The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
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Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld Ontdek de Fascinerende Wereld van UFO's en UAP's: Jouw Bron voor Onthullende Informatie!
Ben jij ook gefascineerd door het onbekende? Wil je meer weten over UFO's en UAP's, niet alleen in België, maar over de hele wereld? Dan ben je op de juiste plek!
België: Het Kloppend Hart van UFO-onderzoek
In België is BUFON (Belgisch UFO-Netwerk) dé autoriteit op het gebied van UFO-onderzoek. Voor betrouwbare en objectieve informatie over deze intrigerende fenomenen, bezoek je zeker onze Facebook-pagina en deze blog. Maar dat is nog niet alles! Ontdek ook het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt en Caelestia, twee organisaties die diepgaand onderzoek verrichten, al zijn ze soms kritisch of sceptisch.
Nederland: Een Schat aan Informatie
Voor onze Nederlandse buren is er de schitterende website www.ufowijzer.nl, beheerd door Paul Harmans. Deze site biedt een schat aan informatie en artikelen die je niet wilt missen!
Internationaal: MUFON - De Wereldwijde Autoriteit
Neem ook een kijkje bij MUFON (Mutual UFO Network Inc.), een gerenommeerde Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in de VS en wereldwijd. MUFON is toegewijd aan de wetenschappelijke en analytische studie van het UFO-fenomeen, en hun maandelijkse tijdschrift, The MUFON UFO-Journal, is een must-read voor elke UFO-enthousiasteling. Bezoek hun website op www.mufon.com voor meer informatie.
Samenwerking en Toekomstvisie
Sinds 1 februari 2020 is Pieter niet alleen ex-president van BUFON, maar ook de voormalige nationale directeur van MUFON in Vlaanderen en Nederland. Dit creëert een sterke samenwerking met de Franse MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP, wat ons in staat stelt om nog meer waardevolle inzichten te delen.
Let op: Nepprofielen en Nieuwe Groeperingen
Pas op voor een nieuwe groepering die zich ook BUFON noemt, maar geen enkele connectie heeft met onze gevestigde organisatie. Hoewel zij de naam geregistreerd hebben, kunnen ze het rijke verleden en de expertise van onze groep niet evenaren. We wensen hen veel succes, maar we blijven de autoriteit in UFO-onderzoek!
Blijf Op De Hoogte!
Wil jij de laatste nieuwtjes over UFO's, ruimtevaart, archeologie, en meer? Volg ons dan en duik samen met ons in de fascinerende wereld van het onbekende! Sluit je aan bij de gemeenschap van nieuwsgierige geesten die net als jij verlangen naar antwoorden en avonturen in de sterren!
Heb je vragen of wil je meer weten? Aarzel dan niet om contact met ons op te nemen! Samen ontrafelen we het mysterie van de lucht en daarbuiten.
20-03-2019
Archaeologists Didn't Believe Their Eyes When They Found This (Video)
Archaeologists Didn't Believe Their Eyes When They Found This(Video)
In today’s world, there are new opportunities for new discoveries that keep appearing and as a result, these new findings are constantly happening. Archaeology also uses the latest achievements in technology to aid in their research..
However, some of these remarkable discoveries are made by just common every day, people. For example, a little girl found a real sword in a lake and that weapon is at least 1,000 years old!
So here are some recent archaeological findings that have stupefied scientists all over the world.
Has the Enigmatic Voynich Manuscript Code Finally Been Cracked?
Has the Enigmatic Voynich Manuscript Code Finally Been Cracked?
The Voynich Manuscript is a mysterious illustrated hand-written vellum codex in a currently unidentified written and visual code. However, according to a non-peer reviewed paper published in John's Hopkins University digital journal, a Canadian researcher has finally cracked the six century old Voynich Manuscript code. But has he really?
History of the Mysterious Manuscript
The manuscript’s documented history stretches back to 1639 (though it is said to be older than this), when a Prague citizen named Georgius Barschius wrote a letter to a Jesuit named Athanasius Kircher who was living in Rome. He told Kircher that he had a strange manuscriptfilled with illustrations of plants, stars, and “chemical secrets” accompanied by an “ unknown script .” Barschius wrote with hope that Kircher may help translate the work, but Kircher couldn’t apparently accomplish the task either.
The next time the manuscript appears is almost 300 years later, and that story explains how it became known as the Voynich Manuscript . The name comes from Wilfrid Voynich (1865 - 1930), a Polish revolutionary, antiquarian, and bibliophile who operated one of the largest rare book businesses in the world. Purchased by Voynich in 1912, the manuscript, which he simply called his “cipher MS,” has been Carbon-dated to between 1404 -1438 AD and it is thought to have been composed in Northern Italy during the Italian Renaissance.
There is much secrecy around Voynich’s acquiring the mysterious manuscript, but he did say some, possibly untrue, things about it. For example, Voynich claimed to have found the document in a collection of illuminated manuscripts in some “ancient castle in Southern Europe.” He wrote:
“While examining the manuscripts, with a view to the acquisition of at least a part of the collection, my attention was especially drawn by one volume. It was such an ugly duckling compared with the other manuscripts, with their rich decorations in gold and colors that my interest was aroused at once. I found that it was written entirely in cipher. Even a necessarily brief examination of the vellum upon which it was written, the calligraphy, the drawings and the pigments suggested to me as the date of its origin the latter part of the thirteenth century. The drawings indicated it to be an encyclopedic work on natural philosophy. [...] the fact that this was a thirteenth century manuscript in cipher convinced me that it must be a work of exceptional importance, and to my knowledge the existence of a manuscript of such an early date written entirely in cipher was unknown, so I included it among the manuscripts which I purchased from this collection.”
Famous Attempts to Decode the Voynich Manuscript
The Voynich Manuscript traveled with its owner to London in 1912 and then to the United Sates in 1915. He sometimes provided people with photographic samples of the manuscript to see if they could decipher what it may mean. In 1920, a man named William Romaine Newbold famously suggested a possible solution to a part of the manuscript, but it was later disproved by John M. Manly in 1931.
In 1969, the Voynich Manuscript was donated by Hans P. Kraus to Yale University's Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, where it is currently catalogued under call number MS 408. Measuring 23.5 by 16.2 by 5 cm (9.3 by 6.4 by 2.0 inches) the text is written from left to right in a sophisticated script. With around 240 pages collected into 18 quires, and because many pages fold out, the artifact brings to adults all the same intrigue and interactivity as pop-up books offer children. 14 of the pages are missing and there is no author or title provided on the cover.
Some pages of the Voynich Manuscript fold out to show larger diagrams.
Hundreds of professional cryptographers, including American and British codebreakers from both World War I and II, have attempted to decipher the text and interpret the images; but none of the hypotheses proposed thus far account for all, or even most, of its many parts. Literary specialists and historians have proposed a long list of possible authors including: Roger Bacon , John Dee , Edward Kelley , Giovanni Fontana, or even Voynich himself.
Mr. Voynich among his books in Soho Square circa 1899.
The text of the Voynich Manuscript is written in short paragraphs and is still a mystery. It may be tempting to assume there is some link between the writing and illustrations, which appear to be connected to Medieval science or medicine, but this can’t be verified. The manuscript’s visual content is generally described as being: herbal, botanical, astronomical, biological, cosmological, and pharmaceutical in nature, and specialists have observed characters from Latin/Greek/Old Cyrillic / Croatian Glagolitic cursive, and Hebrew. Detailed studies of the parchment, cover, binding, ink, paint, and retouching methods are available online and we will waste no time on these elements in this article. Our clear purpose here is to look at the solution recently presented by Canadian researcher, Mr. Amet Ardic, who believes the manuscript contains “shapes meaning prefixes and suffixes in distinctive letters, resembling the Turkish language used in his home country.”
Detail of an unidentified plant on page 78r of Voynich Manuscript, in a part of the text which has become known as the “biological” section.
Is Turkish the Key to Cracking the Voynich Manuscript Code?
Mr. Ardic claims he and his son have discovered more than 300 words in the Voynich Manuscript Code. His research paper was published on the John's Hopkins University digital journal. In his online video presentation , which has been watched almost a million times, Mr. Ardic concluded that the manuscript was written in a poetic, rhythmic method called "Phonemic Orthography" which describes speech visually.
Mr. Ardic first noticed the Turkish character “Turqu" seven times in the Voynich manuscript” and he made another convincing observation in the illustration featured in FOLIO 67-R, known as the “astronomy” section. A circle divided into 12 sections suggested to Mr. Ardic that it might be a calendar and each piece may represent one of the 12 lunar months .
Top: Folio 67r displays a circular design with 12 inner sections which are believed to represent the 12 annual lunar months.
