelations.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:News from the FRIENDS of facebook ( ENG )
CIA-contractant: Aliens ‘gebruiken de aarde als supermarkt’
CIA-contractant: Aliens ‘gebruiken de aarde als supermarkt’
Een voormalig CIA-contractant heeft gezegd dat aliens de aarde gebruiken ‘als een supermarkt’, schrijftThe Sun.
Ingo Swann (1933-2013), een onderzoeker die meewerkte aan een topgeheim programma van de overheid, moest naar eigen zeggen proberen de gedachten te lezen van aliens die UFO’s bestuurden.
Hij was betrokken bij het Stargate Project, een geheime legereenheid die in 1978 door de Amerikaanse militaire inlichtingendienst DIA werd opgericht in Fort Meade in Maryland.
Remote viewing
Stargate Project was gericht op remote viewing (verzien), het vermogen om gebeurtenissen, plaatsen en informatie vanaf een afstand te ‘zien’.
Het project werd geleid door luitenant Frederick Holmes Atwater en generaal-majoor Albert Stubblebine. De eenheid bestond uit ongeveer 15 tot 20 personen.
In 1995 gaf de CIA geheime rapporten over het Stargate Project vrij.
Blauwe mist
UFO-onderzoeker Richard Dolan claimde dat Swann een buitenaards ruimteschip had gezien boven een meer in de wildernis van Alaska.
Swann zei dat hij samen met een collega toekeek hoe zich een soort blauwe mist vormde boven het meer waarna een aantal paarse, rode en gele bliksemschichten alle kanten op schoten.
Vervolgens verscheen het object boven het meer. Het had de vorm van een driehoek of ruit en werd steeds groter.
Water
Dolan schreef: “Volgens Swann was het vaartuig een soort onbemande drone die vanaf een andere plek werd bestuurd.”
Hij moest vervolgens zien te achterhalen wat het vaartuig kwam doen en kwam er naar eigen zeggen achter dat het water nodig had.
‘Ze’ zien de aarde als een soort buurtsuper, aldus Swann.
De allereerste wetenschappelijke studie over de EmDrive is verschenen. “Een mijlpaal om dit werk serieus te nemen,” schrijftForbes.
De brandstofloze motor, die de wetten van de fysica lijkt te tarten, zou astronauten in minder dan 70 dagen kunnen afzetten op Mars.
Toen de Britse uitvinder Roger Shawyer eind jaren negentig met de EmDrive kwam, werd hij geconfronteerd met zeer veel wetenschappelijke scepsis.
Vacuüm
Het leek sciencefiction, een ruimteschip met een motor die geen brandstof verbruikt, maar die stuwkracht opwekt in een vacuüm.
Het Eagleworks Laboratory van de Amerikaanse ruimtevaartorganisatie NASA heeft de EmDrive uitgebreid getest en is tot de conclusie gekomen dat het apparaat een voortstuwing van 1,2 millinewton per kilowatt opwekt.
De motor stelt wetenschappers al geruime tijd voor een raadsel en zij keken dan ook reikhalzend uit naar de publicatie.
Volgende experiment
Zonder brandstof kunnen ruimtevaartuigen een stuk lichter worden, kunnen ze gewoon blijven vliegen en kunnen ze extreem hoge snelheden bereiken.
Een ruimteschip kan met een EmDrive in enkele maanden tijd de rand van ons zonnestelsel bereiken.
De onderzoekers zijn van plan het volgende experiment in de ruimte te doen om te kijken hoe de EmDrive daar presteert.
NASA ontdekt mysterieuze supersnelweg van elektronen boven de aarde
NASA ontdekt mysterieuze supersnelweg van elektronen boven de aarde
Sommige elektronen worden boven het aardoppervlak tot bijna de lichtsnelheid versneld en NASA weet niet waarom dat gebeurt.
Uit een nieuwe studie blijkt dat de piepkleine elektrisch geladen deeltjes worden versneld in delen van de ruimte waar ze niet werden verwacht.
Het gebied waarin deze snelle elektronen werden gevonden, de zogeheten voorschok, is het deel van het zonnestelsel waar geladen deeltjes van de zon worden gereflecteerd door het aardmagnetisch veld.
Tot nu toe dachten wetenschappers niet dat deeltjes in dat gebied konden worden versneld tot bijna de lichtsnelheid.
Raadselachtig
“Dit is raadselachtig omdat we energetische elektronen zien op plekken waar we ze helemaal niet verwachten. Er is geen model dat hierbij past,” zei David Sibeck, coauteur van de studie die is gepubliceerd in het tijdschrift Physical Review Letters.
“Er zit een gat in onze kennis, er mist iets,” zei hij.
Tijdens de studie zijn gegevens geanalyseerd van de THEMIS-missie. Die bestaat uit vijf identieke satellieten die het poollicht en de stralingsomgeving rond de aarde bestuderen.
Geladen deeltjes van de zon kunnen schadelijk zijn voor satellieten en zelfs mensen die in de ruimte leven.
Supersnelweg
Deze deeltjes komen na de voorschok terecht in de ‘boegschok’, een zone die onze planeet beschermt tegen de zonnewind.
De boegschok heeft een magnetisch veld dat hoog-energetische deeltje afremt, aldus de NASA.
Sommige deeltjes worden teruggekaatst richting de zon en vormen de voorschok, waar de supersnelweg van elektronen is ontdekt.
Onverwacht
Het lijkt erop dat er een bepaalde elektromagnetische activiteit plaatsvindt in de voorschok die de deeltjes versnelt tot onverwacht hoge snelheden.
