Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 12 YEARS AND 10 MONTHS.
ON 06/04/2024 MORE THAN 1.951.050
VISITORS FROM 134 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
UFOs near volcanoes are commonly seen on webcams. Also the Colima volcano in Mexico, located approximately 300 miles west of Mexico City is a well known UFO hotspot.
Once again the webcam watching the Colima volcano captured a UFO on July 4, 2015 between the 21:10:30 and 21:10:50 hours.
The next time-lapse video shows the rare cigar-shaped object or light being hovering over the volcano.
The Lanzhou Stone: Proof of Advanced Prehistoric or Extraterrestrial Civilization?
This truly amazing artefact is far older than mankind but was evidently made by someone. The question is: who?
Discovered in the late 1990s by Zhilin Wang in a remote mountainous area in northwest China, the Lanzhou Stone is one of the most baffling out of place artefacts.
The pear-shaped object is made of an extremely hard black mineral and measures approximately 3 by 3 inches. In some circles it’s been suggested that the stone might be a previously unknown type of meteorite. If this is the case, what purpose did the threaded metal bar inside the stone serve?
As you can see from the photo, embedded inside the Lanzhou stone is a metal piece that looks artificial. It is encased tightly and its position suggests it was deliberately placed there.
Many geologists were stumped by this unexplained relic, as this article in the Lanzhou Morning News suggests:
“More than 10 geologists and global physicists from the National Land Resources Bureau of Gansu Province, Colored Metal Survey Bureau of Gansu Province, the Institute of Geology and Minerals Research of China Academy, Lanzhou Branch, and the School of Resources and Environment of Lanzhou College gathered to study the origin of this mysterious stone.
After a discussion about its possibility of being man-made and the possible reasons for its formation, the scientists unanimously labeled the stone as one of the most valuable in China and in the world for collection, research and archaeological studies.”
The stone’s current location is unknown and analysis results have not been made public. But there are several interesting assumptions to be made. First of all, the metal rod was clearly fabricated and required a certain technological level to be manufactured. The unidentified black material could have been anything but the perspective of it being produced seems very likely.
In this case, where did this technology come from? Was the stone a relic from a bygone age, one of the few objects left behind by an advanced civilization? Many alternative history proponents are convinced this is not only possible, but also likely.
It’s an interesting scenario that brings up more questions. If there has been another technologically advanced civilization on Earth, there might have been more. What would the real history of our planet sound like then? A couple more practical questions would be: why aren’t they here anymore and will the same fate await us?
On the other hand, if the Lanzhou Stone is in fact a meteorite, the plot thickens dramatically. If it’s been traveling through space, its journey probably started a while ago. It could potentially be billions of years old. Was it deliberately sent here? If so, why? Could it have contained life?
Debris?
Alas, we might never find the answers to these questions. Many have come to believe that critical evidence needed to support these theories is highly protected and the conspiracy stretches far and wide. Discoveries are suppressed, scientists are discredited and information is adulterated.
The truth is either out there or much closer to us.
CRUSHED CORN AND ALIEN LANDINGS IN ARGENTINAAPRIL 2012
…………. PUJANTO ARGENTINA
The website NeuvaRegion.com reported an Argentine farmer filed a complaint with the local cops about a UFO (OVNI) that landed in his cornfield leaving behind a 600 meter by 6-ft. swath of crushed corn plants. (Six hundred meters equals 1968 ft.) Along with the damage, other witnesses claimed they saw “a ship with strange lights and colors flying over the area.” The location of the alleged UFO landing was Pujanto, 42 kilometers west of Rosario. (Google translation)Pujanto “Raul, a farmer aged 62, appeared before the Commissioner of the town of Santa Fe to report a complaint of damage to his corn field. The strange thing is that it is not clear who or what caused this strange happening. In fact, there was no theft of the crop or vehicle tracks in place; only the patch of flattened corn. Neighbors said the area brought out witnesses who claimed to see a ship with strange lights and colors flying over the area, according to the journalist who told Radio 2 Hector Lopez. These are people who were in the area of the cemetery at the entrance of the town on Route 33. The incident occurred around 3:00 AM, and the mark left by the supposed UFO is about 600 meters by six feet wide. The commissioner, Walter Freniche, confirmed the complaint and told Radio 2 that the crushed area was verified. He noted that there was no theft, or vehicle tracks, “but maybe the incident occurred four or five days ago, and had disappeared by now.” Freniche noted that “neighbors reported seeing lights” although none of them reported officially. He added: “It’s a difficult case.”
Ruimtelander Philae zit mogelijk op komeet vol aliens
Ruimtelander Philae zit mogelijk op komeet vol aliens
De ruimtelander Philae van het Europese ruimtevaartuig Rosetta, die vorig jaar succesvol landde op de komeet 67P/Tsjoerjoemov-Gerasimenko, bevindt zich mogelijk op een hemellichaam vol buitenaards leven.
Twee astrobiologen hebben tijdens een bijeenkomst van de Royal Astronomical Society in Wales gezegd dat het zwarte oppervlak en de andere eigenschappen van de komeet bijna alleen maar kunnen worden verklaard door de aanwezigheid van levende organismen onder de ijzige bodem.
Organisch materiaal
Rosetta zou vreemde clusters van organisch materiaal hebben opgepikt die verdacht veel lijken op virale deeltjes. Het ruimtetuig is echter niet uitgerust met het benodigde gereedschap voor verder onderzoek naar bewijs van buitenaards leven. Dat komt omdat een dergelijk voorstel jaren geleden door de missieleiding werd weggelachen.
“Ik wilde een goedkoop experiment voor onderzoek naar leven doen, maar dat werd toen als een zeer bizar voorstel beschouwd,” zei astrobioloog Chandra Wickramasinghe, die betrokken was bij de planning van de missie. Hij wil dat bij volgende missies naar de komeet instrumenten worden meegestuurd die zoeken naar leven.
Bewijs
Ook zijn collega Max Wallis van de Universiteit van Cardiff denkt dat de komeet en soortgelijke hemellichamen mogelijk microben herbergen die lijken op de bacteriën die in onherbergzame gebieden op aarde leven.