To advance his theory, the researcher then replaced the characters detailed within each of the 12 suspected months with modern Turku characters, for example; October is pronounced “Ogzaf" and in the old Turkish dictionary it is spelled “Yuzai.” The word essentially means the season “fall.” The word "Ai" means “two moons”. From these, Mr. Ardic translated the letters of ‘October’ to mean "autumn moon.” Extending this system of interpretation across the ‘moon’ circle, further correspondences were noted, for example: November is written as “Sepel”, which when translated to modern Turkish “Seper Ayi” means "moon of rain.” Furthermore, July translates to "the month of harvest.”
What you have read and seen of the Voynich Manuscript thus far might have already convinced you that it has been successfully deciphered, but this would be a hastily drawn conclusion before taking a closer look at Mr. Ardic’s claims from alternative points of view; an activity which makes it clear that not everybody is buying his ancient Turkish theory.
Screen shot from promotional video showing Mr. Ardic researching a copy of the Voynich Manuscript.
Stand Back… Here Comes the Skeptical Opinion to Ruin Everything
Before we begin, I must make it clear that I am not a trained linguist, but I am an experienced investigator, and in this instance my case book is full of niggling inconsistencies which we will try to rationalize before drawing a conclusion.
Firstly, it is important to remember that Turkish is a very well documented language and the Voynich Manuscript has been studied by professional linguists from all over the world for over 500 years. Mr. Ardic, with all and absolute respect, is an electrical engineer. Any balanced juror would have to agree that the probability is much, much higher that, just like Egyptian hieroglyphics , cuneiform, Mayan, and Linear B , so too would the Voynich Manuscript most likely be decoded by a linguist.
Secondly, if you had just cracked the code of one of the world’s oldest cyphers, the video releasing your amazing findings to the world might begin with a simple table or chart translating the encoded characters into modern letters with a step by step decipherment; letter by letter, word by word, page by page. Contrary to this, one would need to watch the presentation on Ardic’s interpretation of the Voynich Manuscript code five times to really understand the theory. This suggests the researcher possibly found a seed, dug around it until he found a root, then a plant.
Detail of a page in Folio 33-V of the Voynich Manuscript.
I must now slow down a little on my unrelentingly skeptical attitude because Mr. Ardic and supporters of this hypothesis could firmly argue that Yale University made the manuscript public in the first place because not one of the world’s PhD linguists was able to decipher it for over five centuries. What is more, he might refer us to the quite brilliant book Wikinomics by author Don Tapscott, who provides many great examples of outsiders and amateur enthusiasts disrupting existing fields. And speaking personally, if we were to all underestimate the capacity of enthusiasts I wouldn’t even be writing this article! Not to mention, the world is full of highly advanced thinkers without PhDs applying themselves as software engineers, developers, and hackers – and they are running rings around the world’s national security and banking systems.
Mr. Ardic claims to have studied ancient Turkish languages with his son and they were able to pinpoint the Voynich writing style to an ancient phonetic variant. But his findings assume that there is only one language encoded into the manuscript. Why not 2, 5, or 12? That would go a long way to explaining why only a small part of the content can be related to Turkish.
What I find really interesting in all this is that the online amateur research community attributes a selection of different languages to the Voynich manuscript. When these proposed countries of origin are looked at on a map they form an approximate geographical area which might suggest the manuscript was not actually written in northern Italy, as many scholars have argued.
What is more, many researchers see Serbo-Croatian, Ottoman, and Old Turkic - it might be prudent for linguists to take these observations and look closer at Croatian Glagolitic cursive and Angular Glagolitic, which might have in part evolved from Turkic language systems. And then, it must be considered that the Voynich manuscript might be an amalgamation of Glagolitic and Turkic cultures condensing shared botanical, pharmaceutical, astronomical traditions, and craft knowledge.
Whether Mr. Ardic’s findings will stand up to peer review or not will remain to be seen, but there is no part of me that is not inspired by the dedication both he and his son have committed to furthering our understanding of the code within the Voynich Manuscript.
New Lost Ancient Civilizations Documentary 2019 Cities Beneath the Jungles, Deserts and Seas
New Lost Ancient Civilizations Documentary 2019 Cities Beneath the Jungles, Deserts and Seas
There are many ancient mysteries in human history, none capture the attention as much as long lost civilisations that have never been rediscovered.
In a new, never seen before documentary, we will look in deserts, dense jungles and even underwater and prove that ancient cities are just waiting to be found. With the advance of new technology, it is entirely possible that archaeologists will one day make a history changing discovery that will simply defy comprehension, by unearthing a previously unknown civilisation.
Watch eye-opening documentaries by subscribing and of course hit the bell button in the top right to stay informed of our latest releases. Leave a like, comment and of course share far and wide.
Scientists named them Homo floresiensis because their diminutive hominin remains were discovered in a cave on the eastern Indonesian island of Flores. We call them “hobbits” because they remind us of JRR Tolkien’s diminutive Middle-earth characters in The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings. What no one can call them is “explained,” as details on their short span in hominin history is still a mystery. However, some new clues have emerged from the cave they were found as researchers switched from studying the remains of the hobbits to those of rats. Rats?
“Our paper is the first that we know of to use the leg bones of rats in this way to interpret ecological change through time, and it provides new evidence for the local environment during the time of Homo floresiensis.”
Elizabeth Grace Veatch, a PhD candidate at Emory University and co-author of a new study published in the Journal of Human Evolution, explains in a university press release that it really wasn’t hard to decide on studying rats for a while since nearly all of the bones in the Liang Bua cave are from animals and 80% of those are from rats. After identifying 10,000 rat bones, the team classified them into five species, each with different sizes ranging from mouse to (ironically) housecat. Each species was then linked to the type of environment they preferred to live in. they found that the middle-sized Komodomys rintjanus preferred the open open grasslands Flores had 100,000 years ago, while mousy R. hainaldi and the P. armandvillei, better known as the Flores giant rat, preferred the forests of 60,000 years ago. That’s about the time Homo floresiensis, pygmy Stegodons (a cow-sized elephant relative), giant storks, giant vultures and Komodo dragons disappeared from the cave.
An artist’s depiction of Homo floresiensis
“The evidence suggests that Homo floresiensis may have preferred more open habitats where they may have been a part of this scavenging guild of Stegodons, storks, and vultures. We think that when the habitat changed, becoming more forested, Homo floresiensis probably left the Liang Bua area, tracking these animals to more open habitats elsewhere on the island.”
The Scavenging Guild would be a great name for a band, but it doesn’t explain what animals the hobbits and friends were scavenging. One obvious guess would be rats, and Veatch is now giving the rat bones a closer look in hopes of finding teeth marks or cut marks from stone tools. While the Stegadons or the 6-foot-tall giant storks would obviously feed more hobbits, the under-four-foot hominins might have better luck hunting smaller game. To test that theory, Veatch is on the island trying to catch wild Flores rats. Really!
“In Indonesia, my nickname is Miss Tikus, which means ‘Miss Rat’. I’m perfectly fine with that because rats are really intelligent and extraordinary animals. We see them through the entire sequence in the archeology of Liang Bua and we will continue to use them in future studies to learn more about what went on in the cave.”
Whatever killed the hobbits, Stegodons and storks didn’t kill the rats. Perhaps that is the mystery Miss Rat should be trying to solve.
Many ancient Egyptian statues have one common and disturbing trait – they’re missing their nose. And the noses didn’t just get destroyed because they’re so old or because of being buried for so long, it was a deliberate act done by grave robbers.
Edward Bleiberg, who is the Brooklyn Museum curator, said that the destruction of the statues’ noses was done to prevent angry spirits from getting revenge against those who were robbing the graves. So why would the robbers destroy the noses on the statues? The answer is actually quite interesting.
Ancient Egyptians believed that the sculptures were vessels for the people who have passed away and that part of their soul could live in the statue, so that’s why they were put in the graves. Tombs and temples were the locations where the sculptures had the most meaning. “All of them have to do with the economy of offerings to the supernatural,” Bleiberg explained. In tombs, they “feed” the deceased person with food and gifts from this world so that they can enjoy it in the next world. In temples, it is the portrayal of their God accepting offerings from kings or others who were able to get a statue.
Statue with its nose broken off
As for the grave robbers, they would destroy the nose on the statues so that they wouldn’t be able to “breathe” anymore. By doing that, they believed that the spirits that were inside of the sculptures couldn’t seek revenge against those who robbed them.
Several nose-less statues are scheduled to go on display from March 22 to August 11 at the Pulitzer Arts Foundation in St. Louise in an exhibit called Striking Power: Iconoclasm in Ancient Egypt. During the exhibit, Bleiberg will go into further detail on the aggressive behavior conducted by the grave robbers that was “targeted” and usually “driven by political and religious motivations.”