“Dit beïnvloedt vrijwel ieder onderzoeksgebied dat betrekking heeft op hoog-energetische deeltjes,” zei hoofdonderzoeker Lynn Wilson over de studie.
“Van kosmische straling tot zonnevlammen en coronale massa-ejecties, die satellieten kunnen beschadigen en expedities naar Mars kunnen beïnvloeden.”
LIGT ER EEN CONTINENT VOORBIJ ANTARCTICA ( VIDEO )
LIGT ER EEN CONTINENT VOORBIJ ANTARCTICA ( VIDEO )
Meer dan 100 jaar geleden verscheen er op 11 januari 1907 een artikel in de Hawaiian Gazette over een vreemde mysterieuze kaart die uit Japan afkomstig zou zijn.
Daarop zijn de bestaande continenten te zien, omringd door Antarctica met daarbuiten nog veel meer land.
Onze wereld zit vol met mysterieuze zaken en het volgende verhaal hoort thuis in die categorie. Het gaat om een artikel dat meer dan 100 jaar geleden verscheen in een krant.
Het artikel verscheen in de Hawaiian Gazette naar aanleiding van een verhaal van een arts op Hawaii, genaamd Dr. Kobayashi. De kaart die verscheen in de krant zou minstens 1.000 jaar oud zijn en afkomstig van de broer van Dr. Kobayashi.
De broer van Dr. Kobayashi leed aan tuberculose en dacht dat hij beter zou genezen in een omgeving met veel frisse lucht en bergen en vertrok daarom naar Japan waar hij tien jaar verbleef en volledig genas.
Maar, tijdens zijn verblijf daar vond hij daar in een tempel de vreemde landkaart. Deze zou gemaakt zijn in China en door een Boeddhistische monnik het land zijn uit gesmokkeld naar Japan, waar men de kaart vervolgens verborgen heeft gehouden voor de autoriteiten.
Een kaart waarop je in het midden de Noordpool ziet, de ons bekende continenten en waarbij Antarctica wordt uitgebeeld als een ons omringende cirkel, met daarbuiten nog talrijke landmassa’s. Gebieden die voor ons "gewone" mensen volkomen onbekend terrein zijn.
Dr. Kobayashi vertelde in 1907 dat na zijn reis naar en de informatie uit Japan gecombineerd met de ontdekking van de kaart, zijn broer aanhanger was geworden van de platte aarde theorie.
Niet duidelijk is welke andere informatie die broer heeft opgedaan, maar klaarblijkelijk wel zoveel dat hij er vanaf dat moment van overtuigd was dat de aarde plat was.
Hier zie je het artikel in de Hawaiian Gazette van 11 januari 1907. Voor een leesbare versie van het verhaal klik op de afbeelding.
Bijzonder is natuurlijk dat in die tijd de later beroemd geworden Admiraal Byrd een jongeman was van 19 en nog aan al zijn expedities naar de poolgebieden moest beginnen.
Vooral zijn tochten naar Antarctica zijn later legendarisch geworden en dat heeft alles te maken met interviews die hij na afloop gaf. In de onderstaande video spreekt Byrd over een geheime landmassa voorbij de Zuidpool dat deze net zo groot zou zijn als Amerika.
Daarnaast blijft het een vreemd en opmerkelijk feit dat het gebied op Antarctica verboden gebied blijft.
Dit alles wil natuurlijk niet zeggen dat dan ook automatisch de aarde plat moet zijn, maar het stemt wel tot nadenken. Waarom maakte men 1.000 jaar geleden die kaart en hield die geheim en waarom spreekt Admiraal Byrd van een land zo groot als Amerika voorbij de Zuidpool?
Here is a crashed UFO in the shape of heart, and its got a control bridge on its top center domed area. You can see a long black window going across it, which is proof its the bridge of the ship. The long and turned landing tracks left behind from the craft show that the ship crash landed as gently as it could. This means the ship still flies, but would need a lot of repair to make it safe, something the US, Russia and China would all love to get their hands on. The craft is about 190 meters across since the photo does have a size chart on it. This was brought to my attention by UFOvni2012 of Youtube. Awesome channel with all real discoveries. Scott C. Waring
Glowing Alien Orb Appears And Disappears In Just 3 Seconds On NASA Space Cam, Nov 2016, UFO Sighting News
Glowing Alien Orb Appears And Disappears In Just 3 Seconds On NASA Space Cam, Nov 2016, UFO Sighting News
Date of sighting: Nov 16, 2016
Location of sighting: Near Sun
This is just crazy. This this planet is gigantic like our sun, but if you watch it carefully, its rotation is incredibly fast, unlike our sun. Which means this is not our sun or a reflection of it. This is another object.
Brought to my attention by Streetcap1 of Youtube, this is crazy cool, and yet bewildering at the same time.
There is no doubt in my mind that this is very close to the satellite taking the videos, so this is probably just 100 meters across about. It is either a energy ship...not solid at all, or an alien entity orb. Remember the alien entity over Dome of Rock? It was about 15-20 meters across and pure white light. Thats what we see here, but ITS LOOKING RIGHT AT THE SATELLITE!!! Notice the giant face yet? Two eyes, a nose, mouth, chin? Yeah...its a live and its eternal because its in energy form. I call this an alien...others might call it an angel, demon or god. It doesn't matter. Its alive! In the video, the face slowly rotates as if its turning to look at the NASA satellite.