Wickramasinghe, directeur van het Buckingham Centre for Astrobiology, vindt dat het tijd is voor een compleet nieuwe denkwijze over de mogelijkheid van buitenaards leven. “500 jaar geleden was het nog een strijd om de mens ervan te overtuigen dat de aarde niet het centrum van het heelal is,” zei hij. “Na die revolutie bleef ons denken over leven en biologie gericht op de aarde. Het zit inmiddels zo diepgeworteld in onze wetenschappelijke cultuur dat er heel wat bewijs nodig zal zijn om hier verandering in te brengen.”
VIDEO: Mummie van mysterieuze verloren beschaving gevonden in Siberië
VIDEO: Mummie van mysterieuze verloren beschaving gevonden in Siberië
Een team archeologen heeft in het noorden van Rusland een goed bewaarde mummie opgegraven die uit de twaalfde of dertiende eeuw stamt. De mummie behoorde naar verluidt toe aan een verloren beschaving.
De archeologen denken dat de resten, die bij de stad Salechard op de noordpoolcirkel zijn gevonden, van een kind of tiener zijn, hoewel de lijkkist nog geopend moet worden. De overblijfselen zijn gewikkeld in zwachtels van berkenbast die koper bevatten. In combinatie met de ijskoude omstandigheden ontstond een graftombe, zo meldt The Siberian Times.
Alexander Goesev zei: “We hebben na overleg met collega’s besloten de vondst als geheel over te brengen naar de stad om verder onderzoek te doen. De ‘cocon’ van berkenbast is 1,3 meter lang en ongeveer 30 centimeter breed. Het hoofd en de schedel verkeren waarschijnlijk in goede staat. We denken dat het een kind is, misschien een tiener. De vondst bevindt zich momenteel in een speciale vriezer in het Shemanovski Museum in Salechard. We zijn van plan op 15 juli terug te keren naar Salechard en zullen gelijk beginnen met het openmaken van de ‘cocon’.”
De lichamen werden bedekt met stukken koper en delen van koperen ketels. In combinatie met de permafrost kon het lichaam op deze manier zo goed worden bewaard.
In 2014 werden ook al mummies gevonden in Siberië (foto). Er werden in totaal 34 ondiepe graven blootgelegd. De archeologen vermoeden dat de nieuwe ontdekking gelinkt kan worden aan deze lichamen en een overblijfsel is van een mysterieuze middeleeuwse beschaving die banden had met Perzië.
De vliegende heilige: Gevallen van levitatie waar velen getuige van zijn geweest
De vliegende heilige: Gevallen van levitatie waar velen getuige van zijn geweest
De meeste wetenschappers durven hun vingers niet te branden aan historische data over levitatie en andere vormen van telekinese. Dr. Michael Grosso is een uitzondering. “Als de verhalen over levitatie op waarheid berusten zijn ze om één grote reden van belang,” zei hij. “Ze vormen bewijs dat ideeën over materialisme onhoudbaar zijn.”
Duizenden jaren kende de mensheid verschillende methoden om te communiceren met het goddelijke, aldus Grosso. De laatste paar honderd jaar is de mensheid echter meer gaan neigen naar een absoluut materialisme. Alles wat niet fysiek kan worden gemeten werd ontkend.
Dr. Grosso is betrokken bij Universiteit van Virginia en heeft een boek geschreven over levitatie. Het boek zou in eerste instantie worden gepubliceerd door Oxford University Press, maar dat ging niet door omdat hij weigerde zijn claims over levitatie aan te passen. Dit jaar wordt het boek, getiteld The Man Who Could Fly, door een andere uitgever uitgebracht.
Sint Jozef van Cupertino (1603-1663) was een Italiaanse monnik en mysticus. In de Acta Sanctorum werden van hem tot 70 ‘vluchten’ in heel Italië geregistreerd, waarbij hij in één geval in een boom vloog en daar op een dunne tak bleef zitten wiegen. Vaak keken hele menigten toe.
Er zijn meer dan 150 ooggetuigenverslagen gepubliceerd over de ‘vluchten’ van Cupertino, die ook wel de vliegende heilige werd genoemd. Hij kon zich voor lange tijd van de grond opheffen. Het verhaal gaat dat hij regelmatig in extase raakte en dan begon te zweven en voorspellingen deed. Ook hoorde hij hemelse muziek. Er werd druk over gesproken.
De inquisitie bevond hem onschuldig aan tovenarij, maar stuurde hem eerst naar Assisi en later naar meer afgelegen kloosters om de volkstoeloop en de jaloezie van medebroeders te ontgaan. Op 24 februari 1753 werd Cupertino zalig verklaard door paus Benedictus XIV en op 16 juli 1767 volgde de heiligverklaring door Clemens XIII.
Cupertino werd in Rome op hetzelfde moment als Galileo Galilei onder een soort huisarrest geplaatst. De één was een mysticus, de ander de grondlegger van de moderne wetenschap.
“Zou het kunnen dat deze sluimerende vermogens staan voor het potentieel van de toekomstige evolutie van de mensheid?” vroeg Grosso zich af. “Je kunt alleen maar hopen dat zoiets bewaarheid wordt.”
Steeds meer worden ze opgemerkt door mensen over de hele wereld.
Wolken die op dat moment eigenlijk ergens niet thuis horen, zich op een rare manier door de lucht bewegen en soms lijken te bestaan uit een aantal vreemde lichten/UFO’s.
Via een lezer (dank!) werden we opmerkzaam gemaakt op de Facebookpagina van ene Hector Garcia.
Wat wil namelijk het geval? Hector die lijkt te wonen in Brooklyn in New York, heeft een heel merkwaardige wolk gefilmd.
Een die alsmaar van vorm verandert en waar op een gegeven moment zelfs lichten zichtbaar zijn:
Wanneer je de video bekijkt, valt je mond een beetje open van verbazing. Een wolk die zich als een soort ruimteschip door de lucht beweegt.
Als deze opname echt is, wat bij dit soort video’s altijd weer de vraag is, dan hebben we hier een prachtige opname van een UFO/wolk.
Een andere lezer (dank!) stuurde een opname van een vreemde wolk boven een stadion in Zuid Amerika tijdens een voetbalwedstrijd.
De vreemde wolk werd gefilmd tijdens de finale tussen Argentinië en Chili van de America’s Cup.
Het is verder niet bekend of er lichten en/of kleine UFO’s te zien waren bij deze bijzondere wolk.
Medieval Pictures: Do Aliens Really Visited Earth in the Middle Ages?
Medieval Pictures: Do Aliens Really Visited Earth in the Middle Ages?