Statue with its nose broken off
The exhibit will also include the legacies of pharaohs Hatshepsut (who reigned from around 1478 to 1458 BC) and Akhenaten (1353 to 1336 BC). The exhibit will display damaged and undamaged pieces from the Hatshepsut and Akhenaten eras. In the description of the exhibit, it says that by doing this, it “will thus show how the deliberate destruction of objects, a practice that continues in our own day, derived at that time from the perception of images not only as a means of representation, but also as containers of powerful spiritual energy.”
Hatshepsut Wearing the khat Headdress, ca. 1479–58 B.C. Courtesy of The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
Akhenaten and His Daughter Offering to the Aten, ca. 1353–36 B.C.E. Courtesy of the Brooklyn Museum.
Since the grave robbers broke the noses off the statues in order to make sure that the spirits didn’t come after them, it’s apparent that they didn’t consider the other potential consequence of their actions – if spirits were in fact living in the sculptures, they would become even more furious that someone destroyed their vessel, causing a much angrier spirit to seek revenge.
This Temple Was Carved Out Of A Single Rock. Nobody Knows How 'The Builders' Made It!
This Temple Was Carved Out Of A Single Rock. Nobody Knows How 'The Builders' Made It!
In what could be the next wonder of the world, archaeologists have recently unearthed a temple that ancients have carved out of a mountain rock. Located in Elora, Maharashtra, India, the temple is known as The Kailasa Temple. Some name it the Kailash. The Kailasa temple is dedicated to the Hindu faith and was ordered to be built by King Krishna I of the Rashtrakuta dynasty inancientIndia.
Archaeologists Baffled By The Kailasa Temple
It forms part of a temple complex of 34 cave temples which were of similar construct.
The Construction
What has boggled and amazed scientists is the construction of the temple. Unlike many temples that were built from ground up, the Kailasa temple was carved out straight from the rock of a mountain. To add further amazement, a staggering 400,000 tonnes of rock were excavated and hauled out. During the construction of the temple.
The temple originated around 8th century A.D, and it is intriguing that technology of the period could have contributed to such a momentous construction task. One may wonder at the scope of the construction and estimate the temple to be completed after many decades or centuries. However, the temple only took less than 18 years to finish, according to scientific estimates.
It was estimated that 60 tonnes of rock were being removed every day during temple's construction phase. The temple workers laboured for 12 hours a day hauling at least 5 tonnes of rock out from the mountain per hour. Scientists still have not fully figured out the constructions methods used in conjunction with the tools available during the period and were left baffled at the scope of the operation.
Architecture
The Kailasa temple is part of a complex of 34 monasteries and temples which span over an area of 2 kilometres. As they were all cut out of the mountainside, they are collectively known as the Elora caves, carved out from a basalt cliff.
The temple has a height of 98 feet, was 109 feet wide, and had a depth of 164 feet. This makes it possibly one of the biggest known structures of its kind on the planet. The entrance of the temple faces the west. What is remarkable about the entrance is the degree of accuracy of its facing, giving it a 270-275 degree on a compass.
A 2 storey gateway adorns the entrance to the temple, which further leads to a U-shaped courtyard. The temple is dedicated to the worship of Lord Vishnu and Lord Shiva, and deities of both lords align the interior of the temple. Three storey arcades line the perimeter of the courtyard and showcase many sculptures and panels of marvellous beauty and design.
Complex and majestic staircases and bridges link the many different areas of the temple together, adding to the splendour of the place.
Built By Extraterrestrials?
As mentioned before, the time when the temple was built and the available technology of the period coupled with the time it took to build and the momentous scope of the construction had left many baffled. The entire feat would be extremely difficult if not impossible to achieve at that time.
However, the video below reveals a theory which may offer an explanation, that extraterrestrials gave a hand in the construction of this temple.
Atlantis in the Sahara? Researcher Claims ‘Ey of Sahara’ is Atlantis’ Ruins
Atlantis in the Sahara? Researcher Claims ‘Eye of Sahara’ is Atlantis’ Ruins
Based on ancient writings by Plato, a striking hypothesis compares the details described by the Greek philosopher with photographs taken by modern satellites.
“…For it is related in our records how once upon a time your State stayed the course of a mighty host, which, starting from a distant point in the Atlantic Ocean, was insolently advancing to attack the whole of Europe, and Asia to boot. For the ocean there was at that time navigable; for in front of the mouth which you Greeks call, as you say, ‘the pillars of Heracles,’ there lay an island which was larger than Libya and Asia together; and it was possible for the travelers of that time to cross from it to the other islands, and from the islands to the whole of the continent over against them which encompasses that veritable ocean. For all that we have here, lying within the mouth of which we speak, is evidently a haven having a narrow entrance; but that yonder is a real ocean, and the land surrounding it may most rightly be called, in the fullest and truest sense, a continent. Now in this island of Atlantis there existed a confederation of kings, of great and marvelous power, which held sway over all the island, and over many other islands also and parts of the continent.”
The Richat Structure. Image Credit: Bright Insight / YouTube.
In Critias, Plato wrote how some 9,000 years before our lifetime, a terrifying war took place between cavillations located outside the Pillars of Hercules at the Strait of Gibraltar and those who dwelt within them.
Plato explains in his work that the mighty Atlanteans had already conquered great parts of Libya within the Pillars of Hercules, venturing inland as far as Egypt. In Europe, they conquered lands as far as Tyrrhenia—Etruria, a region of Central Italy, located in an area that covered part of what are now Tuscany, Lazio, and Umbria—subjecting its people into slavery along the way.
For centuries has the story of Atlantis been discussed among philosophers, historians, and archaeologists, and countless researchers set out to find the legendary lost city of Atlantis.
However, despite searching for evidence that may prove Atlantis once existed, no one has ever found conclusive evidence to back up Plato’s claims.
Nevertheless, a number of authors have suggested various locations as to where Atlantis may be located, and in modern times, thanks to tools such as Google Earth, UFO hunters as well as self-proclaimed researchers have discovered what they believe are traces of the long-lost Atlantean civilization.
Now, a YouTuber called Jimmy Bright proposes an original theory: that the mythical Atlantis was located in the Sahara Desert. Bright explains his theory in a video uploaded to YouTube which has already been viewed more than 2 million times.
According to Bright, and his hypothesis, the geological structure of Richat – also known as “the Eye of the Sahara” and located in the northwest part of the continent – could be the place where the mysterious city was located.
The blogger bases his theory on texts that describe Atlantis written by Plato.
According to Bright, the Eye of the Sahara perfectly fits into the description by Plato written in Critias and Timaeus.
According to Bright, the diameter of the Richat Structure is 23 kilometers which curiously corresponds to the description of Atlantis by Plato.
A Satellite view of the Eye of the Sahara. Image Credit: Bright Insight / YouTube.
Likewise, Richat’s form is very similar to that of Atlantis, which, as he relates, was composed of three concentric circles of earth and three concentric circles of water.
To support his hypothesis, Bright explains that Plato described that the city of Atlantis was surrounded by mountains and “protected from the north.”
From this data, the YouTuber explains that these alleged mountains are located north of the Eye of the Sahara. He also notices traces in the surrounding terrain of what he believes is evidence of ancient dry rivers.
An artists rendering of what Atlantis may have looked like in the past.
Another clue which Plato wrote about was that of the country or territory that surrounded that city of Atlantis.
According to the Greek philosopher, Atlantis was located on a “flat and smooth plain”, a detail that curiously corresponds to the Sahara Desert, according to the YouTuber.
A good number of YouTubers, amazed by this theory, highlights that there are many coincidences between Plato’s description of Atlantis and Richat’s Structure.
Others, however, point out that it is only a misinterpretation of ancient texts, and that there are many ambiguities in the logic of the proposed theory.
The academic community, for its part, showed no interest in such revelations.
In fact, modern scholars are convinced that Plato’s Atlantis was not real and that a world-power that existed some 9,000 years ago before our time, “beyond the Pillars of Hercules” is nothing more than pseudoscientific speculation
Video – Was Baalbek – Lebanon, a landing pad for 10,000 years old aircrafts?
Video – Was Baalbek – Lebanon, a landing pad for 10,000 years old aircrafts?
The history of settlement in the area of Baalbek dates back about 9,000 years, with almost continual settlement of the tell under the Temple of Jupiter, which was a temple since the pre-Hellenistic era.
One of America’s most mysterious archaeological sites is finally being returned to its rightful owners after 200 years. In the small town of Franklin, North Carolina, a small mound of earth can be found alongside US Highway 441. The grassy mound today stands just just a dozen or so feet high (4 meters) and occupies the space of roughly a city block. While the mound may be easily overlooked by the untrained eye, it remains one of the most unknown structures in the United States and predates even the oldest known oral histories of indigenous American peoples. Who built the Nikwasi Mound?
The mound today. US 441 can be seen in the right of this image.