Scott C. Waring
Streetcap1 states:
I have never seen a Planet appear and disappear before. For NASA to pretend it's the Sun is just nuts. The Sun's CME's are still visible at the left of the picture even when this object appears. Also the ufo fleet is on one frame just prior to all this happening. Streetcap1.
UFO Over Liverpool, UK Causes Excitement That Aliens Are Visiting The Area, Nov 2016, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Over Liverpool, UK Causes Excitement That Aliens Are Visiting The Area, Nov 2016, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Nov 2016 Location of sighting: Liverpool, UK News source: goo.gl/AaeWrN
These two dark UFOs are moving back and forth from each other and as they do, a jet is seen in the sky above them, possible investigating the UFOs if they were seen on radar. These look more like alien drones that explore, record and take samples. Scott C. Waring Daily Mail UK News states: A pair of UFOs were spotted in UK skies over the weekend with no explanation as to what they were. The two blue shapes were seen flying ‘in tandem’ on Saturday afternoon in Halewood, near Liverpool. After hovering in the air for around 30 seconds, the objects suddenly blur and vanish from the screen, with the camera moving around to try to spot them, only to focus on a plane. (More at source)
Location:over Envigado near Medellin,Colombia Date:November 6-2016 at 7:45 pm Submitted by
Witness report:
8 pulsing yelow V lights with a red at the center, no sound, moving very slow to the north. Two green lights at the end only detected in the PC after the sigtsing.
Watch Mysterious Aerial Things Caught On Camera Above Halewood
Watch Mysterious Aerial Things Caught On Camera Above Halewood
Mysterious objects flew parallel to one another before disappearing without apparent reason. They were observed hovering in the sky above Halewood on Saturday afternoon. The witness used a digital camera to record his UFO sighting on video.
The footage shows apparent UFOs moving parallel to one another before racing off and gone.
Witnesses of the strange phenomena were left baffled as no official explanation yet to it.
The unusual aerial objects were observed over Halewood at around 4 pm on Saturday afternoon.
Enchanted LifePath Tv Alternative News & Media staff, Carl Nichols, 33, was looking out of the window when he saw an object. At first, he believed it was just a balloon, but he saw another one next to it. It appeared to him that the two flew in tandem.
M. Nichols, a student journalist, needed to jump out of the window to get the video of the UFO sighting.
Investigators who analyzed the footage could not determine both objects’ identity. They were certain, however, that the pair were not drones, which raised speculation online that they might be alien UFOs.
Some YouTube viewers agreed that they were not drones but two UFOs. Others said that it was a nice catch whatever they were in the videos.
UFOs seen and filmed over British Columbia, Canada 19-Nov-2016
UFOs seen and filmed over British Columbia, Canada 19-Nov-2016
Here’s one new interesting video of a bright unidentified flying objects hovering in the sky above Fort St John, BC, Canada. This was filmed on 19th November 2016.
Witness report:
Was putting to dig out back when I seen a guy in his truck stopped on the street and had his phone out videoing towards the sky, I looked up and there were 2 bright lights moving slowly in the sky. I quickly went in the house and grabbed my phone and started videoing these lights moving in the sky. At first there were just 2 and then another appeared and about a min later another appeared. They were very bright orange and red lights almost seemed to shimmer, I videoed them for 3 min then my phone wouldn’t focus anymore, on anything I tried to get it to focus on the house across the street and it wouldn’t even do that . Not sure what happened there. Then watched these objects move until they eventually went above the clouds
Two triangular UFOs over Levittown, Pennsylvania 4-Nov-2016
Two triangular UFOs over Levittown, Pennsylvania 4-Nov-2016
Here’s one interesting footage of a two triangular-shaped crafts hovering in the sky above Levittown in Pennsylvania. This happened on 4th November 2016.
Witness report:
I was walking down the road with a couple of my friends in thornridge. I happened to look just over the trees to see two objects sitting in the air. At first i was unsure of what i was looking at and then it hit me this object may be a ufo. As soon as i grabbed my phone to take a video i got chills and the object started to move as if it knew i was looking at it. I took a 50 second long video of the craft before it disappeared behind the trees. A few minutes later i saw two more of the objects but did not get another video.
UFO Launches Two Triangles In The Sky Over Wisconsin
UFO Launches Two Triangles In The Sky Over Wisconsin
Two triangular-shaped craft was spotted in Hudson, Wisconsin hovering with lights on each corner and exhibiting rapid movement. The witness filed a report to Mutual UFO Network (MUFON), which filed it as case 80030 in the witness reporting database.
The witness first saw a UFO from a distance while outside smoking a cigarette. He saw the craft in the southern sky near Houston launching two small, triangular objects.
The witness noticed a light on each corner of the two UFOs. He saw the two moved very rapidly from south to east, hovered and moved back and forth rapidly in the eastern and southern sky. The strange aerial activity reportedly lasted more than one-and-a-half hour to two hours.
According to the witness’ estimate, both of the craft were over 2,000 feet up and looked to be around 50-100 feet across.
The witness claimed to have made an attempt to get a closer look with binoculars, but they just moved too fast. According to his report, he is a trained Navy look-out but could not just track the UFOs because of their speed. The witness noted that cloud cover limited constant observation, but he clearly saw the unusual objects went in and out of clouds, hovered, and glided rapidly back and forth.
The witness only saw one light as they moved, but observed a light on each corner when they hovered. He is hesitant to share what he just saw because of fear of being ridiculed. However, he was very confident that he knew what he had seen and felt excitement about it. The witness heard no emission or sound during the entire sighting.