In the beginning of the old civilization, human race adorned the culture and art. Among them is the Medieval Art, which is a significant artistic field that demonstrates the ancient life, at the same time influence and enrich the modern art. In the middle ages, monsters in manuscripts and books were understood to be real. They are terrorized seas and scare missionaries.
Medieval Monsters, a new book that documents dog demons, bizarre photos of headless men, and other frightful creatures that depict religious tomes and traveling tales from middles ages, supply evidence that aliens have visited. Such creatures were feared by sailors and their possible existence sway over the minds of legendary Christopher Columbus, the historical explorers. Academics Damien Kempf and Maria Gilbert, who made Medieval Monsters, explained that during the 5th and the 15th century, people questioned the meaning of creatures outside of humanity.
Drawn in the 13th century, Psalter World Map is the key to understanding the medieval mind’s concept at large. It depicts Christ is watching over the earth surrounded by an ocean. Asia is on the upper part, Europe sits on the lower left, Jerusalem is on the center stage and Africa is in the neighboring area. The Psalter World Map portrays the hostile, remote, and inhabitable places discussed by Herodotus, Piny the Elder, and authors from antiquity, known as the “monstrous zone” as explained by the authors.
Some creatures have no heads, a single eye in their ears or chest which look like arms. These unfathomable creatures may seem bizarre in their appearance as aliens, so they become a god-fearing ancestor. These specimens boasted exotic names, like the Panotii, which means “all ears.” Such books by Pliny, Mandeville, Marco Polo and Martianus were immensely filled with the medieval mind and influence. Medieval Monsters states that the book is full of freakish creatures and describes Pygmies as toothless and harmless.
Hangar 1: The UFO Files – Star People History Channel, Season 2 Episode 5 8th May 2015
Hangar 1’s files are full of stories involving Native Americans and their familiarity with alien beings they refer to as “Star People.” Is it the sacred tribal lands that attract interstellar visitors…or is it the people themselves?
Comet lander Philae may be sitting on an object teeming with alien microbial life, according to two leading astronomers.
Distinct features of the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, such as its organic-rich black crust, are best explained by the presence of living organisms beneath an icy surface, they claim.
The experts go as far as to suggest the comet is more hospitable to life than the Earth's polar regions.
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It is claimed that the distinct features of the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, such as its organic-rich black crust, are best explained by the presence of living organisms beneath an icy surface
Rosetta, the European space craft orbiting the comet, is also said to have detected strange 'clusters' of organic material that look suspiciously like viral particles.
But neither Rosetta nor its lander are equipped to search for direct evidence of life after a proposal to include this in the mission was allegedly laughed out of court.
Astronomer and astrobiologist Professor Chandra Wickramasinghe, who was involved in the mission planning 15 years ago, said: 'I wanted to include a very inexpensive life-detection experiment. At the time it was thought this was a bizarre proposition.'
He and colleague Dr Max Wallis, from the University of Cardiff, believe 67P and other comets like it could provide homes for living microbes similar to the 'extremophiles' that inhabit the most inhospitable regions of the Earth.
Comets may have helped to sow the seeds of life on Earth and possibly other planets such as Mars early in the life of the solar system, they argue.
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Steep ravines, icy surfaces and a thick dusty veil are captured on the comet's surface in high-resolution photographs taken by the Rosetta spacecraft
Professor Chandra Wickramasinghe believes 67P and other comets like it could provide homes for living microbes similar to the 'extremophiles' that inhabit the most inhospitable regions of the Earth
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Prof Wickramasinghe and Dr Wallis have carried out computer simulations that suggest microbes could inhabit watery regions of the comet
ROSETTA: THE STORY SO FAR
The Rosetta probe, which was carrying Philae, launched into space in 2004, using the gravity of Earth and Mars to slingshot its way towards comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.
It chased the comet through space for more than ten years, entering orbit in August 2014.
After a four-billion-mile (6.4 billion km) journey, the probe then successfully released the Philae lander (artist's impression shown left) from its grip to land on the comet on 12 November 2014, travelling at 3.3ft (one metre) a second relative to the comet.
But when it first made contact with the surface it failed to fire harpoons that would have kept it attached to the comet.
This resulted in it bouncing twice above the comet before landing.
Philae managed to perform more than 90 per cent of its goals on the surface before running out of power. Rosetta, meanwhile, continued to orbit and study the comet.
From data collected by the two probes, Esa said that water on the comet was different to that on Earth - suggesting water on our world came from an asteroid, not a comet.
Now, after a wait of seven months, enough sunlight is reaching Philae's solar panels that it has been able to communicate again.
It will now turn on some of its instruments again to perform new science. Whether there is any ice in the cliff it is wedged under, though, is unknown.
The astronomers will present their case for life on 67P at the Royal Astronomical Society's National Astronomy Meeting in Llandudno, Wales.
Philae made history last November after detaching from its Rosetta mothership and bouncing down onto the surface of the comet, coming to rest close to a cliff or crater wall.
After being forced into hibernation by the lack of sunlight reaching its solar panels, the probe has delighted scientists by 'waking up' as the comet races towards the sun.
The comet, described as looking like a 'rubber duck', has two lobes joined by a thinner neck and measures around 2.5 miles (4km) across.
Currently it is about 176.7 million miles (284.4 million km) from Earth and travelling at more than 73,000 mph (117,482km/h).
Professor Wickramasinghe and Dr Wallis have carried out computer simulations that suggest microbes could inhabit watery regions of the comet.
Organisms containing anti-freeze salts could be active at temperatures as low as -40°C, their research shows.
The comet has a black hydrocarbon crust overlaying ice, smooth icy 'seas', and flat-bottomed craters containing 'lakes' of re-frozen water overlain with organic debris.
Professor Wickramasinghe said: 'What we're saying is that data coming from the comet seems to unequivocally, in my opinion, point to micro-organisms being involved in the formation of the icy structures, the preponderance of aromatic hydrocarbons, and the very dark surface.
The comet has a black hydrocarbon crust overlaying ice, smooth icy 'seas', and flat-bottomed craters containing 'lakes' of re-frozen water overlain with organic debris
In total, more than 70 per cent of the comet's surface has now been imaged and beamed back to earth
'These are not easily explained in terms of pre-biotic chemistry.
'The dark material is being constantly replenished as it is boiled off by heat from the sun. Something must be doing that at a fairly prolific rate.'