When the earliest European settlers encountered the Cherokee nation in what is now Western North Carolina, they inquired about the mound. Cherokee tribal elders told the explorers that the mound predates their tribe’s history and was already ancient when the Cherokee arrived. The original builders of the mound remain unknown, and it is believed the mound was once part of a sprawling tribal town which thrived around 1,000 CE. Despite the mystery surrounding the Nikwasi Mound, the Cherokee people have revered the mound as a spiritual and ceremonial place for centuries and consider it to be one of the last known structures built by their mysterious predecessors.
The Eastern Band of the Cherokee Indians (EBCI) has worked for years to reclaim ownership of the mound and are finally poised to regain it. The Franklin City Council will soon vote to pass control of the mound to the nonprofit Nikwasi Initiative in the next few months, and the votes are expected to go in favor of the EBCI. “What this will do is allow the Cherokees — finally, after 200 years — to have some representation in the management of the mound,” Franklin Vice Mayor Barbara McRae told council members before the vote. “We have an opportunity to do something really historic, and to reverse that wrong.”
Main Street, Franklin NC. Make sure to check out Lazy Hiker Brewing if you’re ever in the area.
While it’s unknown who exactly built the Nikwasi Mound, it is believed that the Southern Appalachian Mississippians likely constructed it at some point nearly a thousand years ago. The Mississippian people were the predecessors to modern American Indian nations and inhabited what is now the eastern United States from the 9th century to the 15th century before European colonization.
Climate change at the end of the Little Ice Age, deforestation and overhunting, and the ensuing cultural collapse eventually brought about the decline of the Mississippian culture and the subsequent development of the Native American Indian nations and culture we know today. Because the Mississippian people left behind no writing system, little is known about this ancient culture outside of archaeological artifacts, mounds like the Nikwasi Mound, and the oral histories passed down through indigenous peoples for centuries.
The Nikwasi Mound is believed to have once been the site of a townhouse which served as the seat of Cherokee tribes in the area.
Because of its sacred status, the Nikwasi Mound has never been excavated, and the Cherokee people request that no one even climb on it in order to preserve it. Who knows what mysteries lie in the earth of the mound? Luckily, we may never know. Some mysteries are worth preserving.
A very rare piece of rock art dating back 12,250 years old depicts odd carvings not typical for that time during the Paleolithic Period. In fact, it has several oddities that make it quite different from other Late Upper Paleolithic art pieces. This rock in particular featured carvings of birds rather than deer, goats, and bison that were normally seen in drawings. The fact that rock is portable is also quite rare.
In addition to the birds drawn on the rock, it appears to show an actual scene instead of just individual figures of animals and/or humans. That would mean that it’s one of the earliest forms of narrative art ever discovered in Europe.
The limestone art piece, which measures 11.8 inches wide, was found at the Hort de la Bequera archaeological site in Spain in 2011. And it’s the only piece of its kind to have been discovered at the site even though they’ve been excavating that location for fourteen years.
Ancient carving from the Paleolithic Period (not the one discussed in this article)
Whoever created the art piece used a flint tool to engrave the lines into the soft limestone and the artist was very neat as there were no messy stroke marks which had been previously found in other art pieces from that time. There are five images engraved onto the rock: two humans, one large bird (probably a crane), and a chick. As for the fifth motif, there is a strange image close to the second human-like figure that can’t be identified. You can see pictures of this fascinating rock art by clicking here.
Photorealistic 3D model with 2D digital drawings superimposed.
Image: Ine´s Domingo et al., 2019
Image: University of Barcelona
In addition to the great, well-preserved condition the rock was in, researchers also created a 3D digital model of the art piece. While it’s hard to say for sure what the image represents, it is believed that it’s in reference to hunting and motherhood.
Inés Domingo from the University of Barcelona, and who is the lead author of the new study, described the rock art in a press release, saying in part, “This is one of the few found scenes so far which suggest the birth of a narrative art in Europe, and this theme is unique… In the represented scene the birds catch the attention, they are copied or chased by two human figures. We do not know the meaning of the scene for prehistoric peoples, but what it says is that not only they [the birds] were regarded as preys but also as a symbol for European Paleolithic societies.”
Ancient rock art (not the one discussed in this article)
The details of this discovery were published in the science journal L’Anthropologie which can be read here.
The art piece indicates that the artists during that time were a lot more sophisticated than previously thought, as they were able to create stories on rocks for people to find and admire thousands of years later. Now that’s remarkable.
Antarctic Mountain Rumoured to be 'Earth's Oldest Pyramid' Built By Aliens
Antarctic Mountain Rumoured to be 'Earth's Oldest Pyramid' Built By Aliens
While adherents of the “alien builders” theory speculated that the Antarctic peak might be some kind of “master pyramid” or even a node in an energy-generating network of pyramids spanning the globe, at least one geologist proposed a much more mundane explanation.
While some conspiracy theorists and UFO hunters explore theories about aliens building pyramids in ancient Egypt and Mesoamerica, others now claim that the oldest pyramids in existence may have been erected by extraterrestrials amid the frozen wastes of Antarctica, the Daily Express reports citing the History Channel’s Ancient Aliens TV show.
As the newspaper notes, one Antarctic geological feature in particular draws the attention of conspiracy theorists: a "pyramid-like structure" located near the Shackleton mountain range, whose "four steep sides" make it look somewhat like the Great Pyramid of Giza.
David Childress, an American author and the owner of Adventures Unlimited Press, even speculated that this so called "Shackleton pyramid" might be "the oldest of its kind" on the planet.
"If this gigantic pyramid in Antarctica is an artificial structure, it would probably be the oldest pyramid on the planet and in fact it might be the master pyramid that all the other pyramids on planet Earth were designed to look like," he said.
Dr Michael Salla, an ET research expert and author of the "Exopolitics: Political Implications of the Extraterrestrial Presence", even ventured a guess that this rocky formation may be merely one node in a "global network of power-generating pyramids strategically places around Earth".
"One of the theories is that pyramids are power generators and so, if you have these pyramids strategically placed around the world generating a charge, it’s possible to create a general standing wave around the world that is a wireless transmission of energy," he noted.
However, Dr Mitch Darcy, a geologist at the German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam, offered a much less exciting explanation, arguing that the “pyramid” in question is merely a nunatak – an exposed rocky peak or element of a ridge, some of which can be natural pyramidal peaks.
"The peaks are clearly composed of rock, and it’s a coincidence that this particular peak has that shape. It’s not a complicated shape, so it’s not a special coincidence either. By definition, it is a nunatak, which is simply a peak of rock sticking out above a glacier or an ice sheet. This one has the shape of a pyramid, but that doesn’t make it a human construction," he said.
Egypt REVELATION: Great Pyramid of Giza's ‘correlation to Orion PROVED'
Egypt REVELATION: Great Pyramid of Giza's ‘correlation to Orion PROVED'
EGYPT’s Great Pyramid is at the centre of a pseudo-scientific hypothesis that shows the Giza-Orion correlation theory is accurate, the "New Egyptologist" has claimed.
Conventional archeology tells us the great pyramids at Giza were built as tombs for the pharaohs of ancient Egypt. Constructed during the Old Kingdom’s fourth dynasty 4500 years ago, the monuments have been shrouded in mystery for millennia. Built with incredible accuracy and containing many puzzling features, the true purpose of the pyramids has inspired endless speculation.
In the 1980s, an extraordinary theory emerged that attempted to explain why the pyramids were built with such accuracy.
The theory claims there is a correlation between the position of the three largest pyramids at Giza and the three stars comprising the belt in the constellation of Orion.
It is thus claimed that there is a purposive relationship between the pyramids of the 4th Dynasty on the Giza Plateau and the alignment of three stars comprising, which is commonly referred to as Orion’s belt.
The theory, originally proposed by the "New Egyptologist" Robert Bauval in 1983, noted how the smallest of the three pyramids at Giza – The Pyramid of Menkaure, was offset slightly from the other two.
Great Pyramid Giza's ‘correlation to Orion PROVED’
(Image: Getty)
Publishing his findings in a book in 1994, "The Orion Mystery: Unlocking the Secrets of the Pyramids", Mr Bauval said the similarity between this and the offset in the third star of Orion’s Belt.
Mr Bauval overlaid the stars of Orion over an aerial view of the pyramids and was astonished to discover they matched almost exactly.
He said: “It substantiated my theory that the three pyramids of Giza were symbols of Orion’s Belt.
“My next step was to find further visual evidence. I had a good photograph of the three stars of Orion’s Belt and was able to place it against the aerial shot of the three Giza pyramids.
“The correlation was stunning. Not only did the layout of the pyramids match the stars with uncanny precision but the intensity of the stars, shown by their apparent size, corresponded with the Giza group.
A correlation between the position of the three largest pyramids at Giza and the three stars
(Image: Getty)
“There were three stars, three pyramids, three Osiris-Orion kings."
