Aliens: Closer Than We May Realize

Humanity has a lot of finely tuned instruments pointed at the sky. But it's a really big sky.

This post has been updated.

Science fiction movies frequently make it seem as though hostile extraterrestrials might be able to sneak through Earth’s atmosphere, emerge from the clouds without warning, and start wrecking shit. But is it really possible that spaceships could suddenly appear out of the vast blackness of space unnoticed by the myriad instruments on the ground? Depending on the aliens’ level of technological sophistication, one can argue that almost anything is possible. Humans have pointed a lot of sensors skyward, but it’s not clear they would really give us a proper heads up before our extraterrestrial guests arrive.

It sort of depends on exactly what we’re looking for. The search for extraterrestrial intelligence, better known as SETI, has been fruitless so far, but we keep investing and more and more money towards projects aimed at answering whether or not we’re alone in the universe. That investigation basically revolves around detecting various signals that point to the existence of technologically advanced extraterrestrials. And that also means the instruments we can use to observe space let us see farther into the universe than ever before. How far exactly? Douglas Vakoch tells Inverse that the answer has more to do with defining “see” than with arriving at a specific number.

A SETI researcher and the president of METI International, Vakoch divides the tools used to do SETI research into two groups: optical, and radio. Optical instruments, which look for lasers or other light patterns that suggest the presence of intelligent aliens, can make decent observations up to about 1,000 light-years away. “Beyond 1,000 light-years, however, it can get more difficult,” Vakoch says. Those instruments include the Boquete Optical SETI Observatory in Panama, and the Owl Observatory in Michigan.

Radio instruments, on the other hand, make a lot more sense for investigating signs of extraterrestrial life. For one, we can listen in on radio waves moving through space from about 10,000 light-years and beyond. Radio waves are also a pretty specific sign of a technologically advanced civilization while a star system may be expressing a strange laser-based signal in the distance, that might also just be an unexplained natural phenomenon (as we’re sort of learning when it comes to Tabbys Star.

Of course, as Vakoch emphasizes, our abilities to listen in on the universe dwindles as the distance increases. Aliens broadcasting themselves 10,000 light-years away will likely avoid detection.

But then again, SETI is a two-way street. When asked whether we currently have a maximum limit from which we can detect alien life, Seth Shostak, the director of the Center for SETI Research at the SETI Institute, says, “It depends on how much money the aliens have to invest in their own technology.” He’s referring to the fact that intelligent lifeforms might possess technologies that allow them to broadcast their existence to us from farther away and offset the limits of our own instruments.

“In theory, there’s no limit,” he adds.

It’s important to remember that SETI investigations don’t just watch the universe in all direction in hopes we’ll stumble on something. Scientists focus our instruments on certain regions of space that are most promising — i.e. the exoplanets or star systems that possess the best chances for developing habitable environments.

“We start close to home,” says Vakoch, “and look at sun-like stars. As we move the investigation farther out, we start to hone in on stars or star regions that might be useful. For example, a current trend in the SETI community is the study of red dwarf stars, which were historically ignored. The beauty of red dwarfs is that they last a long time,” says Vakoch, sustaining planetary systems that have a much longer chance of developing habitable traits. Red dwarfs make up about 80 to 90 percent of the stars in our own neighborhood within the Milky Way galaxy.”

There’s another big factor to consider. SETI research focuses on finding aliens thatwant to be found — or at the very least, are not actively trying to hide from human detection. If a hostile fleet of extraterrestrial warships were stationed somewhere in the galaxy or was en route to the solar system, they could very well possess a number of highly advanced technologies that could shroud their presence. Space itself is incredibly big anyways — humans don’t have eyes and ears scanning all parts of the universe around us.

Aliens might be able to slip into orbit, but if they were traveling in anything truly large it might be quite difficult for them to do so without severely disrupting our orbital equipment or even taking out a geosynchronous satellite. Still, that’s not an impossible feat.