He said several cracks in the ice had been shown to be 'spewing out material' that is falling on to the surface.
'I think the microbiotic activity just under the surface results in gas which builds up to the point where the overlaying layers of ice can't withstand the stresses,' said the professor.
Biological mechanisms were the likely explanation for the large quantities of organic gases that had been observed around comets, along with water, he maintained.
Philae had confirmed the presence of 'ring and linear chain' organic molecules on the surface of 67P that were more complex than simple hydrocarbons such as methane, said Professor Wickramasinghe.
However it was impossible to say if these represented amino acids, the building blocks of proteins.
In June, Philae made contact for a second time after seven months of hibernation. Professor Monica Grady from the Open University, who runs an instrument on the lander, told MailOnline that Philae has woken up 'just in time' to study the comet's most exciting phase
Philae had confirmed the presence of 'ring and linear chain' organic molecules on the surface of 67P that were more complex than simple hydrocarbons such as methane
One tantalising find was the discovery of organic 'particle clusters' by Rosetta in the gases surrounding the comet, which resembled viral particles collected from the Earth's upper atmosphere.
'They might be viral particles,' said Professor Wickramasinghe.
As the comet reaches its closest point to the sun - a distance of 121 million miles (195 million km) - its family of micro-organisms is likely to become more active, the scientists said.
Professor Wickramasinghe, director of the Buckingham Centre for Astrobiology, believes it is time for a complete shift of thinking about the possibility of alien life.
Rosetta has already shown that the comet is not to be seen as a deep-frozen inactive body, but supports geological processes and could be more hospitable to micro-life than our Arctic and Antarctic regions.
Dr Max Wallis
He said: 'The current estimate for the number of extra-solar planets in the galaxy is 140 billion plus.
'Planets that can harbour life are really quite abundant in the galaxy, and the next neighbouring system to us is only spitting distance away.
'I think it's inevitable that life is going to be a cosmic phenomenon.
'Five hundred years ago it was a struggle to have people accept that the Earth was not the centre of the universe.
'After that revolution our thinking has remained Earth-centred in relation to life and biology.
'It's deeply ingrained in our scientific culture and it will take a lot of evidence to kick it over.'
He pointed out that when proof of organic molecules in space emerged in the 1970s 'the rebuttals were fierce' from the scientific establishment.
Future missions to 67P and other comets should include life-seeking instruments, he said. But space agencies appeared reluctant to engage in a serious quest for life that risked challenging 'a long established paradigm'.
Dr Wallis said: 'Rosetta has already shown that the comet is not to be seen as a deep-frozen inactive body, but supports geological processes and could be more hospitable to micro-life than our Arctic and Antarctic regions.'
The Royal Astronomical Society told The Independent the astronomers have created 'a model that suggests micro-organisms probably require liquid water bodies to colonise the comet and could inhabit cracks in the ice and snow'.
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The two experts go as far as to suggest the comet is more hospitable to life than the Earth's polar regions. A bleak picture of pack ice at the North Pole is shown (stock image)
Philae will now join the comet as it makes its closest approach to the sun on 13 August 2015. After that, the comet will begin to move away back out into the solar system. It is expected that Philae will no longer have enough sunlight to continue working by about mid-October
WHAT WILL PHILAE DO NOW?
Once Philae became operational again, scientists checked to see it is healthy and turned its instruments on.
With ten instruments on board, and only 24 Watts of power available, Philae will use its instruments one by one in a specific order that is yet to be decided.
Some of these instruments will have a chance to perform advanced science that they didn't get a chance to perform during the brief 60 hours of operation after it landed on 12 November.
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Contact has been re-established with Philae. The probe's instruments (shown here) will be turned on one by one to start gathering scientific data on the surface again
For example, the Ptolemy instrument - which analyses samples from the surface - was only able to study dust last time around.
This time, the team will be hoping it can study ice on the comet.
Philae will also take images of its surroundings and send these back to Earth, so that scientists can get a better understanding of what sort of position it is in.
This will help them work out how much sunlight will fall on the probe, and how long it can stay operational for again - expected to be weeks, and possibly months, as the comet reaches its closest point to the sun on 13 August.
After this, as it gets further away, Philae will eventually run out of power and go into hibernation for a second time - this time for good.
Did scientists find alien life on a comet? No. A pair of astronomers today, though, presented their case at the Royal Astronomical Society’s National Astronomy Meeting in Llandudno, Wales that the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, which has been the target of the Rosetta probe and Philae lander in the last year, has a surface that suggests an underlying layer of micro-organisms.
Professors Max Wallis of the University of Cardiff and Chandra Wickramasinghe of the University of Buckingham posit the comet's black crust, indications of an icy sublayer below the crust and pools of refrozen water with "organic-rich debris" could be the result of microbes, as in life.
The key words here are could be. It's a hypothesis.
The Rosetta mission to the comet launched in 2004 by the European Space Agency with the goal of putting its lander Philae on the comet's surface, which was accomplished in November 2014.
The lander had a bumpy landing though, bouncing twice off the surface of the comet before settling into a more shady location of the rubber duck-shaped comet than intended, which had the effect of not allowing the lander to recharge from the sun. Its initial findings were gathered on battery power and sent back to Earth before the lander powered down. As the comet has approached the sun though, which it orbits every 6 1/2 years on a path between Earth and Jupiter, Philae recently made contact again, but it has been limited.
The comet is currently 123 million miles from the sun and 175 million miles from Earth. It will make its closest approach to the sun in August.
"Increasing rates of gassing as Rosetta follows comet 67P around its 1.3 AU perihelion will hopefully reveal the activation of possible micro-organisms as well as the nature and prevalence of near-surface ices," reads the astronomers' outline presentation.
More details of the two astronomers' presentation were reported in The Guardian today, which reported, "Neither Rosetta nor Philae are equipped to search for direct evidence of life." You can read that here.
So is there life on this comet? There's no conclusive data at this point, and that is not the purpose of the Rosetta mission, but there's always hope and those who think it's worth looking for.
Wickramasinghe has been in the spotlight before for pushing hypotheses about life in outer space. On Slate's Bad Astronomy blog, Phil Plait wrote in 2013 a criticism of Wickramasinghe's research.