Several UFOs Flying Through The Sky Above Barcelona
Several UFOs Flying Through The Sky Above Barcelona
A man claimed to have seen hundreds of UFOs and caught some of them on video moving in a blue sky. Celebrating his 40th birthday, British holidaymaker Paul Zinger said he managed to get a video of the UFOs over Barcelona.
He reportedly saw the white orbs flying above the BBVA building nearby.
Originally from Clitheroe, Lancashire, the painter and decorator estimated he saw at least 100 objects moving in different directions.
While the footage he recorded doesn’t reveal the numbers of the orbs, he said that there were at least 100 of them if not more in the sky.
He was amazed to see those flying things in a holiday that was a surprise from his girlfriend for his 40th birthday.
According to the boyfriend, they both experienced food poisoning and the only time they spent outside was a few of hours on La Rambla.
Paul said that the experience of seeing UFOs changed the way he viewed the world.
UFO expert Gary Heseltine, who was also a detective, described the objects as anomalous, which means no concrete conclusion was reached.
The editor of UFO Truth Magazine ruled out lanterns as a possible explanation of the orbs in the video as he saw no orange glow. He also did not think they were balloons.
Heseltine saw 7 to 8 white objects in the clip. In another aspect of the footage, he noticed a very fast flashing to the left edge of the building at 38-39 seconds. When he went frame by frame, he observed a brilliant white object moving through the shot. He further speculated that this bright white object might be rotating as the sequence went black, white, black, white.
Een wiskundige van de universiteit van Barcelona heeft berekend dat het wel eens vroeger met de mensheid gedaan zou kunnen zijn dan gehoopt. Volgens dokter Fergus Simpson van het Institute of Cosmos Sciences is er een kans van 1 op 500 dat de mens het komende jaar uitsterft en een kans van 13 procent dat dit voor het einde van de eeuw gebeurt.
De berekening is gebaseerd op het zogenaamde Doomsday Argument, dat het toekomstige aantal mensen kan voorspellen op basis van het aantal dat tot nu toe werd geboren. Volgens Simpson is er elk jaar van de 21ste eeuw een kans van ruim 0,2 procent dat er een wereldwijde catastrofe gebeurt. Hij schreef zijn bevindingen in een paper 'Apocalypse Now? Reviving the Doomsday Argument'.
"In een tijd dat op zijn minst acht soevereine staten nucleaire wapens ter beschikking hebben, mogen we onze kop niet in het zand steken", aldus Simpson. "Misschien zullen we het onvermijdelijke niet kunnen afwenden, maar misschien kunnen we het wel uitstellen."
Klimaatopwarming Ook de klimaatopwarming kan een rol spelen. Nieuw onderzoek in het tijdschrift Science Advances waarschuwde er al voor dat als de mens fossiele brandstoffen blijft gebruiken, de temperatuur op aarde in één levensspanne tot zeven graden kan stijgen, met rampzalige gevolgen voor de mensheid.
Volgens een rapport van Living Planet zou tussen 1970 en 2020 de populatie aan gewervelde dieren overigens al ingekrompen zijn tot een derde van de soorten. Dat zou gelijk staan aan een graad van uitsterven die honderd keer sneller gaat dan normaal.
Positief En dat zijn nog positieve inschattingen. Volgens een boek dat de Britse astronoom Sir Martin Rees schreef in 2003 is er een kans van 50 procent dat de mensheid 2100 niet haalt.
Wat als wetenschappers ontdekten dat een gigantische asteroïde in 2020 met onze aarde zou botsen? Wat zouden wij kunnen doen? Niet al te veel, zo bleek uit een test van NASA en FEMA vorige maand. Zij gingen uit van een hypothetisch rampscenario waarbij een meteoriet zou inslaan op Los Angeles en zochten uit hoe snel we een uitgestrekt gebied als Californië kunnen evacueren. De belangrijkste conclusie die de wetenschappers trokken: we moeten écht uitzoeken hoe we een inslag kunnen vermijden.
In het hypothetische scenario die wetenschappers van NASA en FEMA voor ogen hielden, zou een reusachtige meteoriet op ramkoers liggen met de aarde. De ongeveer 100 meter brede rotsblok zou te snel op de aarde afstevenen, zodat we hem onmogelijk nog kunnen doen afwijken. In dat scenario zit er niets anders op dan miljoenen Californiërs te evacueren. Een humanitaire ramp zou zich voltrekken.
Gelukkig ging om een hypothese die de wetenschappers gebruikten om te testen hoe een dergelijke evacuatie zou moeten verlopen. Hopelijk een volledig nutteloze test, maar je weet nooit. NASA heeft namelijk 15.000 gevaarlijke objecten nabij de aarde gevonden die de mensheid mogelijk zouden kunnen bedreigen. Het is dus geen slecht idee om na te gaan hoe we een dergelijk gevaar zouden kunnen afwenden, mocht die op de aarde afsteven.
"In tegenstelling tot andere natuurrampen, kunnen we een meteorietinslag vroeg voorspellen en dus mogelijk vermijden."
Van koers doen afwijken
Geen reden tot paniek Het ziet er niet naar uit dat ook maar één van de 15.000 mogelijke gevaren de volgende 100 jaar met onze planeet zal botsen. Daarnaast is nog niemand ooit gestorven door een meteorietinslag. De kans dat iemand er door sterft, is dus miniem. De kans dat een meteoor de aarde vernietigt, is nog kleiner.