Not only did the three pyramids match Orion’s Belt, Mr Bauval argued that the Great Sphinx mirrored the constellation of Leo, and the monument’s alignments to the Nile matched the stars positions relative to the Milky Way.
Using astronomical computer programs, Mr Bauval dialled back the skies over Giza to the supposed date of the construction of the Pyramids – 2500BC. Disappointingly they could find no match.
But 2500BC was during the astronomical Age of Taurus – represented by a bull.
Dialling the starfields back thousands of years, Robert Bauval was able to find an amazing match — in 10500BC, whilst the pyramids matched Orion's belt, the Sphinx was looking directly at the constellation of Leo.
10500BC marked the dawning of the Age of Leo and, even more astonishingly, the date the pyramids and Sphinx’s position relative to the nearby River Nile matched Orion and Leo’s position relative to the Milky Way.
Great Sphinx Riddle: Evidence of HIDDEN DOOR Beneath Legendary Monument Revealed
Great Sphinx Riddle: Evidence of HIDDEN DOOR Beneath Legendary Monument Revealed
According to the historian, there is something hidden underneath the Great Sphinx, and an ancient stele that was removed from there in the 19th century may help solve this mystery.
Matt Sibson, an historian and the person behind the “Ancient Architects” YouTube channel, has announced a surprising discovery which may hint at an ancient mystery related to one of the most famous monuments of Ancient Egypt – the Great Sphinx of Giza.
As Sibson explained, there were originally three stelae located in front of the Sphinx: the Dream Stela, built by King Thutmose between 1479BC and 1425BC, which still remains at the site; and two more stelae that were created by Ramesses the Great over two centuries later, which ended up being taken to The Louvre museum in Paris in the 19th century and “little has been spoken about them since”.
And after coming across an image of one of the two missing stelae, in a book penned by explorer Howard Vyce in 1837, Sibson made a surprising discovery.
"There’s a Sphinx on the top of a platform, with Rameses the Great next to it and giving an offering. The Sphinx is sitting on top of what looks like a doorway. On the Dream Stele, there is also a doorway beneath the Sphinx which backs it up," he told the Daily Star.
He also noted that Howard claimed in his book that “excavators found a doorway under the Sphinx, which could have pointed to a cavity underneath it”, adding, however, that the book only shows one of the stelae in detail.
"What does the other one show? It needs to be re-analysed and brought back to life. It could shed more light on the doorway," Sibson said. "I think there is something underneath there, there are loads lots of tunnels under the Giza plateau".
Dozens of Weird Mummies Were Found in a Tomb near Pyramids.
Dozens of Weird Mummies Were Found in a Tomb near Pyramids.
SAQQARA, Egypt (Reuters) – Archaeologists in Egypt said on Saturday they had discovered a rare collection of mummified scarab beetles, as well as an apparently pristine Fifth Dynasty tomb that they plan to open in the coming weeks.
The mummified beetles were among artifacts found in seven tombs discovered over the past six months on the edge of the King Userkaf pyramid complex at the ancient necropolis of Saqqara, south of Cairo.
As they were preparing the site to present the latest discoveries, archaeologists found the door of another tomb that remains sealed, Mostafa Waziri, secretary-general of Egypt’s Supreme Council of Antiquities, told reporters.
The tomb dates from the Fifth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom and is unusual because the facade and door are intact, meaning its contents may still be untouched, said Mohamed Youssef, director of the Saqqara area. He said experts plan to open the tomb in the coming weeks.
The Fifth Dynasty ruled Egypt from about 2,500 BC to 2,350 BC, not long after the great pyramid of Giza was built.
The tombs lie in a buried ridge that has only partially been uncovered and could offer many more similar discoveries, Waziri said. Excavations in the area had halted in 2013 before resuming earlier this year.
Saqqara served as the necropolis for Memphis, the capital of ancient Egypt for more than two millennia.
Ancient Egyptians mummified humans to preserve their bodies for the afterlife, while animal mummies were used as religious offerings.
Two large scarabs wrapped in linen and in very good condition were found inside a limestone sarcophagus with a vaulted, decorated lid, the antiquities ministry said in a statement.
Another collection of scarab mummies was found inside a smaller sarcophagus.
The mummified beetles were among artifacts found in seven tombs discovered over the past six months on the edge of the King Userkaf pyramid complex at the ancient necropolis of Saqqara, south of Cairo.
As they were preparing the site to present the latest discoveries, archaeologists found the door of another tomb that remains sealed, Mostafa Waziri, secretary-general of Egypt’s Supreme Council of Antiquities, told reporters.
The tomb dates from the Fifth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom and is unusual because the facade and door are intact, meaning its contents may still be untouched, said Mohamed Youssef, director of the Saqqara area. He said experts plan to open the tomb in the coming weeks.
The Fifth Dynasty ruled Egypt from about 2,500 BC to 2,350 BC, not long after the great pyramid of Giza was built.
The tombs lie in a buried ridge that has only partially been uncovered and could offer many more similar discoveries, Waziri said. Excavations in the area had halted in 2013 before resuming earlier this year.
Saqqara served as the necropolis for Memphis, the capital of ancient Egypt for more than two millennia.
Ancient Egyptians mummified humans to preserve their bodies for the afterlife, while animal mummies were used as religious offerings.
Two large scarabs wrapped in linen and in very good condition were found inside a limestone sarcophagus with a vaulted, decorated lid, the antiquities ministry said in a statement.
Another collection of scarab mummies was found inside a smaller sarcophagus.
Archaeologists working at a site in Peru have uncovered a horrifying mass sacrifice, with over 140 children and over 200 llamas being slaughtered in a ritual. This is the largest known sacrifice of children (and llamas) in the Americas — if not in the entire world.
Image credits: John Verano.
A horrifying sacrifice
Archaeologist Gabriel Prieto was excavating an old temple near the seaside in Peru when he got word of an unusual occurrence: coastal erosion was uncovering human remains nearby. They spent the next few years excavating and preserving this site, and when Prieto and colleagues were finished, they had uncovered more than 140 sets of child remains and 200 juvenile llamas.
All these lives were sacrificed in one single event, explained John Verano, who also worked at the site and is an author of the new study. In an email to ZME Science, he explained that no child graves cut into or disturb others, so it seems like they were all buried at once. The way there were buried is also indicative of a sacrifice.
The children, aged 5 to 15, were generally buried facing west, towards the sea, whereas the llamas were buried towards the Andes mountains in the east. Three additional sets of remains (a man and two women) were found in close proximity, carrying signs of blunt-force trauma to the head. Researchers suspect that they probably played a role in the sacrifice and were dispatched quickly after.
Cut marks transecting the sternums and bone displacement suggests that both the children and the llamas have suffered a similar fate: they had their chests cut open and pulled apart, possibly followed by the ritual removal of the heart.
Unwilling victims
Excavations at the site.
Image credits: John Verano.
“The discovery was a surprise, and of course it kept growing in size,” Verano told ZME Science. “We had not seen anything like this before, and there was no suggestion from ethnohistoric sources or historic accounts of child or camelid sacrifices being made on such a scale in northern coastal Peru.”
In addition to the remains, which were well-preserved by a dried mud layer covering the sand dune, archaeologists also discovered a myriad of footprints, belonging to sandaled adults, dogs, barefoot children, and young llamas. Deep skid marks illustrate that the llamas tried to resist being dragged to the sacrificial site and were forcibly pushed.
Judging by the footprints, it seems that the children and llamas were led to the site from both the north and the south. Some were brought from far away, as indicated by the cranial modification exhibited by some of the children, a process which was practiced They were sacrificed systematically, by someone who was well-versed in this sort of ritual: the cut marks are clear, indicating no hesitation.
Most of the children and llamas were buried, but some of them were simply left out in the wet mud.
Appeasing the gods
The authors of this grisly ritual belong to the Chimú culture. The sacrifice site, called Huanchaquito-Las Llamas, lies just half a mile away from Chan-Chan, the former administrative center of the Chimú. At their peak, the Chimú controlled an empire: a 600-mile-long territory along the Pacific coast, extending into valleys and areas close to today’s Peru-Ecuador border. They developed a thriving culture from about 900 AD and on the continent, were second only to the Inca empire, which conquered them in 1470, fifty years before the arrival of the Spanish in the region. Radiocarbon dating indicates that the sacrifice was carried out around 1450 AD, at the peak of their power, right before they started a losing war with the Inca.
Of course, the question of why is painfully present. What would motivate the Chimú to do such a thing?
Human sacrifices have emerged in one form or another all around the world — though they do seem to be more prevalent in South America than most other areas. The common theme around these sacrifices is appeasing the gods. Whether it’s to negotiate favor from them or improve environmental conditions, people sacrifice what they hold dear to get something else that they want. In this case, the telling clues might be in the mud layer in which the children and llamas were buried in.