"Wickramasinghe is a proponent of the idea of panspermia: the notion that life originated in space and was brought to Earth via meteorites. It’s an interesting idea and not without some merits," Plait wrote. " However, Wickramasinghe is fervent proponent of it. Like, really fervent. So much so that he attributes everything to life in space. He’s said that the flu comes from space. He’s said SARS comes from space. He’s claimed living cells found in the stratosphere come from space."
Meanwhile, Rosetta continues to orbit the comet as it approaches the sun. A recent discovery of giant sinkholes was outlined in the journal Nature. You can read more about that here.
Photo Illustration by Sarah Rogers/The Daily Beast
It’s no coincidence that alien abductions, which presumably never happen, are described so consistently. Inside the neurological patterns that bring extraterrestrial fears to life.
Recently, Grammy-winning country star Kacey Musgraves, best known for her hit single “Follow Your Arrow,” declared that her greatest fear is being abducted by aliens. It might surprise you to learn that such a successful, rational-appearing person would espouse such an irrational concern, until you realize how many people do too.
A 2013 poll revealed that 50 percent of Americans believe that aliens exist in the universe. One in four asserted that aliens have actually visited Earth. The question is not whether people have actually been abducted by aliens (we will assume they haven’t) but rather why do they believe that they have?
The first instinct is to presume that self-proclaimed abductees are just crazy. On the contrary: Alien-believers are no more likely to suffer from psychiatric illness than the average person. Psychological assessments show that abductees may score high on tests of creativity and display a proclivity for fantasy, but that doesn’t make them crazy.
Not only do abductees tend to be ordinary people, but they also tell remarkably similar stories of their alien contact. The plot goes something like this: victims are lying down and paralyzed when the intruders arrive. Shadowy, gray or white figures glare down at them as they poke, prod, and otherwise manipulate their bodies. Victims may hear footsteps or whispers and feel vibrations or electric-shock sensations. Most prominently, the experience is confusing and terrifying, so much so that it causes lasting feelings of fear and depression, the consequences of true trauma.
The details of the story vary from person to person, but the narrative arc is the same. Why is this experience, which presumably never happens in reality, described so consistently from person to person? It’s because they’re telling the truth. Abductees truly do suffer through a mysterious, terrifying episode, defined by these strange sensations. It just has nothing to do with aliens. It has to do with an anomaly with the neurologic transition from sleep.
During REM sleep, as we are immersed in our most vivid dreams, our muscles are paralyzed. The normal transition to wakefulness involves two major changes in the brain: the return of conscious awareness and the regaining of muscle control. Though these two functions arise from different brain regions, they reactivate simultaneously when we wake up each morning.
At least, that’s what usually happens.
In the phenomenon of sleep paralysis, a delay occurs between the return of awareness and the activation of muscle control. Sleep paralysis renders a person awake and aware of her surroundings, but completely paralyzed for seconds to several minutes, though episodes lasting over an hour have been reported. Visual and auditory hallucinations often accompany the paralysis. People hear strange sounds, see ghastly figures, and can feel the presence of foreign beings in their midst. Sleep paralysis is surprisingly common, affecting about 8 percent of the population. For most people, the paralysis lasts for only a few seconds and they don’t have the complete, hallucinatory experience. For those who do, however, sleep paralysis is a waking nightmare.
It’s no coincidence that the symptoms of sleep paralysis match up almost perfectly to those of alien abduction. In both cases, victims feel physically pinned down while sensing a sinister foreign presence. Each element of the abduction story can be generated neurologically, including the aliens themselves. In fact, by stimulating the temporal lobes of volunteers, neuroscientists have successfully elicited the feeling of contact with shadowy figures.
Sleep paralysis appears to be an excellent explanation for the typical alien abduction story, yet the topic of alien abduction has not been put to rest and there continue to be reports of incidents, week after week. The question is: When a rational person suffers an episode of sleep paralysis, why does he elect to believe something as irrational as an extraterrestrial encounter as the underlying cause?
When the brain is confronted with confusing or contradictory signals, it instinctively seeks out a way to reconcile them. For example, consider the case of the Cotard delusion, a psychiatric condition in which people believe themselves to be dead. In the brain, it’s thought to arise from a broken connection between the sensory and emotional systems. As a result, patients develop a strange symptom: When they see familiar people, they don’t feel any emotion toward them. Even when seeing their closest friends or family, they feel a mysterious emotional distance. They feel disconnected from others, removed from the world.
Faced with such a peculiar experience, the brain searches for a logical explanation.
What could explain a sudden emotional distance from others, a feeling of being separated from reality? That sounds a lot like death. At least, that’s the way death is portrayed in our culture. For people who accept that depiction of death, it seems to align with their strange psychological symptoms. Thought of this way, their claim of being dead starts to seem reasonable, even logical.
Similarly, when someone with sleep paralysis suffers the terrifying, hallucinatory experience, the immediate question is: What just happened to me? The brain searches through our knowledge and memory for an explanation. What story can it string together to make sense of being paralyzed, feeling poked and prodded, and the vision of hazy, gray figures? That sounds a lot like alien abduction—at least it does in America.
In other cultures, sleep paralysis leads to a variety of other supernatural narratives. In the Caribbean, there are reports of the phenomenon called “Kokma,” in which the spirits of unbaptized babies jump on a person’s chest and grasp his throat. In Mexico, sleep paralysis is called subirse el muerto, or “a dead body climbed on top of me.” In the UK, the episodes were called “stand-stills,” caused by the spirit leaving the body when asleep but not returning upon waking.
Culture helps dictate the ideas we are most likely to believe, the direction toward which the brain’s arrow will point. In Mexico, the brain cites local lore about the rise of the dead in explaining sleep paralysis, but in America alien abductions are the fear of choice. It’s no wonder that TheX-Files is getting a reboot on television. Aliens are just as much a pop-culture phenomenon today as they were 20 years ago when the show originally aired.
When people suffer from sleep paralysis, the brain points to the cultural representation of alien abduction not only because it fits the symptoms, but because it is low hanging fruit. Perhaps it’s something they always wondered about, feared, or even suspected to be true. What’s more, abductees can take comfort in the knowledge that they are not alone in having that belief. There are many other believers out there, including famous country singers. The brain follows our inner arrow to create a story that is not only logical, but one we are likely to believe.
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Denis Kilcommons: Any alien life out there just like us?
Denis Kilcommons: Any alien life out there just like us?