De aarde kreeg in zijn 4,6 miljard jarige geschiedenis slechts één keer te maken met een grote inslag en zelfs die betekende niet het einde van onze planeet. De aarde kan dus wel tegen een stootje.
De onderzoekers van NASA wachten niet tot een meteoriet tóch op de aarde inslaat. In samenwerking met ESA zochten meer dan 100 wetenschappers naar manieren om een asteroïde die onderweg is naar de aarde van zijn koers te doen afwijken.
"In tegenstelling tot andere natuurrampen, kunnen we een meteorietinslag vroeg voorspellen en dus mogelijk vermijden." Dat staat te lezen in het verslag van het onderzoek. Met AIDA (Asteroid Impact and Deflection Assessment) kunnen wetenschappers nagaan hoe groot het gevaar voor onze aarde is en welke maatregelen nodig zijn.
Samen met ESA zal NASA in 2020 een ruimtetuig lanceren om het vervolgens van koers te doen afwijken. Op die manier kunnen we nagaan of een dergelijke techniek succesvol zou zijn mocht er ooit een asteroïde naar de aarde onderweg zijn. Het project zal zo'n 250 miljoen dollar (236 miljoen euro) kosten, dat is erg weinig naar NASA-normen.
Of we het onderzoek ooit zullen nodig hebben, valt nog af te wachten. Maar NASA neemt alvast het zekere voor het onzekere.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 4/5 - (1 Stemmen) Categorie:HLN.be - Het Laatste Nieuws ( NL)
Video – 1,500 light years away from Earth, there could be an Extraterrestrials Megastructure
Video – 1,500 light years away from Earth, there could be an Extraterrestrials Megastructure
Something massive, with roughly 1,000 times the area of Earth, is blocking the light coming from a distant star known as KIC 8462852, and nobody is quite sure what it is.
As astronomer Tabetha Boyajian investigated this perplexing celestial object, a colleague suggested something unusual: Could it be an alien-built megastructure? Such an extraordinary idea would require extraordinary evidence. In this talk, Boyajian gives us a look at how scientists search for and test hypotheses when faced with the unknown.
Voor het eerst is er een peer-reviewed wetenschappelijk artikel over een prototype van de zogenaamde EmDrive gepubliceerd. "Een mijlpaal om dit werk serieus te nemen", beweert Forbes. Als die fysisch onmogelijk geachte motor toch écht zou kunnen bestaan, dan zouden astronauten na een reis van amper 70 dagen op Mars kunnen staan, in anderhalf jaar op Pluto en in amper vier uur op de maan.
Sinds de Britse uitvinder Roger Shawyer eind vorige eeuw voor het eerst met de Electromagnetic Propulsion Drive - kortweg EmDrive - afkwam, botste hij op enorme wetenschappelijke scepsis. De controversiële voortstuwingsmotor druist dan ook in tegen de derde wet van Newton, die zegt dat actie gelijk is aan reactie. Met andere woorden: om vooruit te komen moet een voorwerp een tegenkracht kennen. Voor een motor komt die kracht van buitenaf uit de energie opgewekt door brandstof. Welnu, de EmDrive doet het helemaal zonder en dat kan dus volgens de fysica niet.
Sciencefiction
Het leek van in den beginne dan ook sciencefiction: een ruimtevaartuig met een motor die geen mee te voeren brandstof gebruikt maar die gewoon haalt uit het vacuüm van de ruimte zelf. Maar het Eagleworks Laboratory - een experimenteel labo van de NASA - heeft de EmDrive getest en die blijkt een voortstuwing van 1,2 millinewton per kilowatt te kunnen opwekken in een vacuüm. Dat is ongeveer evenveel als de gemeten stuwkracht in een niet-luchtledige ruimte.
De voortstuwing wordt veroorzaakt door microgolven die, opgesloten in een kegelvormige kamer, tegen de reflecterende wanden in het rond botsen. Aan het bredere uiteinde van de kegel bereiken de microgolven hun topsnelheid, waardoor er een enorme druk ontstaat die voor voortstuwing zorgt.
Het fenomeen plaatst wetenschappers al jaren voor een raadsel en het was lang wachten op het peer-reviewed artikel dat nu pas gepubliceerd werd in het Journal of Propulsion and Power van het Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Peer-review betekent dat 'gelijken' - peers, in het Engels, of onafhankelijke collega's met een degelijke wetenschappelijke kennis over de specialisatie - de gebruike testmethodes en -metingen met een erg kritische blik bekeken hebben en dat ze daarin geen fouten hebben aangetroffen en ze dus aanvaardbaar vonden. Dat wil niet noodzakelijk zeggen dat ook de conclusie van de auteurs klopt, en dat een voortstuwingsmotor zonder tegenreactie echt bestaat. Ook de peers kunnen immers iets over het hoofd gezien hebben. Het betekent wél dat wetenschappers op iets gebotst zijn dat ze voorlopig nog niet kunnen verklaren. De externe kracht is er bijvoorbeeld misschien wel, ook al kan ze (nog) niet benoemd worden.
Ultieme test: de ruimte in
Een van de belangrijkste kritieken was dat de motor opwarmt als hij in werking wordt gesteld, dat zo ook de lucht rondom warm wordt en dat de bewuste kleine voortstuwing daardoor zou ontstaan. De test die het artikel bespreekt, maakt daar nu komaf mee omdat die werd gehouden in een bijna-vacuüm.