“If they’re sufficiently intelligent,” says Vakoch, “there’s no reason to think they couldn’t be anywhere.”

Photos via District 9, Guardians of the Galaxy

{ https://www.inverse.com/ }

08-08-2016 om 00:41 geschreven door peter  

How might humans defend Earth from hostile aliens? You have to think big. Real big.

Neel V. Patel

In the upcoming sequel to the 1996 summer blockbuster Independence Day, a massive alien force comes to Earth to avenge losses sustained at Will Smith’s hand 20 years earlier. Aware that this might happen, the planet has spent the previous two decades preparing: creating Earth Space Defense, an international defense program and warning system with bases on the moon, Mars, and Saturn’s moon Rhea, and a lot of laser guns built using repurposed alien technology. The whole thing looks very Hollywood high budget, but, in reality, it represents a paltry effort.

Defending Earth from alien invaders will require a lot more than some outposts and a Hemsworth brother. Still, even that’s better than what we’ve got. As it stands, we possess neither of the two things we’d need to repel an extraterrestrial attack: a system to find and assess alien threats and a means to destroy incoming ships. We’re way closer on the former than the latter.

Believe it or not, planetary defense is a real part of space research and exploration — albeit in terms of protecting the planet against natural threats, like asteroids, comets, surprise solar flares, etc. For NASA, other space agencies around the world, and private companies, planetary defense is basically limited to a discussion of asteroid impact avoidance and deflection, and the development of technologies that allow us to track near-Earth objects that might pose a threat should their travel path ever line up with ours. To that end, NASA has been bolstering its efforts to improve instruments designed to track such rocks zipping through the solar system — most notably through the recent opening of thePlanetary Defense Coordination Office, to better study and characterize different near-Earth asteroids and comets and predict their orbits around the sun in relation to Earth.

Tracking technologies, like the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer space telescope, would let us know if an alien battalion were en route to Earth long before it reached the planet — provided the aliens were in a pretty big ship and traveling slow enough to give us time to parse the patterns. The issue with WISE, from a strategic defense perspective, is just how easy it would be for aliens to destroy. It is a scientific instrument and, as such, not designed to be combat ready.

Unfortunately, we still have no actual way of engaging with an object that’s on a crash course for a pale blue dot. Under the asteroid-focused planetary defense model, NASA is actually supporting a few off-the-wall projects with a bit of R&D funding, such as the gravity tractor. But this isn’t technology we could use to actually defend ourselves against creatures with superior ships. The only technology we have that can really do that is nuclear bombs.

Whether our lives are threatened by an asteroid or extraterrestrials, bombs are likely the best answer we’ve got. If it comes down to saving humanity, you better believe we’ll be launching nukes straight up.

Of course, this is easier said than done. The problem, as the aforementioned movies each discussed, is that you can’t simply launch a nuke or 12 straight into an asteroid. They’ll barely make a dent into the rock, and will hardly affect the trajectory of the damn thing. When it comes to alien invasion, we might have better luck, since a spaceship would need to slow down upon approaching the planet to ensure its safety. At deceased speeds and with a structure that would presumably facilitate interstellar travel (i.e. made to be lightweight with a relatively hollow interior), an alien ship would be a lot more vulnerable to damage by nuclear weapons.

Unfortunately, if an alien civilization is capable of waging wars light-years away from its home, it’s probably already found a way to mitigate or even totally offset damage by a conventional bombs. We’d have to find a way to crack our way in and blow the ship up from the inside.

Meet the Hypervelocity Asteroid Intercept Vehicle, or HAIV: a seemingly conventional spacecraft carrying a nuclear explosive device capable of blowing an object up from the inside out. HAIV is basically two main components — a “kinetic impactor” that bores a hole into the object and creates a hollow path behind it, and an encasement for the nuke.

A diagram describing how HAIV works.