The layer is probably the result of severe rain and flooding, which would have been a rare occurrence in a largely arid landscape. These events were probably associated with El-Niño— the warming of the sea’s surface that occurs every few years, especially in the equatorial Pacific area.
“The site has evidence if flooding indicating heavy rainfall that only occurs during sporadic El Niño events, so this is possibly the reason to make such a huge offering,” says Verano.
The flooding would have probably disrupted the agricultural systems, while in the seas, El Niño would have disrupted important fisheries. The Chimú were potentially faced with famine, and researchers believe this was the driving cause for the sacrifice.
Unbeknownst to them, however, the Chimú would crumble under the Inca attacks just decades later. It’s unclear if these weather events led to their demise, but even if they would have survived the war with the Incas, the Spanish arrival was also just decades away, and this event would alter the fate of South American culture in an unprecedented way — one way or another, the Chimú demise was bound to happen.
But while their culture came to an end, for archaeologists, this is only the beginning. Verano says he has dug so many sacrifices in Peru that he almost got used to it. But one can only wonder how many more such sites still remain uncovered in Peru and in the world.
“This site opens a new chapter on the practice of child sacrifice in the ancient world,” Verano concludes.
Journal Reference: Prieto G, Verano JW, Goepfert N, Kennett D, Quilter J, LeBlanc S, et al. (2019) A mass sacrifice of children and camelids at the Huanchaquito-Las Llamas site, Moche Valley, Peru. PLoS ONE 14(3): e0211691. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211691
SECRETS OF THE DEPT... WHAT DID HAPPENED REAL IN THE PAST?
SECRETS OF THE DEPT... WHAT DID HAPPENED REAL IN THE PAST?
VIDEOS, selected by peter2011
1. Secrets of the Deep - Ancient Underwater Cities
Secrets of the Deep - Underwater Cities (Bimini Road and Yonaguni)
It is the stuff of lore and legend. Cities swept into the sea. Civilizations lost beneath the waves. But are these more than just myths? Are there really sunken cities and ruins that need to be discovered?
The Bimini Road, sometimes called the Bimini Wall, is an underwater rock formation near North Bimini island in the Bahamas. The Road consists of a 0.8 km (0.50 mi)-long northeast-southwest linear feature composed of roughly rectangular to subrectangular limestone blocks. Various claims have been made for this feature being either a wall, road, pier, breakwater, or other man-made structure.
The Yonaguni Monument, also known as "Yonaguni (Island) Submarine Ruins" is a submerged rock formation off the coast of Yonaguni, the southernmost of the Ryukyu Islands, in Japan.
Masaaki Kimura, Professor Emeritus from the Faculty of Science at the University of the Ryukyus claims that the formations are man-made stepped monoliths. His ideas are disputed and there is debate about whether the site is completely natural, a natural site that has been modified or a man-made artifact. Neither the Japanese Agency for Cultural Affairs, nor the government of Okinawa Prefecture recognize the features as important cultural artifacts and neither government agency has carried out research or preservation work on the site.
2. Underwater Discoveries That Will Make Your Jaw Drop!
3. Ten Amazing Underwater Cities That Will Blow Your Mind
4. This City Exists Or Not ? Even Scientists Are Scratching Their Head On This Question.
This city exists or not ?? Even scientists are scratching their head on this question. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Under the Antarctica. The endless search now made the researchers go to the depths of the South Pole. Recently, with the help of imaging technology scientists started to discover the depths of Antarctica. The landmass has been explored to a depth of half a mile by the researchers from Université libre de Bruxelles in Brussels, Belgium. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- A structure similar to the Eiffel Tower .On exploring the depths, one of the structures found was resembling the height of Eiffel Tower with a height of 300 meters. According to a documentary by National Geographic channel, the water conduits and sediment ridges found under the South Pole tell about the stability the surface gets. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= The Piri Reis map in the 1960s. The idea of Atlantis city under the Antarctica has surfaced earlier also in the 1960's and 70s. At the time, according to the Piri Reis map humans must have been living there. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Created by Turkish admiral. The map's name was actually kept in the name of a Turkish admiral and cartographer who made the map with the help of scholars and discovered many places through the same. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Discovered Antarctica before 1818. Antarctica situated at the South Pole was discovered in the year 1818, but according to The Epoch Times, the Reis map showed Antarctica hundreds of years back before its discovery. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Plato mentioned it first. As per the legends, Plato was the first person to come up with the idea of Atlantis city. It was cited in his dialogues, namely 'Timaeus' and the 'Critias' written around 330 B.C. as per Live Science. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Then Ignatius L. Donnelly. For two millennials after that, it did not occur to anyone about the long lost Atlantis until when the writer, Ignatius Donnelly again came up with it in the year 1881. He also believed that metallurgy, agriculture, religion, and language came from the city of Atlantis. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= And the US researchers believed this. In the year 2011, it was a team of the US researchers who believed that the legendary city was found on the mud flats of Spain in Cadiz. According to them, the city is submerged right under the north Cadiz which was swamped due to a tsunami. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
60 miles of impossibility. The team of researchers was led by the professor of University of Hartford, Connecticut - Richard Freund, who said, "It is just so hard to understand that it (tsunami) can wipe out 60 miles inland, and that's pretty much what we're talking about." =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Richard Freund claims... According to what Plato described Atlantis 2600 years ago as 'an island situated in front of the straits called the Pillars of Hercules', in 2011 Richard claimed that, "We found something that no one else has ever seen before, which gives it a layer of credibility, especially for archaeology, that makes a lot more sense." =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Tsunami Prone. Freund added that it is no surprise because the area is tsunami prone. The largest of all hit Lisbon in November 1755 with a 10-story tidal wave. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= The Old Testament theory. There was a time around 5000 BC when people actually used to believe Atlantis to be a myth. It was believed that it was inspired from the Black Sea Floods; a flood story of the Old Testament. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= The land of superpowers. With the number of misconceptions earlier, it was also believed that one could possess superpowers if Atlantis City is discovered. Well, we don't see any superpowers today so maybe if you find it, then you can have those powers. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Relation with the Minoan Civilization. Another theory of Plato only suggests that the Crete and Thera islands were earlier the city of Atlantis. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= The truth? Still debatable. Whether it was mid-Atlantic continent which sunk, Antarctica only, the outcome of Black Sea floods, or the Minoan civilization; nothing has been proved yet.
5. 7 Mysterious UNDERWATER Cities
7 Submerged Cities and Settlements
From mysterious building found at the bottom of a lake left for centuries to cities which were only previously thought to exist in the realms of fantasy to a...Russian Atlantis these are 7 Underwater Cities.
Audio production provided by JaM Advertising www.tasteofjam.com
Fuxian Lake is a 212sq km body of water which stretches over three separate counties in southwest China, and for centuries locals who lived on its shores told of the strange sights they had witnessed within its waters.
For centuries many believed the ancient city of Heracleion was a myth, consigned to the realms of fantasy along with Atlantis, Valhalla, and wherever the little Mermaid lived. Heracleion was mentioned in the works of the Greek historian Herodotus as somewhere visited by Helen of Troy, but in Greek mythology she was the daughter of Zeus, so this didn’t really help lend the city an air of credibility.
Whilst some of the cities on this list were mysteriously lost to the ocean deep, we know exactly what happened to the Chinese city of Shicheng – the government flooded it on purpose in 1959.
At nearly 5000 years old the city of Pavlopetri is the oldest underwater settlement humanity has ever discovered, and after sinking sometime around 1000BC these aquatic ruins provide a fascinating snapshot into stone-age life.
Phanagoria was a huge Greek city located in modern-day Russia’s Krasnodar Krai region, and whilst some of its ruins can be found on land, approximately a third can be found at the bottom of the Black Sea.
An old Welsh legend tells the story of a legendary 6th Century Prince known as Helip ap Glanawg whose kingdom straddled much of modern-day North Wales. The tales mention how Helip had a giant palace built in the area today known as Conwy Bay, but it was destroyed after a storm struck the area and it became flooded by the sea, completely submerging both the palace and surrounding city.
Remember how we said Pavlopetri was the oldest known underwater city? Well technically it still is, but only because archaeologists are still arguing over the age of another submerged city found in India’s Gulf of Cambay.
6. Most Amazing Cities Found UNDERWATER!
Here is the top list of mysterious sunken underwater cities in the world found underwater! These strange and mindblowing but also amazing forgotten ancient underwater ruins are located deep into the ocean. Check out Alexandria, City of Cuba, Yonaguni, Lake Titicaca, Pavlopetri, Lion City, Heracleion and more underwater cities!
7. 5 Lost Underwater Cities of the Ancient World
We’ve all heard of the legend of Atlantis – the once great city, submerged under water, unseen yet compelling. But unlike this fictional island there are several real lost cities buried under layers of water waiting to be discovered. Today we bring you top 5 lost underwater cities of the ancient world that were once lost in time but has been discovered and are being explored.