Maar stel nu even dat het zomaar kán, voortstuwing zónder brandstof. Dan zouden niet alleen het klimaat maar ook de ruimtevaart daar wel bij kunnen varen. Ruimtevaartuigen zouden geen liters en liters brandstof meer moeten meezeulen, wat ze een essentieel pak lichter zou maken. Ze zouden gewoon kunnen blíjven vliegen, bovendien ook nog eens aan extreem hoge snelheden. Op enkele maanden tijd zouden ruimteschepen zo de uitersten van ons zonnestelsel kunnen bereiken. De elektriciteit, die ook de EmDrive nodig heeft voor zijn werking, kan gegenereerd worden door zonnepanelen.
Het gepubliceerde artikel - na intussen alweer maanden van verhitte debatten door het vroegtijdig uitlekken van de mogelijke peer-review - maakt het voor alle experten ter zake nu alvast mogelijk om de studie minutieus onder de figuurlijke microscoop te leggen. Feit is dat experimenten die fundamentele fysische wetten lijken te schenden in het verleden op het einde bijna altijd fout bleken te zijn.
Zoals wel vaker ligt 'the proof of the pudding in the eating'. Of, zoals de Australische deskundige, dr. Patrick Neumann, het zegt: "Uiteindelijk zal de grote test erin bestaan om de motor de ruimte in te sturen". De onderzoekers zouden inderdaad van plan zijn hun volgende experiment in de ruimte te doen. Spannend afwachten wat dat wordt.
In the new film "Arrival," based on Ted Chiang's novella "Story of Your Life," alien visitors appear all around Earth and humankind scrambles to understand their purpose in visiting.
The movie's creators initially approached the computation company Wolfram Research — creator of the math programming language Mathematica, the online problem-solver Wolfram Alpha and more — to produce some charts for use in the movie. Instead, they wound up with a consultant: company founder and CEO Stephen Wolfram, whose ideas about interstellar travel, alien communication and the progress of science informed the entire movie (even if not much made it onscreen). His son, Christopher, generated visualizations for them to use.
Wolfram explained many of the ideas he came up with, and his experience creating "scientific set dressing," on his blog. As he told Space.com, "Who's to know? Maybe something that I invented for science fiction will turn into some real physics." [8 Modern Astronomy Mysteries Scientists Still Can't Explain]
Space.com talked with Wolfram about the way science fits into movies, how aliens are like artificial intelligences and whether math is invented or discovered — and what that would mean for alien mathematics and alien thought.
Space.com: How were you approached to work on the project?
Stephen Wolfram: Because a lot of scientists use our software systems and we produce a lot of interesting graphics, we have a pretty regular stream of requests from moviemakers of various kinds saying, "Can we show this graphic in our movie." This one was kind of amusing, because it was like — we're about to start shooting this fairly big-budget movie, and we need these screens that should look realistic and can you help us do this? We're starting to shoot in two weeks.
The only way one can do that is to say "show us the script," because otherwise you don't know what on Earth you're trying to dress [the set] for. I don't think the people who approached us for the movie were particularly expecting that I was going to look at them. It's just that in a company like ours, if the request is sufficiently bizarre it eventually winds up at me.
Space.com: What parts of the science were already there before you joined on?
Wolfram: There are three levels that one could take the science at. One is the "what the aliens are really doing" type thing, which is future science we don't know yet, at the other end there's the high-school level physics, and in the middle is the leading edge of what physics might have to say about it if a great big black spaceship showed up in your backyard today. I was trying to channel the last of those things, what the high end of physics today would say about these, and they had ended up quite a lot with what the high school physics version would be, which didn't seem like such a good fit.
They hadn't really thought about it. Movies are made or broken by the personal stories, and the science is mostly just dressing. It's fun for science-types to see the science as right or wrong. There's some movies where the science is close enough to what we have that what you can do in the movie really makes a statement about where science can go today. This movie, the science is far enough away from what we have today that it doesn't point us in any particular direction. I had fun figuring out a few things I hadn't figured out about interstellar space travel, and so on, but this movie is much more about alien communication, which happens to be a topic that I've thought a lot about, than it is about some space travel.
Space.com: What are your thoughts on the challenge of communication?
Wolfram: I think that the basic notion of "what do we mean by intelligence" is — it's very hard to have an abstract definition of intelligence that goes beyond just saying it does sophisticated computation. There's an awful lot of stuff that does sophisticated computation, my favorite example being the weather — which many people would say has a mind of its own, so to speak.
In modern times, there's a lovely parallel between extraterrestrial communication and AI [Artificial Intelligence] communication. They're both cases where we're dealing with an intelligence that doesn't have the same historical lineage that ours does.
You've got a neural net and it's learned to recognize 10,000 kinds of things in the world. Cats and dogs and telephones and chairs and who knows what else. And you look inside the neural nets and it's made all kinds of distinctions about how to describe the world [which] we can think of like descriptive words for aspects of those objects. But they're not words that exist in our historically derived language.
In the "Arrival" movie, the fact that the question of greatest interest is "what is your purpose here" — that has a fascinating resonance with probably what is in many ways what is one of the most important questions for AI, which is, you built an AI, what is it supposed to do, what is its purpose supposed to be. … Among the purposes we don't want is "take over the world and get rid of the humans" type thing. But there's a question of how do you get to the point where you can represent purpose in this kind of way that we humans think about purpose. [SETI: All About the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (Infographic)]
An image analysis of the aliens' writing in "Arrival," as generated by Wolfram Research
Space.com: Did you come to any conclusion about the best way to do that?
Wolfram: One thing I thought about for the "Arrival" movie was what do you use to communicate? Do you use math-like stuff or do you use more computation/programming language type stuff? I think the computation/programming language type stuff is actually better than the math-type stuff, but people don't know the words for that so it's not very useful for dialogue in the movie.