The truth is out there – if we could only find it
Aliens are usually portrayed in fiction as everything from little green men to reptilians.
But the truth could be that they look just like us.
Professor Simon Conway Morris, of Cambridge University says, in his new book The Runes Of Evolution, that life on planets that are similar to Earth could have evolved along the same lines as we did.
Plant and animal life could look similar to ours and the inhabitants could look human.
He also tackles the question many sceptics ask. If aliens exist, why haven’t they been in contact?
“The likelihood of intelligence evolving and actively engaging in some sort of trans-galactic expeditions doesn’t seem to be completely beyond the realm of possibility,” he says.
So they could be on their way and arrive at some time in the future – or maybe they’ve been visiting for centuries but never let on.
There are, off course, plenty of people who believe that is the case.
They say they designed the pyramids, built Atlantis, laid out landing sites for spaceships in Peru and cross-bred with locals after crash landing.
There are those who believe Jesus and Buddha were aliens from Venus and St Peter came from Mars.
These are not silly people – they don’t believe the moon is made from green cheese.
But there are those who say the moon is actually an alien spaceship that has been monitoring our progress for millennia.
If aliens have been visiting throughout history it supports the theory that they do, indeed, look like us.
A little green man or seven foot reptilian might have caused a stir trying to blend into a middle ages society that was prone to burn people at the stake for being different.
Before tourism, strangers arriving in a far distant place tried to blend in.
I did when I arrived from Manchester.
But then, I’ve been convinced for years that I’m an alien, that I was a cuckoo in the nest dropped off by a spaceship as an experiment to see if beings from another world could survive and thrive on Earth.
Hasn’t everybody had that
thought at some point?
The universe is vast and there are, without doubt, similar planets to ours where life might have evolved along similar lines.
Worlds that might have towns like Huddersfield and people like us.
Don’t you ever stare up at the night sky and think that maybe up there, third star from the sun, there’s a bloke staring back with that ageless question in the back of his mind: I wonder if Town will get promoted next season?
Sleep Paralysis 101: Waking Up And Being Unable To Move
Sleep Paralysis 101: Waking Up And Being Unable To Move
By Steven Bancarz| Have you ever woken up in the middle of the night terrified and been unable to move? Sleep paralysis is a phenomenon that occurs when a person wakes up from a sleep being unable to move, speak, or react. It usually occurs as a person is about to fall asleep or as they are about to wake up out of sleep, and is usually accompanied with breathing difficulties.
This may not sound like a big deal for those who haven’t experienced it, but it can be terrifying at times. You are totally paralyzed and unable to wake yourself up. When you are in a state of paralysis, it is the brains natural response to think that you are under attack, so your brain naturally enters into a state of “flight” mode.
Sometimes, sleep paralysis is accompanied by hallucinations or the feeling that there is an intruder in the room. Some people even claim to sense the presence of demonic entities that sit on their chest, or aliens that stand over top of them. In fact, the Chinese used to call this experience “Gui Ya” which means “ghost pressure”, and they believed that a ghost would come sit on your chest as you sleep and paralyze you.
What is the scientific reason reason this is happening? Well, there isn’t any confirmed theory out there yet. The most plausible scientific explanation is that it is thought to occur when the mind wakes up out of REM sleep while the body is still in a state of atonia to prevent sleepers from acting out their dreams. I would agree with this for the most part, but I have experienced sleep paralysis with my eyes open as I was sitting up in bed after waking up from a sleep, so I know for a fact my brain was not in a REM state of sleep because I had already been awake for several minutes.
In this article, we will look at what to do to stay calm during sleep paralysis, how to prevent it from happening, and how to use it to your own spiritual advantage.
What to do when you can’t move
.I have had a great deal of experiences with sleep paralysis, and have now reached a point where it no longer bothers me anymore. The first time it happened to me, I tried to fight it and forcefully wake myself up from it. This only caused me fear and anxiety and was completely ineffective. If you wake up and realize you are in a state of sleep paralysis, don’t resist it. The minute you resist it, you will start freaking out. Accept it, and treat it as an opportunity to practice patience and peace of mind.
Conscious breathing really helps keeping your mind from entering freak-out mode. Breathe in slowly and consciously, and exhale slowly and consciously. Don’t panic. Make it your mission when you are in sleep paralysis to be as calm as you can, and treat it as a chance to be fully present within your body. Enter a meditative state of mind, and it will shortly pass with time.
There have been times where I have heard voices in my ear while being paralyzed, but I remained calm by meditating and practicing conscious breathing. It’s kind of like taking psychedelic drugs. You can give yourself a bad experience by what you choose to think about and where you allow your mind to wander.
It can only have power over you if you give it your power. Keep your attention inside your breath. Pretend that you chose you would experience sleep paralysis at that time, and full embrace the experience with peace of mind.
Prayer has also brought many people peace during scary experiences of sleep paralysis, so if you feel comfortable calling out to God or Jesus, that will only help bring you more comfort.
Preventing sleep paralysis
There are several factors that have been identified as increasing your chances of experiencing sleep paralysis. Some of these include physical fatigue, under-sleeping, and erratic sleep schedule, stress, and an overuse of stimulants. For me personally, oversleeping is what has caused most of my sleep paralysis experiences. Most of the happen when I choose to go back to sleep even when I am rested, or when I take a nap throughout the day.
So a big way to prevent paralysis from happening is to have a proper sleep schedule. Healthier sleep habits is the best thing you can do to avoid this experience. Another big way to prevent sleep paralysis is to not sleep in supine position. This is what supine position looks like
:When you sleep flat on your back in supine position, your soft palate is more likely to collapse and obstruct your breathing. This causes you to wake up out of deep sleep while your body is still in a state of atonia from REM sleep. Sleeping on your stomach (in prone position) or on your side is a good way to prevent this from happening.
Using sleep paralysis to your spiritual advantage
Sleep paralysis can be a burden for some, and an opportunity for others. Not only can you treat it as a test to see how present and calm you can become, you can also use it a chance to try to initiate an out-of-body experience or a lucid dream. Remember, some part of you remains in REM sleep while your waking mind is alert and attentive. What if this REM atonia is a sort of toolbox that enables you to use your will, intention, and visualization to leave your body and enter into new worlds?