Bible Proves Long-Lost City of Atlantis is in Israel, Researcher Claims
Bible Proves Long-Lost City of Atlantis is in Israel, Researcher Claims
A Biblical researcher and writer believes the sunken city of Atlantis never disappeared, and that its remains can still be found in the Holy Land.
Ryan Pitterson, a researcher and writer who focuses on ancient Hebrew thought and theology, claims that there are certain links between Plato’s tale of the lost city of Atlantis and the stories of Biblical giants known as the Nephilim.
The Nephilim were the offspring of the “sons of God” and the “daughters of men”, meaning they were half-human, half-angelic creatures. Atlantis, described by ancient Greek philosopher Plato in around 350BC, was a mythical island that sunk somewhere in the Mediterranean Sea or the Atlantic Ocean after suffering a devastating natural disaster.
Speaking on American radio, Pitterson said the story of the Nephalim matches the tale of the Greek god Poseidon, who was said to have fathered children with a human woman in Atlantis.
The researcher, who wrote the book “Judgement of the Nephilim”, is convinced that Plato's description of Atlantis matches biblical records of the mysterious Israeli stone structure, Galgal Refaim (“wheel of ghosts”) or Gilgal Refaim (“circle of giants” in reference to a biblical race of giants) in Hebrew.
"One example that really stood out for me is Plato's description of Atlantis. It's almost remarkable how similar it is to Ezekiel 31, which describes the rise of this fallen angel spawning many children and having a kingdom with an abundance of resources and rivers as well as a military power and then having it crumble. In Plato's account, it was the Greek god Poseidon who fell in love with a human woman and impregnated her”, he said on US radio.
Built in concentric circles, Gilgal Refaim is believed to date from around 3000 BCE and is commonly called “The Stonehenge of the Middles East”. Plato’s Atlantis was also said to have been built outwards in concentric circles with water running through the city.
“So right from the onset, it was a god coming to an Earthly realm and conceiving a child with a human woman in the same fashion of Genesis 6. Atlantis is described as having all sorts of great minerals — gold, precious minerals — and in a biblical account in Genesis 2, we're told the rivers that ran out of the Garden of Eden encompassed the whole line of Avila", Pitterson explained.
Archaeologists discover 1,000-year-old 'untouched' Maya ritual site containing hundreds of ceramic vessels, burnt offerings, and fragments of bone in Mexican cave
Archaeologists discover 1,000-year-old 'untouched' Maya ritual site containing hundreds of ceramic vessels, burnt offerings, and fragments of bone in Mexican cave
The ritual cave was discovered at the ruins of the ancient Maya city Chichen Itza, on the Yucatan Peninsula
There they found about 200 ceramic vessels left as offerings, containing bone fragments and burnt materials
The team says the cave likely had been discovered, but not fully explored, by locals about 50 years earlier
Archaeologists have stumbled upon an 'untouched' ritual cave onMexico's Yucatán Peninsula that could hold the key to unraveling the fall of the Maya Empire.
At the ruins of the ancient city Chichen Itza, the team found roughly 200 ceramic vessels left as offerings more than 1,000 years ago.
And remarkably, it seems they've remained undisturbed since.
The National Institute of Anthropology and History said the vessels appear to date back to around A.D. 1000 and contain bone fragments and burnt offering materials that are being analyzed.
Archaeologist Guillermo de Anda stands next to pre-columbian artifacts in a cave at the Mayan ruins of Chichen Itza, Yucatan, Mexico. Mexican archaeologists say they have found offerings of about 200 ceramic vessels in nearly untouched condition. The National Institute of Anthropology and History says the vessels appear to date back to around 1,000 A.D
Archaeologist Guillermo de Anda said exploration of the cave began in 2018 after local Maya residents told experts about it.
It turned out the cave had been discovered, but apparently not fully explored, by locals about 50 years earlier.
They told an archaeologist about it then, but he ordered it sealed - perhaps to protect it - and only issued a brief report that was essentially forgotten in government archives.
The 155 ceramic braziers and incense burners found by the experts bear the likeness of Tlaloc, the rain god of central Mexico.
The Mayas also had their own rain god, Chaac, and may have imported Tlaloc from other pre-Hispanic cultures.
There were also clay boxes and other vessels. The team plans to leave all the objects in the cave.
Archaeologists have stumbled upon an 'untouched' ritual cave on Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula that could hold the key to unraveling the fall of the Maya Empire. Above, pre-columbian artifacts sit in a cave at the Mayan ruins of Chichen Itza
Archaeologist Guillermo de Anda said exploration of the cave began in 2018 after local Maya residents told experts about it. It turned out the cave had been discovered, but apparently not fully explored, by locals about 50 years earlier
De Anda said ancient Mayas had to crawl on their bellies through the extremely narrow cave to deposit the offerings inside a few larger, higher chambers. The offerings were apparently meant to ask for rain.
The cave, called Balamku, is about 1.7 miles (2.75 kilometers) east of the main pyramid of Kukulkan, also known as El Castillo, 'The Castle.'
De Anda and his team are exploring Chichen Itza to establish the routes and sites of its underground water system.
A series of sinkhole lakes known as cenotes are visible on the surface of the Chichen Itza site, but there are other, undiscovered water sites beneath the pyramids, patios and temples.
The 155 ceramic braziers and incense burners found by the experts bear the likeness of Tlaloc, the rain god of central Mexico. The Mayas also had their own rain god, Chaac, and may have imported Tlaloc from other pre-Hispanic cultures
The National Institute of Anthropology and History said the vessels appear to date back to around A.D. 1000 and contain bone fragments and burnt offering materials that are being analyzed
Water was always central to Chichen Itza, whose very name means 'at the mouth of the well of the Water Wizards' in Maya.
De Anda said experts have crawled a few hundred meters (yards) into the cave, which in places is just 16 inches (40 centimeters) tall, in hopes of finding the connection to a cenote cave believed to lie under the pyramid of Kukulkan.
'Let's hope this leads us there,' De Anda said.
'That is part of the reason why we are entering these sites, to find a connection to the cenote under the Castillo.'
WHAT CAUSED THE COLLAPSE OF THE MAYAN CIVILISATION?
For hundreds of years the Mayans dominated large parts of the Americas until, mysteriously in the 8th and 9th century AD, a large chunk of the Mayan civilisation collapsed.
The reason for this collapse has been hotly debated, but now scientists say they might have an answer - an intense drought that lasted a century.
Studies of sediments in the Great Blue Hole in Belize suggest a lack of rains caused the disintegration of the Mayan civilisation, and a second dry spell forced them to relocate elsewhere.
The theory that a drought led to a decline of the Mayan Classic Period is not entirely new, but the new study co-authored by Dr André Droxler from Rice University in Texas provides fresh evidence for the claims.
The Maya who built Chichen Itza came to dominate the Yucatan Peninsula in southeast Mexico, shown above, for hundreds of years before dissappearing mysteriously in the 8th and 9th century AD
Dozens of theories have attempted to explain the Classic Maya Collapse, from epidemic diseases to foreign invasion.
With his team Dr Droxler found that from 800 to 1000 AD, no more than two tropical cyclones occurred every two decades, when usually there were up to six.
This suggests major droughts occurred in these years, possibly leading to famines and unrest among the Mayan people.
And they also found that a second drought hit from 1000 to 1100 AD, corresponding to the time that the Mayan city of Chichén Itzá collapsed.
Researchers say a climate reversal and drying trend between 660 and 1000 AD triggered political competition, increased warfare, overall sociopolitical instability, and finally, political collapse - known as the Classic Maya Collapse.
This was followed by an extended drought between AD 1020 and 1100 that likely corresponded with crop failures, death, famine, migration and, ultimately, the collapse of the Maya population.
Mexican archaeologists were searching for a sacred well when they instead discovered a cave at the Mayan ruins of Chichen Itza that contained over 150 ceramic artifacts. What’s even more interesting is that the vessels have been untouched for over a thousand years and are believed to date back around 1000 AD. In addition to the ceramic objects, there were also bone fragments and burnt offering materials that are currently being analyzed.
Archaeologist Guillermo de Anda said that after local Maya residents told experts about the location, exploration of the cave started last year in 2018. Around 50 years ago, the cave was discovered by locals but nobody went in to explore it. The locals did, however, report their findings to an archaeologist but he ordered that the cave be sealed and the only thing that was documented on it was a short report that was put in government archives.
Archaeologist Guillermo de Anda stands next to pre-columbian artifacts in a cave at the Mayan ruins of Chichen Itza, Yucatan, Mexico. Mexican archaeologists say they have found offerings of about 200 ceramic vessels in nearly untouched condition. The National Institute of Anthropology and History says the vessels appear to date back to around 1,000 A.D
The cave is called Balamku and it’s located around 2.75 kilometres east of the main pyramid which is named Kukulkan, or El Castillo (also known as “The Castle”).