[An interesting question] about math and aliens is how much of math is invented by humans as a specific historical accident and how much of it is really just out there and merely discovered by humans. And that's an important question if you're thinking about "Did the aliens make the same math we made?" I think that an awful lot of math is very much in the invented by humans [category].
Space.com: What makes you think that?
Wolfram: The first fact familiar to all kids is that math is kind of hard. It could be the case that once you set up the axioms of math, every question that could be asked would then be easy to answer. That is true for certain kinds of axiomatic systems; it doesn't happen to be true for mathematics. In other words, the fact that there are hard questions in mathematics is the first interesting metafact about mathematics. And as we know from Gödel's [Incompleteness] Theorem, there are in a sense infinitely hard questions in mathematics.
So one of the questions is, how come math is doable but hard, as opposed to being essentially infinitely hard and just full of undecidable questions. I think the answer to that is because human mathematicians have carefully walked along those little pieces of land in this ocean of undecidable, infinitely hard math. Did they walk along the unique such paths? Or did they walk along paths that were just the ones that happened to be historically explored? You could ask the same thing about biological evolution. Are the organisms that exist today the inexorable organisms that have to exist after 2.5 billion years on a planet with this chemistry? Or are they the organisms that are simply the result of a series of historical accidents. The question in both cases of how much historical accident, how much inexorable consequences of the situation.
My guess, for math — I've gradually changed my views, a little bit, about this. I'm softening a little bit in my point of view. I had believed that it was really, deeply historical accident, but I think some aspects, I'm becoming a little bit convinced might be slightly more inexorable than I had imagined.
A still from the 2016 sci-fi film "Arrival.” In the movie, 12 alien spaceships land on Earth in different locations around the globe.
Credit: Paramount Pictures
Space.com: So some aspects of mathematics might be common for aliens and humans, but a lot wouldn't overlap?
Wolfram: [Take] binary, base 2 numbers. The I Ching, from ancient China, kind of uses those — and there are places where they'd been kind of invented a long time ago, but really nobody cared until modern times, as computers and the whole wave of technology that makes good use of binary numbers. Would the aliens care about binary numbers? Well, if you'd gone back 500 years in human mathematical history and you'd been talking with [François] Vieta, the inventor of algebra, about binary numbers, he wouldn't have had a clue, probably. And yet, today, binary numbers look to be fundamental, simple, it's-obvious type aspects of mathematics. That's an example of a historical accident. … I think that the challenge in all these cases with alien intelligence of any kind is there's a big computational universe of possible things you can compute about out there, and the particular ones that one has sampled are very dependent on the detailed history of a civilization.
Space.com: Is there any concept you invented for this movie that you're thinking about exploring more?
Wolfram: [One] thing that I did think about for this movie is the following question: Is there an infinite frontier of technology? If we know the fundamental theory of physics, are we done, or is there always more to discover? What you realize is it's very similar to the problem of axioms in mathematics and how math is hard, and ideas like Gödel's Theorem — it's an almost theoretically necessary fact that there is an infinite frontier of technologies to discover. You can always build a more complicated program.
Another question is, is there more interesting stuff to discover? We can write down an infinite number of theorems in some area of mathematics, but we might say we've gotten all the interesting ones. All the other ones are ornate, uninteresting things. That's a really interesting question I don't really know the answer to.
The question of interestingness is very closely related to these questions about purpose and cultural context, because what counts as interesting [depends on] what are you trying to do. A good example of this, coming from the Pythagoreans: They were really into the fact that 1+2+3+4=10, something that we consider now to be just, who cares. But for them, that was a profound fact. And I think that's an example of, is it interesting, or is it just some trivial arithmetical fact? It depends a lot on context.
It's far from obvious that as an alien you are going to be at all into trying to find out as much as possible. That might not be the point.
Here's How Extraterrestrial Farming Will Work on Mars
Here's How Extraterrestrial Farming Will Work on Mars
By Ian O'Neill, Discovery News
Credit: FIT/20th Century Fox
Landing humans on Mars would be a momentous event in human history. To live beyond Earth's biosphere is a dream to many, but establishing a sustainable presence on the Red Planet will require mastering its environment. We would need to devise ways of producing food where none exists, because depending on supplies from Earth would neither be sustainable or practical.
In the 2015 blockbuster movie "The Martian," Mark Watney (Matt Damon) is famously depicted planting potatoes in a makeshift greenhouse after getting stranded on Mars during an epic storm that forced the rest of his crew to abandon their mission. Using vacuum-packed potatoes from the mission's base, Watney planted them using the planet's "soil," produced water from chemical reactions and fertilized his burgeoning potato crop with the crew's freeze-dried poop.
It seems like a pretty straightforward method of cultivating plants on Mars — but deceptively so.
"It's nowhere near that easy," Ralph Fritsche, senior project manager for food production at NASA's Kennedy Space Center, told Seeker.
NASA plans to send astronauts to Mars by the 2030s, and Elon Musk's SpaceX has proposed an aggressive Mars colonization effort based on the Interplanetary Transport System (ITS). But while SpaceX may have the expertise to transport people to Mars, there is no consideration as to how they might stay there and "live off the land" to produce food.
Considering that it would cost an estimated $1 billion per person per year just to send food from Earth to Mars, it quickly becomes clear that we need another plan for feeding future Mars explorers.