Affirm to yourself that you are going to have an out-of-body experience, and visualize yourself hovering over top of your own body. Feel yourself starting to leave your body, and stay calm in your mind knowing that you will soon be outside of your body. Many people claim that they try to induce sleep paralysis on purpose as one of the beginning stages of astral travel.
Don’t think if yourself as a victim to a scary experience. Think of yourself as a pioneer on the edge of a world of lucid dreams and astral travel and create the experience you want for yourself. Science tells us that we are literally at the brink of the world of sleep and dreams and the world of waking life. Why not use it to your spiritual advantage and experiment a little bit?
The truth is, there is really nothing to be scared of. Nobody has ever died or been injured from being in sleep paralysis, and it usually doesn’t last for more than 30 seconds. Work with it, practice presence, clean up your sleep schedule, and if you feel like you’re up to it, use is as a launching pad for the exploration of other dimensions.
The white formation then appears to change shape several times in the course of a few seconds.
Facebook/Hector Garcia
Sighting: The cloud looks normal enough at the start of the clip
Stunned Hector Garcia, from New York, is convinced he may have spotted an alien vessel and has been backed by hundreds of people after posting the footage on Facebook.
He wrote: "Looking out my window this morning there was a cloud coming down from the sky with sparkling lights in it it was moving weird so I pulled my phone out."
Facebook/Hector Garcia
Movement: However, the cloud begins rapidly gliding through the sky
The post attracted a viral response from believers who said they thought this was proof of alien life.
More than 1,500 have since shared the 92-second clip on Facebook.
Facebook/Hector Garcia
Shape: The cloud also appears to change shape in the air
Nigel Watson author of the UFO.Investigations Manual, said: "I've seen a lot of UFO videos and they either look too good to be true or are of objects so far away and out-of-focus that you can't tell what they are.
"In this case it doesn't look much at first then the 'cloud' descends and looks very odd indeed. It could be clever CGI or a hoax, or it could be a rare form of weather phenomenon.
"Certainly it looks very 'alien' and has got conspiracy fans wondering if it is an 'invisible' stealth drone or that it is some form of translucent organic entity that lives in the sky."
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06-07-2015
Exmouth beach cordoned off as large mystery hole appears
Exmouth beach cordoned off as large mystery hole appears
The large hole appeared on the beach on Thursday afternoon
A large mystery hole which spurted "big plumes of water" and sent plants and snails shooting into the air has appeared on a beach.
The coastguard at Exmouth beach cordoned off the 15ft (4.6m) by 15ft hole on Thursday afternoon.
The hole, which was "bubbling" with water, has since been filled in by the incoming tide.
East Devon District Council said it was trying to find out what caused the hole and a cordon remains at Orcombe Point.
When the coastguard team arrived they said the surrounding sand was soft and fresh holes were appearing.
Kite surf instructor James Dart said: "I looked over and there were big plumes of water coming out of the beach it was all bubbling up much like a geyser, it was probably going about a foot above the beach - it was quite tremendous sight.
"I got closer and saw plant matter coming up a few snails coming out too. It was something to spice things up in the rain."
'Bit of a mystery'
It is thought there could have been a chamber underneath the hole, about 10ft (3m) to 15ft (4.6m) deep.
Council officials said engineers would "continue to monitor the situation over the weekend and between tides".
They added: "The beach is very popular with dog walkers and bathers who are being advised to avoid the cordoned off area.
"Heavy rain yesterday may be the cause of the hole - a natural phenomenon - to have opened up, but is still a bit of a mystery."
Members of the public have been advised to avoid the area
Methane on Mars: does it mean the Curiosity rover has found life?
Methane on Mars: does it mean the Curiosity rover has found life?
Nasa’s announcement of the discovery of methane – which on Earth comes largely from life – has sparked speculation
Nasa's Curiosity rover found methane at about 1 part per billion in Mars's atmosphere, 4,000 times less than in Earth's air. Photograph: Nasa/JPL-Caltech/MSSS/EPA
The results are certainly tantalising. From time to time, Mars belches out clouds of methane, a gas that on Earth comes largely from life. When animals and other organisms eat food they produce methane as a waste gas. From one end or the other, that gas ultimately finds its way out into the air.
Nasa’s announcement on Tuesday that its Curiosity rover had detected wafts of methane in the Martian air was met with immediate speculation that life might be the source. It might. Communities of microbes could be living under the Martian surface and churning out the gas. Perhaps the corpses of long-extinct bugs are being heated in the Martian interior and vaporised into methane. But any number of other processes that involve nothing as spectacular as life can and do make methane too. The problem is that detecting methane alone is never enough to answer the question of whether or not we are alone.
“You need to know a lot more about what’s going on right at the source,” said Michael New, an astrobiologist at Nasa’s headquarters in Washington DC. “You need to know the context. It’s very hard to look at methane alone and say it came from life.”
Nasa made its first definitive detection of methane on Mars in 2009. Telescopes picked out spectral features of the gas, and revealed plumes of methane pouring from the northern hemisphere. The finding was evidence for a replenishing supply of the gas on the planet, because methane molecules, on average, last only 340 years in Martian air before they are broken down by sunlight.
The prospect that life forms were responsible for the 2009 methane plumes (and that humanity’s first encounter with aliens might be through a fog of their waste gases) was fiercely debated at the time. The latest results from Curiosity, based on measurements on the Martian surface, are a much-needed confirmation. They show that the gas is present at about 1 part per billion in the Martian atmosphere, or 4,000 times less than in Earth’s air.
But still the caveats remain. Methane is given off by any number of processes. Rocks bearing the mineral olivine have been found on Mars. They can react with water, also spotted on Mars, to produce methane. Another source could be icy subsurface clathrates, or molecular cages that harbour methane but can release it in bursts over time. The gas can be made in other ways too, such as reactions between cosmic dust and ultraviolet light from the sun.
Nasa’s Curiosity rover was not sent to Mars to find signs of life. Its mission was to scour the environment and work out whether it was once habitable or inhabited. In the coming months, the rover will analyse soils and rocks on the planet, to learn more about organics found in those, but a direct detection of life is almost impossible.
“In the best of all possible worlds, you would crack open a Martian rock and there would be eyes staring back at you. Or at least endolithic communities [organisms that live in the cracks of rocks such as moss and lichen], which you can find living inside rocks in the desert and in Antarctica. The rocks can provide protection, but sometimes they are using the chemistry of the rocks for energy as well. So if you cracked open a rock and saw a band of green or orange, then that could mean life. That would be great, but we can’t expect it to happen,” said New.