The genius behind HAIV, aeronautics engineer Bong Wie of Iowa State University, conceived of HAIV as a potential way to defend Earth against asteroid threats. Wie, who is also director the university’s Asteroid Deflection Research Center, says his projectile, which would be between 1000 to 2000 kilograms in mass and move at about 5 kilometers per second, contains enough kinetic energy to create a hole or crater about 10 meters deep and 20 meters wide in an oncoming asteroid. The nuclear device would go into that crater behind the spacecraft and, boom goes the dynamite.

If we have at least a 5-year warning time, Wie says, mankind will be able to prep a HAIV mission. A nuclear explosion will then occur in space far outside the lunar distance. “Less than 0.1% of resulting fragments would enter Earth’s atmosphere.”

The reason we would need to design and build HAIV from scratch after we know an asteroid is on its way is because you need to cater the whole thing to destroy the asteroid as optimally as possible. For an asteroid with a diameter of 300 meters, the best kind of nuclear device would probably weigh about 1000 kilograms. A larger meteor will need something bigger; smaller rocks could be crushed with smaller bombs.

Wie and his colleagues were previously awarded two phases of funding through the NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts (NIAC) program. “This concept is now further being investigated by a team of researchers from NASA and the national defense laboratories for a possible flight demonstration in the near future,” he says. “However, all previous studies of HAIV were based on conceptual and computational research. No experimental validation or testing of the HAIV concept has been performed yet.”

Wie has never explained whether the HAIV might be a useful system to protect us from aliens, but he has said that the use of nuclear devices is the most cost-effective option for mitigating impact threat.

Wie is loathe to speculate on the potential weaponization of his technology. But this is not a trait universal to space scientists. Igor Ashurbeyli is actively planning to repel an attack. The chairman of the Moscow-based International Expert Society on Space Threat Defense, Ashurbeyli told the audience at the 4th Manfred Lachs International Conference on Conflicts in Space and the Rule of Law, that he was preparing a proposal for an armed, unmanned space platform dedicated to monitoring activity in space and on the Earth and capable of directly neutralizing both.

Artist's rendition of URBOCOP

His concept is called the Universal Robotic Battle Cosmic Platform, or URBOCOP. Exactly what it would look like is hard to say, but Ashurbeyli says URBOCOP would essentially be an autonomously-run system — “free from human bias” — that could identify a variety of threats in advance and defend the planet from them. He lists solar flares, changes to Earth’s magnetosphere, asteroids and comets, man-made space debris, unforeseen effects of climate change, cosmic rays, biological threats from other parts of space — all as potential space threats. This situation reminds one of Russian roulette, he told the audience. “Only with rocks, huge pieces of metal, solar energy and other surprises, acting as bullets and putting all of humanity at fatal risk.”

In addition, Ashurbeyli also thinks URBOCOP could work to defend the Earth against intelligent extraterrestrials, or even man-made threats here on the surface. Imagine two countries warring against one-another and launching missiles back and forth. URBOCOP could very easily strike to shut those launches down before those weapons even get into the air.

All of that raises an enormous number of questions. What kind of A.I. system would be used to make sure URBOCOP doesn’t turn against us or mistakenly destroy civilian equipment or structures? What will this thing look like? If Wie is right and nukes are really the only thing that will protect us from large asteroids, are we prepared to store nukes on a space platform floating in orbit?

Ashurbeyli didn’t answer those questions, or even really outline how URBOCOP would work. That’s all being detailed in a presentation later this year. But he’s striving hard to make discussions of planetary defense technologies move from the outer rim of the scientific community, and closer to the mainstream.

There are few reasons to think he’s being foolish in this regard. Even if the chances of Earth being attacked by aliens is next to nothing, space is a pretty volatile place. You never know what strange shit the sun will spew on a whim; what weird comet or asteroid will appear out of nowhere and make its way towards our neighborhood; and so forth. And in reality, we seem to already possess the tools we need to pick up on dangers, and strike at them. It’s just a matter of refining them and putting them towards ensuring Earth stays a safe place to live — seeing how it’s the only planet we have so far.