"Elon Musk has presented the world with a challenge," said Daniel Batcheldor, professor of physics and space sciences at the Florida Institute of Technologyand project lead for the Buzz Aldrin Space Institute. "Right now, we know that we cannot deliver the mass needed to the surface of Mars purely from stuff sent from Earth. We have to create a sustainable colony on Mars that is not dependent on resupplies from Earth."
Whether we're thinking about setting up our first Mars colony or supporting a small team of NASA astronauts, researchers are currently developing novel strategies for growing plants beyond Earth.
Fritsche and his NASA colleague Trent Smith have teamed up with scientists at the Buzz Aldrin Space Institute to investigate how we might really grow food on Mars. Though using astronauts' physical waste for fertilizer might play a role, everything from toxin removal to "designer bacteria" will be needed to create a Martian version of the soil that we take for granted here on Earth.
"There shouldn't be any organic matter in Mars regolith" — powdered rock on the planet's surface from eons of meteorite impacts — "and, in order to recycle the nutrients, you need to have decomposers to break down what's there to make it available, in the right form, for plants to use," said assistant professor Brooke Wheeler, of Florida Tech's College of Aeronautics. "That would be one potential strategy of making a colony more sustainable to recycle waste, whether that's human waste or leftover food for composting, or any other [organic] waste products to help build that into the design of the habitat."
Wheeler and her colleague Drew Palmer, an assistant professor of biological sciences at Florida Tech, are using a Mars regolith simulant in hopes of investigating how we might use native resources when we eventually land a human mission on Mars. The simulant, which is essentially powdered volcanic rock from Hawaii, contains none of the nutrients necessary for plants to grow, but it's the closest thing we have to approximating Martian regolith.
The lettuce that was only grown in Mars only simulant (without added nutrients) produced only small leaves in the lab.
Credit: FIT/Buzz Aldrin Space Institute
Though the regolith simulant is a good start, Wheeler and Palmer are realistic about its limitations. One of the biggest challenges is how future Mars astronauts will "remediate" the regolith of toxic chemicals that are known to be present on the planet. As confirmed by NASA's Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity, Martian regolith is packed with salts called perchlorates, which are used in industrial processes on Earth and are known to trigger serious thyroid problems. The removal of perchlorates from Mars regolith is essential to making the plentiful resource appropriate for agriculture on Mars.
"One of the things we're keenly interested in is when we start to introduce microbes, we'd like to use engineered microbes that could eliminate things like the toxic perchlorates that will be in a lot of the soil," said Palmer. "You can engineer bacteria now, already on Earth, to do that."
But it doesn't stop there. As Mars doesn't have the soil microbes that form the backbone of the vital cycles that drive Earth's biosphere, we will need to introduce the bacteria and strategic plant life to the Martian regolith to ensure the plants receive the necessary nutrients.
"We believe that, in the long term, by reincorporating the microbes and organisms that co-exist with plants [on Earth] will be able to create sustainable nitrogen and phosphorus cycles [on Mars]," said Palmer.
The raw material behind these cycles is fertilizer, so when planning Mars agriculture, we need to consider how that will be sourced. Will it be shipped from Earth? Or will it be produced on site to reduce cost and the dependence on Earth?
"That's just more structures you have to build to supplement this [system]," Palmer added.
The researchers suggest that before a human even sets foot on Mars, a robotic mission could land months in advance with the sole purpose of preparing the Martian regolith for agriculture. Farm bots could extract the regolith and perform perchlorate remediation tasks while introducing the necessary biology to set up the cycles necessary for plant life to thrive. The idea is to establish a viable Mars farm ahead of a human mission that's ready for the astronauts to take over as soon as they land. Not only will there be fresh food waiting for them in their habs, but such a farm could also be supplementing life support systems with oxygen while regulating toxins in the air.
Lettuce grown in Mars simulant with added nutrients produced healthy leaves.
Credit: FIT/Buzz Aldrin Space Institute
The challenges of producing food on Mars are rich and varied, but one of the biggest benefits of physically growing plants on Mars would be a psychological one. As the project lead for the International Space Station's "Veggie" experiment — which uses hydroponics to supply plants with the necessary water and nutrients in a microgravity environment Trent Smith realized that the astronauts on the orbiting outpost took great joy in growing plants on an otherwise sterile environment away from home.
"Because they're on the space station, in a really hostile environment, with all these wires and cables and metal and plastic... when they have these little growing plants that they care for, it's their little piece of home, their little piece of nature," Smith remarked. "When we go to Mars, this is going to become really important."
The Veggie demonstration system famously produced lettuce that was consumed by NASA astronaut Scott Kelly during his year-long mission aboard the space station with Russian cosmonaut Mikhail Kornienko, but it cannot sustain astronauts in orbit alone — they remain wholly dependent on Earth for food. Though hydroponics will likely have a role to play in supplementing the diets of Mars explorers, we will ultimately need to depend on the resources the Red Planet has on offer to create and maintain a sustainable presence.
"Initially, as we go for months at a time, we might just do hydroponic farming… hydroponics are incredibly efficient," Smith noted. "But if you're going for an extended amount of time, then it makes sense to switch over to a regolith-farming system. You'll have these two different ways to grow plants for food."
Whichever way you look at it, we will need to use our technological prowess to re-learn how to farm in an inhospitable environment.
"It will basically be like going back to an early agrarian society, when we were learning how to farm the earth," said Batcheldor. "But instead of using fertile soil, we've basically got to make the soil on Mars."
"Establishing a permanent colony on Mars is going to be the ultimate act of sustainability for humanity," he added.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