Nasa is already planning a follow-up mission to Curiosity that could provide the next leap forward in understanding whether Mars is or was ever inhabited. Based on the Curiosity rover, the Mars 2020 mission is part of a long-term campaign to bring Martian rocks home. “Once you have samples on Earth, you can do a lot of very deep analyses we cannot put on spacecraft,” New said. “You can look inside rocks for organic matter and if it’s there, what does it look like? Is it dots of carbon, or is it something else?”
But even bringing Mars rocks back to break open on Earth might not be enough. The Allan Hills meteorite, probably the oldest Martian meteorite ever found, was picked up in Antarctica in 1984. Since then, it has been studied extensively, but the results from years of tests are still controversial. “While most people don’t believe there’s evidence for life in there, it’s still not an open-and-shut case,” said New.
Stronger evidence might come from a joint mission under way at the European and Russian space agencies. The ExoMars rover and a Mars trace gas orbiter are due to be launched in 2018 with the express goal of searching for signatures of life past or present. Good evidence for a biological origin for methane on Mars could come from measurements of the isotopes of carbon and hydrogen that make up the methane molecules. On Earth, at least, life tends to use lighter isotopes, so more carbon-12 than carbon-13.
Nasa's Curiosity rover finds water below surface of Mars
Nasa's Curiosity rover finds water below surface of Mars
New measurements from the Gale crater contradict theories that the planet is too cold for liquid water to exist, but Mars still considered hostile to life
The Curiosity rover is currently ascending Mount Sharp, in the centre of the Gale crater. Illustration: Stocktrek Images, Inc./Alamy
Mars has liquid water just below its surface, according to new measurements by Nasa’s Curiosity rover.
Until now, scientists had thought that conditions on the red planet were too cold and arid for liquid water to exist, although there were known to be deposits of ice.
Prof Andrew Coates, head of planetary science at the Mullard Space Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, said: “The evidence so far is that any water would be in the form of permafrost. It’s the first time we’ve had evidence of liquid water there now.”
The latest findings suggest that Martian soil is damp with liquid brine, due to the presence of a salt that significantly lowers the freezing point of water. When mixed with calcium perchlorate liquid water can exist down to around -70C, and the salt also soaks up water vapour from the atmosphere.
New measurements from the Gale crater show that during winter nights until just after sunrise, temperatures and humidity levels are just right for liquid brine to form.
Morten Bo Madsen, a senior Mars scientist at the University of Copenhagen and a co-investigator on the Curiosity rover, said: “The soil is porous, so what we are seeing is that the water seeps down through the soil. Over time, other salts may also dissolve in the soil and now that they are liquid, they can move and precipitate elsewhere under the surface.”
Liquid water is traditionally considered an essential ingredient for life as we known it, but Mars remains hostile for other reasons, the scientists said. The latest findings are unlikely to change the view that if life ever blossomed on Mars, it probably died out more than a billion years ago.
“There are organisms on Earth, halophiles, that can survive in salty environments, but if it’s also very cold and very dry that’s a problem” said Madsen. “The radiation on Mars nails it – that environment is very hostile.”
Prof Coates agreed: “Liquid water is one of the conditions you need for life, it’s not all of them.”
On Earth, the global magnetic field protects the atmosphere from being degraded by harmful cosmic radiation from the Sun. In the past, scientists believe that Mars had a similar magnetic field and thicker atmosphere, but that the field was lost around four billion years ago.
Today, cosmic radiation penetrates at least one metre into the Martian surface and would kill even the most robust microbes known on Earth.
Surface temperatures on Mars range from around 20C at noon, at the equator, down to lows of around −153C at the poles. The presence of perchlorate salts was discovered in 2008, but until now if was not known whether temperatures and humidity would be high enough to produce liquid brine.
The latest paper, published in Nature, analyses humidity and temperature data for a full Martian year, showing that liquid brine ought to form. Instruments on-board Curiosity also measured estimates of subsurface water concentration, which suggested that water was indeed being absorbed from the air and the surface frost by the salty soil.
The water would be present in tiny quantities between the grains of soil, rather than in droplet form. “If you dug a trench you might see that the soil at the base was a bit darker,” said Madsen.
Curiosity landed on Mars in 2012 in the large crater, Gale, located just south of the equator. The giant crater is 154 kilometres in diameter and the rim of the crater is almost five kilometres high.
In the middle of the crater lies Mount Sharp, which Curiosity is currently ascending.
Observations by the Mars probe’s stereo camera have previously shown areas characteristic of old riverbed, with rounded pebbles that indicate there were flowing rivers up to one metre deep in the past.
The latest close-up images show slanting expanses of sedimentary deposits, lying one above the other. “These kind of deposits are formed when large amounts of water flow down the slopes of the crater and these streams of water meet the stagnant water in the form of a lake,” said Madsen.
For millennia Homo sapiens–the species that emerged after the demise of the Neanderthals–existed throughout the world as hunter-gatherers in small, cooperative social groups. Then suddenly, around 3000 B.C.E., the first of six great civilizations sprang up around the globe. All of them told creation myths in which gods came down to Earth, fashioned humans in their own image, and then taught them the arts of agriculture and civilized life. In addition, all these cultures–established in Egypt, Sumer, Peru, Mexico, China, and the Indus Valley–created mammoth pyramids, though science has never been able to explain how or where they obtained the advanced technological knowledge to construct these edifices. The abrupt appearance of these civilizations and the similarities of their development call into question the Darwinian theory of evolution–for there exists no trace of an intermediate Homo sapiens between these advanced people and the hunter-gatherer peoples who preceded them and who continued to live in other parts of the world as they had for thousands of years.
Now, using the most current research on DNA; available archaeological, geodesic, and astronomical evidence; and a revolutionary analysis of the Book of Genesis, Will Hart makes the case that these gods were actually visitors from another world who genetically engineered modern humanity. Only now, at our current stage of development, are we ready to understand the information left behind in the ancient sites and mythology of these great civilizations–information that reveals the fate of humanity in the coming Earth changes.
Each week on Just Energy Radio, Dr. Rita is joined by experts from the fields of astrology, alternative health, ancient mysteries, cryptozoology, ghost hunting, metaphysics and spirituality, paranormal phenomena, quantum physics, UFO’s and alien abduction and more…
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