Photos via Wie/NASA, Ashurbeyli, YouTube

{ https://www.inverse.com/ }

08-08-2016 om 00:28 geschreven door peter  

Dr. Steven Greer - Interstellar Travel, X-files and The CIA Plan To Discredit UFOLogy

07-08-2016 om 21:33 geschreven door peter  

How Would Alien Life Forms Look And Behave On A Habitable Planet Around A Red Dwarf Star?

The largest population of stars in the galaxy hide in the shadows, too dim to be seen with the naked eye from Earth. Their limited radiance helps to extend their lifetimes, which are far greater than that of the sun. Scientists think that 20 out of the 30 stars nearest to Earth are red dwarfs; however, none of them can be seen with the naked eye. The closest star to the sun, Proxima Centauri, is a red dwarf.

Take the example of the recently discovered planet called Kepler 186f. It orbits a red dwarf star that has only 4% of the sun’s luminosity. It appears to have liquid water and to be habitable and it seems to have gravity similar to Earth. Due to their low luminosity, how do you think lifeforms would look like on a planet like this? There are a lot of factors that need to be considered, and most exoplanets are too far for those factors to be observed directly with current instruments.

Let’s first ponder the possible environments of a planet circling a red dwarf.

What would the sky looks like?

For a blue sky: A planet needs to have a thick atmosphere with an abundance of oxygen, and preferably a clear ocean of water or methane. To have a thick atmosphere the planet will need to have a strong magnetosphere. To have a strong magnetosphere the planet will need to have a large, solid iron inner core rotating quickly within a fluid iron outer core. To have such a core, the planet must be larger than a certain size, and must have been born after a certain amount of time after the big bang, and in a region of space relatively populated by iron dust created largely through supernovae and nucleosynthesis.

For a red sky: consider Mars. Its atmosphere is 1% of Earth’s, and appears red because the ground is red. It’s literally rust. To have such a minimal atmosphere, Mars or any planet would likely have lost its magnetosphere. For that to be the case geological activity and core motion would need to have been dropped nearly to nothing (Mars in fact has some magnetism in the southern hemisphere). To be rust the planet must have a considerable amount of iron, so it needs to have accreted during a period when iron has been nucleosynthesized in abundance, and it needs to have formed in a region of space in which that is the case.

Let’s assume the planet has the same mass as Earth and is in the circumstellar habitable zone which, around Red Dwarfs, would be very close to the star. Tidal-locking would be inevitable, but models predict that atmospheric equilibration is potentially possible between the starward side and its opposite if CO2 and H20 are present. Still, the climate might be pretty turbulent, so expect the need for sturdy shelters capable of thermo-regulation.

The luminosity of a Red Dwarf is no more than 10% of our sun’s, so it will be like living in perpetual twilight. Plants will need to photosynthesize much more efficiently, perhaps via black analogues of chlorophyll.

Life forms could have a very similar metabolisms to earthly organisms. But who knows they might not even be a carbon based lifeforms. Metabolisms are a function of the chemical environment they evolve in. Life that evolve in an ammonia rich atmosphere would be very different than on that evolved in a sulfur rich atmosphere.

I would think that they would evolve big, big eyes or light sensors.  It is logical to assume that their visual system would extend into the infrared end of the electromagnetic spectrum, since a red dwarf’s visible light emission peaks in the red portion of the spectrum.

They would not see colors like we do. They could see inside thick dust clouds, obscured galacticcores, and other hidden regions of the cosmos. These unique abilities are thanks to infrared light, a wavelength invisible to the human eye.

Space would look like this to them:

This is how they would see us humans:

How might they observe us?

In infrared our petty reasons for racism and xenophobic behavior completely vanishes.