Chichen Itza
Of the 155 found artifacts, which include incense burners, ceramic braziers, and clay boxes, some of them appear to have the face of Tlaloc who is central Mexico’s rain god. While the Mayas had their own rain god called Chaac, it’s possible that they could have brought over Tlaloc from additional pre-Hispanic cultures.
The objects that were found inside of the cave were offerings brought in by the ancient Mayas who were asking for rain. And it wasn’t an easy task to bring the artifacts to the location, as they had to crawl on their stomachs through a very narrow cave in order to get to a few bigger chambers where they placed their offerings. The team said that they plan to leave all the artifacts inside of the cave.
The archaeological team is examining Chichen Itza to figure out the routes and sites of the underground water system. While several cenotes (or sinkhole lakes) can be seen at the site, there are additional water sites that are located underneath the temples, patios, and pyramids that have yet to be discovered. Interestingly enough, “Chichen Itza” translates to “at the mouth of the well of the Water Wizards” in Maya.
Chichen Itza
Experts have already crawled into the cave (some areas which are only 40 centimetres in height), but have only gotten to around a few hundred metres in so far. They are hoping to find a connection to a cenote cave which they think is located underneath the Pyramid of Kukulkan. “Let’s hope this leads us there. That is part of the reason why we are entering these sites, to find a connection to the cenote under the Castillo,” de Anda expressed.
Archaeologists have stumbled upon an 'untouched' ritual cave on Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula that could hold the key to unraveling the fall of the Maya Empire. Above, pre-columbian artifacts sit in a cave at the Mayan ruins of Chichen Itza
11 Mysterious Human Species That Most People Don’t Know Existed
Evolution includes many now extinct human species.
11 Mysterious Human Species That Most People Don’t Know Existed
Modern humans,Homo Sapiens ,are now the only surviving member of the homo genus. It is almost inconceivable to us that there was a time we walked with other human species, but as the science of archaeology has progressed and more findings have been made it has become clear that the homo genus was once rife with different species.
Since the publication of Darwin’s On Origin of the Species in 1859 there has been great interest in piecing together our family tree. Fossil hominids like Lucy the Australopithecus and Java Manhave helped us to fill in some of the blanks, but as more and more remains of extinct human species have been discovered it has become clear that the history of our ancestors and how they evolved is not as simple as may once have been thought. Our family tree is now filled with not only direct ancestors like Homo Habilis and Homo Erectus but also cousins and distant relatives like Homo Neanderthalensis and Homo Denisova .
But despite so many extinct human species now being known, there are still gaps in the picture. And even though we have remains and evidence of some species, we know very little about them.
1. Homo Heidelbergensis
Homo Heidelbergensis – Heidelberg man. This extinct human ancestor walked the earth about 600,000 years ago in Africa, parts of Asia, and Europe. They are believed to be the direct ancestor of Neanderthals, and some archaeologists even argue that they are “archaic” or “early” Neanderthals. Heidelberg man was exceptionally tall at an average height of 6’, but also intelligent. They were using stone tipped spears made from obsidian to hunt and butcher large prey and may be the first species of homo to intentionally bury their dead.
Heidelberg man - facial reconstruction based on the Kabwe skull displayed at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. (Tim1965 / CC BY-SA 2.0 )
2. Homo Rudolfensis
This extinct human ancestor is only known through a small number of fossilized bone fragments. There has been some debate as to whether Rudolfensis is the earliest known member of the homo genus, or if it is a very late member of the Australopethicus genus.
Due to the scant nature of the remains not much is known about the species, but evidence suggests its brain was proportionally larger than the other earliest members of the homo genus.
3. Java Man
In the early 1890s, the tooth, skullcap, and thighbone of an extinct human species were found by a team of archaeologists in East Java. This is what gave the discovery its nickname ‘Java Man’.
It was a big deal at the time, as the bones were at that point the oldest hominid remains ever discovered. It was originally argued by some archaeologists that Java Man was an ancestor of Homo Erectus , but there were some who said that it was the so called ‘missing link’ between ape and man.
The three main fossils of Java Man found in 1891–92: a skullcap, a molar, and a thighbone, each seen from two different angles. (120 / Public Domain )
4. Boskop Man
Boskop Man was discovered in 1913 in Boskop, South Africa. It is notable as the brain size of the skull was larger than that of a modern human. After other specimens of the species were discovered, it was given the name Homo Capensis. However, after heavy criticism in the 1950s there was a change of opinion and the Boskop Man along with the rest of Homo Capensis was reclassified as anatomically modern Homo Sapiens and not an extinct ancestor at all, despite an estimated head size of 30% larger than the modern average.
5. Homo Denisova
One of the more recent discoveries of an extinct human species was made at the Denisova Cave in Siberia as recently as 2008. Only a very few remains have been discovered so far, but thanks to advances in DNA analysis it has been possible to sequence the genome of Homo Denisova . With this evidence, it has been possible to show that some people in Tibet have snippets of Denisovan DNA in the same way that some Europeans have a tiny percentage of Neanderthal DNA.
Replica of a Denisovan molar, originally found in Denisova Cave. (Thilo Parg / CC BY-SA 3.0 )
6. Penghu Man
Another extinct human found in 2008 was Homo Tsaichangensis , which has the catchier nickname Penghu Man. Penghu Man’s fossilized mandible was discovered by fishermen working near the Penghu Islands off the coast of Taiwan. It is extremely thick and has gigantic teeth, which has puzzled scientists for several reasons. They have been able to determine it is the mandible of a previously unknown species and that it was probably very similar to Homo Erectus , but larger. It has so far not been possible to date the fossil, so they are not sure when the species was alive.
7. Dmanisi Man
Homo Georgicus , otherwise known as Dmanisi Man, is a species of extinct human which has been found in Dmanisi, Georgia. The species had a very small brain, unlike many of our extinct ancestors. The five skulls which are evidence of Homo Georgicus were discovered in 1991, and since then they have been the subject of much debate. They may be an intermediary between Homo Erectus and Homo Habilis , but there are some scientists who think the skulls are simply examples of Homo Erectus. Despite having a small brain, the fossils are associated with a total of 73 tools which proves a large brain is not always necessary to use and produce tools.
The most recent known archaic human to go extinct, the remains of the Red Deer Cave People have been dated to approximately 11,500 years ago, meaning they were still around for about 28,500 years after the last pure Neanderthals.
Some scientists think the Red Deer Cave People were a hybrid of Homo Denisova and modern humans but attempts to sequence their DNA have not proved successful, so it is currently impossible to say for sure.
9. Homo Naledi
Evidence of Homo Naledi was unearthed in 2013 in a cave in South Africa by cavers who were able to access a chamber in the Rising Star system for the first time. Thirty meters (98 feet) below the surface, it is strewn with thousands of bones which have unique and interesting features with 1550 currently excavated and many more remaining in the cave. Some of their features are archaic and resemble specimens from around 20,00,000 years ago, but they also have more modern hominid features, and their bones have been dated to about 250,000 years ago. It has been concluded that they were not a direct ancestor of modern humans.
Archaeologists are unsure how so many bones ended up in the cave, but they may have been deliberately depositing the bodies there at the time of death as there is evidence that they were not all deposited at one time.
10. The Hobbit
In 2004 researchers made the announcement that a discovery had been made on the island of Flores, Indonesia. The people on the island had long talked of the Ebu Gogo, a supposed race of short, hairy men who lived in caves. Astonishingly, the discovery of stone tools and remains of a small hominid in a cave on the island seemed to prove the legends right. The remains were given the official name Homo Floresiensis after the island, but they have become known as The Hobbit . Homo Floresiensis was approximately 3.5’ tall, with large feet.
Comparison of skull features of Homo naledi and other early human species. (Animalparty / CC BY-SA 4.0 )
11. The Ghost Ancestor
A study published in 2019 has shared evidence of a yet undiscovered extinct human ancestor, proposed after an AI program determined that there was a ‘ghost’ population of archaic human which interbred with modern humans in the distant past. Researchers think the unknown ancestor may have been an offshoot of Homo Denisova, based on the evidence.
With new techniques such as this and advances in fields such as DNA analysis , it is now possible to learn more about extinct species of human than ever before. New species are being discovered and identified with relative frequency, and the earliest discoveries can now be reassessed and analyzed in greater detail. The evidence is pointing not to one unbroken chain of human ancestors , but a rich family tree with a number of offshoots. Exactly how many extinct relatives we have will probably never be known for sure, but with each discovery we are able to add a new and unique piece to the puzzle of who we are .
Top image:Evolution includes many now extinct human species.
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Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
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