Looking at us humans in the infrared like these aliens could, it would be impossible for them to understand our human failing of unenlightened racism. They would not see the superficial characteristic of white, black, red or yellow skin. In infrared we would all appear to be the same.

We are all the SAME even when not viewed in infrared but many people still do not understand that.

Their physical size and bodily configuration depends on the gravity of the planet.  Massive planet, massive life forms. Smaller planet, thinner lighter life forms. If there are aquatic life forms, they are probably on the level of algae and flagellates. Colors of organisms will be in the white to pale region.

Red Dwarfs are thought to have frequent stellar flares. If you’re caught outside at the start of one, you better have a radiation-resistant coat that will envelop you rapidly.

Check out the free-access special issue on “M star planet habitability” in the journal Astrobiology, http://www.liebertonline.com/toc…, in particular the paper by Tarter et al. NASA and NSF broadly agree, and are funding searches for planets in the M-dwarf habitable zone – have a look at the presentation by Bean at this year’s Exploring Strange New Worlds exoplanet conference – http://nexsci.caltech.edu/confer…

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06-08-2016 om 23:58 geschreven door peter  

Extraterrestrial Life Does Exist. Why Should They Be Hostile Towards Us?

When legendary broadcaster Orson Welles gave his suspenseful 1938 War of the Worlds radio broadcast, it caused a perhaps overblown but nonetheless real panic among Americans who mistook it for news reportage. And while “invaders from Mars” laying waste to the world now seems unlikely, scientists are worried that a similar broadcast in the future could be relating a real alien invasion — and not just one from across our porous southern border.

Astronomers have listened for signals from alien civilizations since 1960, when the Cornell University astronomer Frank Drake co-opted the national observatory at Green Bank, West Virginia, to launch Project Ozma. S.E.T.I Advocates are perhaps driven by frustration after 60 years of listening to the Cosmos and hearing nothing but cosmic crickets. But might our messages serve as a homing beacon for beings less like the cute E.T. and more akin to the rampaging aliens in Independence Day or Darth Vader and his Death Star? That’s the worry.

But is it a worry that is grounded in reality, no matter what Stephen Hawking might proclaim? It makes sense on some levels and then not on others. The only verifiable source of life which we have is our own bubble on Earth. So when reasoning by our own example…be afraid ….be very afraid.

Reason being is that life is very often hostile to other life. Look at the trials of life in nature and the trials of life in the newspapers. Mans inhumanity to man …. All Lives clearly do not matter.

Predators kill their prey. Many herbivores are highly aggressive and will attack and sometimes kill other animals (e.g. boars, hippopotamuses). Many animals fight, injure and potentially kill members of their own species (e.g. males fighting for mating rights). Chimpanzees go to war with other groups of chimpanzees. Anthills to go war with other anthills.

Look at humans. We are pretty damn hostile to other life – we’ve exterminated countless species, and other species we keep enslaved in conditions of horrendous suffering so that we can eat them (e.g. chickens, pigs).

This is not done out of deliberate malice. No one said: “Let’s go wipe out those damned dodos!” It is done out of convenience – an aggregate of small actions and in actions that each serves to make someone’s life nicer in the long or short run.

I saw a chart comparing species by the number of human deaths they’re responsible for in an average year. Sharks weighed in at the bottom of the list, with only 10 human casualties a year. Humans were about tied for first place with mosquitoes, each of them weighing in at close to a million. If you scoped a species like this flying around in the boundless expanse of the universe, wouldn’t your first impulse be to grab a can of Raid and let them have it?

But does it have to be that way?

What about the nature of any (hypothetical) extraterrestrial life? Does brawn win over brains? Does life take life all over the Universe?

Here are a few points to ponder:

1) One hypothesis points out that the incredible level of technology any space-faring species must have achieved indicates that it has successfully navigated its innate tendencies (if any) toward violence, evolving wisdom and social skills. A species like this would welcome with joy a new species — not kill it.

2) Another hypothesis points out that any extraterrestrial species is bound to be so different from us that we could never be able to achieve mutual understanding or even recognition. A species like this might be inimical to our interests — or even our survival — not because of hostility, but because of indifference or unawareness. They might exterminate us the way we blindly make other species extinct when they are under our radar. According to this theory, there is no special reason that they would consider humans (or any other earth species) as interesting — or even visible. In that case, they might bump us off accidentally while they used our atmosphere, for example, for some strange actions only they understand.

3) A third hypothesis suggests that the motives of an extraterrestrial species may be as alien to us as the motives of insects. They might ferociously pursue their horrifying goals of killing us for food or egg chambers or whatever. They may need all our organics, or all our females, or all our air or water. Or they may have inscrutable goals, but instantly fly into a screaming death attack — stopping at nothing, including machine gun fire — if, for example, we try to control the neat stacks of geometric prisms (which exude a deadly toxin) they are placing everywhere.

So extraterrestrial creatures may be benevolent, indifferent, or malevolent. On what basis can we make a prediction? On what evidence would we rely to assert a conclusion?

I can not provide any evidence but what I can provide is a point of view.

I am a firm believer that the more intelligent something is the more avenues, aspects, possibilities one can go through or mull over in any given situation. The smarter one is, the Universe becomes less and less black and white. Infinite shades of probability grey exist which are not available to creatures without advanced perceptions, advanced intelligence. The choice of violence and destruction is just one option in a ever increasing venue of options which is available for the advanced intellect. In that perspective I believe it will always be moreadvantageous to create then destroy. Advanced life will respect life in all its forms and handily work out any conflicts that may arise to create win-win scenarios. In the light of ever increasing accounts of UAP’s. This may be why we are still here and pondering such a question.

YOU must note that I am NOT referring to Humans, I am referring to INTELLIGENT life in the Universe.

We are not it. We have only been out of the proverbial caves for the most fleeting instant of cosmic deep time.

But who knows, I always reserve the right to be wrong…

If an alien species invades Earth and destroys or enslaves humanity, it will most likely not be out of malice but out of convenience. Grand Admiral Gorignax does not hate humans, but he reallywants that third conquest medal. His brother-in-law already has three conquest medals, and Mrs. Gorignax has been nagging him about it to no end. You don’t want little Gorignax Junior to go through the horrors of a divorce and custody battle, do you? I’m sorry, but in order to preserve this family, those humans will have to go.

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06-08-2016 om 23:50 geschreven door peter  

Assuming E.T. Can Control Gravity What Other Capabilities Can We Expect Them To Have?

The actual way that the universe works is the same everywhere, however, every intelligent life form will have a different understanding of it. Not only have our laws of physics changed over time, even today, different people have different interpretations of how things work. The more advanced a civilization becomes the closer their model of reality will match the actual universe.

While eventually any two independently developed set of laws of physics should converge, Their current similarity will depend both on how different they were to start with and how much progress has been made.

We don’t understand how gravity works. We understand the effects. It is an attractive force in three dimensions. The ‘fabric’ analogy is a tool to help us visualize what is happening. Space-Time is not real. It is a tool to help us figure out reality. We say gravity bends space time because we can understand that. In reality, nothing is bent, there is no ‘fabric’, and so far as we have discovered, there is no actual entity that we call ‘time.’ Time is another tool we use to help us figure out our reality and what is happening in our reality. Neither the time particle/wave nor the gravity particle/wave has been confirmed. It has been recently glimpsed but that is notconfirmation. Only the effects have been seen or discovered. Like a shadow, when we see it, we know that there is something blocking the light, but in the cases of time and gravity, when we look, we can not find the actual entity that is causing the effect.

Gravity control and inertia suggest that they might posses some form of reactionless drive. A reactionless drive is a device to generate motion without a propellant, presumably incontradiction to the law of conservation of momentum. The name comes from Newton’s third law, which is usually expressed as, “for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.” A large number of infeasible devices, such as the “Dean drive”, are a staple of science fiction, particularly for space propulsion. To date, no reactionless drive has ever been validated under properly controlled conditions. Since we do not have theory of quantum gravity it might be possible to construct such drive by an advanced intergalactic intelligence.

Since such feats would require lot of understanding of basic physical laws we can assume that any race with such capability have quantum theory of gravity and can exploit it to practical gains.

Having control over gravity permits interesting industrial processes to become possible. Assuming that one have not limitation over it one can imagine that the aliens could create what is essentially a “matter furnace” using gravity to create something like accretion disk allowing conversion matter to energy – far safer than antimatter power.

To be a master of gravity means you are a master of time as well. Times fiery arrow relentless chugging forward can be stopped in it’s tracks. Time would be putty in the hands of these advanced intelligence’s. They could stop time, stretch it and make it their plaything. They may not age and they may be timeless.

To control gravity is to control the Universe at a level at this time we can only dream of. It brings sources of propulsion and energy that would appear as magic to us hairless apes.

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06-08-2016 om 23:37 geschreven door peter  

Simple Solution To The Fermi Paradox

The Fermi paradox asks “if there are other advanced alien species, why haven’t we detected them?”. If you delve into this topic you will find a whole lot of utter nonsense written about Kardashev scales, Von Neumann probes and Dyson spheres as if those were even a thing.

Here’s the deal … Space is a really big place. Really really gi-friggin-normously big! One Light-year is $9.46\times {\mathrm{10^}}^{15}m$. Let’s call it 10,000,000,000,000 (10 trillion) km give or take.

The first part of the paradox is “why haven’t we heard from them?”

We can only observe objects at interstellar distances by measuring their light and radio emissions, i.e. electromagnetic radiation. EM radiation spreads out in spherically expanding waves, so the Inverse-square law predicts that EM intensity declines with the square of the distance from the source.

If we plug in some numbers we can see that in standard MKS units, if our hypothetical alienbuddies orbiting Proxima broadcast a signal of $1w/m^2$ toward us here on Earth it would decline to only $0.5\times {\mathrm{10^-}}^{34}w/m^2$ by the time it got here. We can multiply that by any output level we like to get the potential intensity of EM at that distance. For reference, the intensity of theCosmic microwave background radiation is about $3.7\times {\mathrm{10^}}^{-18}w/m^2$.

There are clever tricks that radio astronomers can use with arrays of receivers and by focusing on areas of the radio frequency spectrum that aren’t “naturally occurring”, but even so our alien civilization’s total output would be roughly 13-16 orders of magnitude below the cosmic microwave background. It’s likely none of their signal would be recoverable with our current technology. It is argued that ETs would be blasting a much more powerful signal our way. Perhaps they are, but even if they are shooting megawatts our way, it’s still going to be many orders below the cosmic microwave background when it gets here.

And why would they want to shout at us like that anyway? Here on Earth, there is no need to “shout”. Most of our terrestrial communicationsis broadcast within the atmosphere at signal strengths in the single digit integer watt range (there are spectacular exceptions like the Taldom transmitter in Russia). Very little of our radio noise leaks to space because it is intended for communication on Earth. It’s a safe bet the aliens would also use moderate to low power communications as well – if they even use EM at all. So even if they are “close” we probably wouldn’t notice.

The second part of the paradox is “why haven’t they visited us yet?”

Everywhere looks just like everywhere else in space. We have a hard time even detecting the existence of (Earth-sized) planets in the Goldilocks zone about nearby stars. Our smarter cousins may be better at it than us, but they suffer from the same tyranny of distance. Relativity dictates that nothing physical can travel at (or realistically, even close to) the speed of light. There may not be any aliens zipping along in starships.

At the kinds of speeds we can reach now (0.00023c) any star is more than ten thousand years away from us. If we could go a hundred times faster (say 0.01c), a trip to the Alpha Centauri group is 400-800 years (optimistically) because we have to accelerate and decelerate at the other end. Our ETs have the same physics we do and have to overcome the same limits. They might travel at higher speeds, but unless they are vastly more long lived than we are, they simply won’t survive the trip. But at 0.1c they might be in the ballpark.

Here is another take on this apparent paradox… 

Lets imagine that the chance of self-destruction for an advanced civilization is ~100% before they become capable of roaming the universe.

Here are some of the common musings which I think are wrong.

1) The Universe Is A Big Place

That doesn’t work. Whatever method we apply to compute how many life-friendly planets are out there, we always arrive at ridiculously large numbers. Considering time + statistics, that means many alien civilizations should exist right now that are highly evolved. If we take the human progress trajectory into the next 1000 years, it’s obvious that we will find ways to bridge very large distances quickly (much faster than light).

There would be tremendously powerful technology, and the first thing you do with this technology is to search for life. Even we with super-primitive tech know how to search for life (but we are lacking the hardware for expeditions).

2) Advanced Cultures Will Turn Inside, Not Outside

Unlikely. Whatever species wins the millions of years of selection will be expansive and aggressive by nature. This is not going away, ever, because that’s who we (and they) are – because if we wouldn’t, we wouldn’t exist.

The assumptions that advanced civilizations will remove the very core that defines who they are is flawed, people (and aliens) don’t do this. In fact, a conscious mind is very likely to be incapable of removing itself. Statistics and tech trajectories simply can’t explain why the universe isn’t humming with high tech aliens.

Unless we turn our attention to certain inevitable dynamics inside these civilizations. The chance an advanced civilization self-destructs before it reaches universe roaming capability approximates 100%.  I call it the self-destruction paradigm.

Here is my reasoning and some number games:

Let’s safely assume that every alien high tech civilization reaches a point where it can easily self-destruct. Humanity reached that point in the 20th century. And it’s getting exponentially worse with every day.

Let’s define self-destruction as a civilizational regression back to a point where high tech space travel becomes difficult – a major set back in terms of science, culture and technology. Like a nuclear war, artificial intelligence nightmare or disintegration of the planetary ecosystem.

Let’s also assume that with increasing technology, the number of people needed to initiate self-destruction becomes exponentially smaller: in 1950, you needed one of 2 major countries to initiate human self destruction. Today, you need not more than a network of 100, maybe 1000 bad guys who hack their way towards a few dozen nukes. In the close future, one hacker who creates a self-conscious, evil artificial intelligence. In his basement might be enough.

Now, let’s consider the time between the point at that a civilization reaches self-destructioncapability, and the point at that it could freely roam and screen the universe for alien life.

It’s very hard to exactly estimate this timeline, but it will be quite significant. Let’s say 10,000 years, assuming truly exponential technology growth.

Now, what are the odds that the civilization will self-destruct within this timeline?

Pretty quickly (given exponential scales), a very small number of people – maybe every single member – of the civilization will have the power to destroy the civilization. To make things easier to compute, let’s assume it’s in average 100 hundred people who have to collude to self-destruct. We can also safely assume perfect connectivity between all members, except for the very first decades.

Let’s also assume, based on humanity, an average population of 100 billion people (we are already at 7 billion, so 100 billion average over the next 10,000 years is quite low).

This means all it takes is 100 people out of 100 billion to collude to self-destruct the civilization – and it only has to happen once during these 10,000 years. Let’s assume it takes one month for the evil group to plot and execute the self-destruction (also very lenient given that most of the time they will have super-artificial intelligence at their disposal).

That’s right: you have to make sure continuously over 10,000 x 12 months = 120,000 months that no group of 100 out of 100 billion people decides to go wild, ever.

It’s also pretty safe to assume that there is no security system in the world to prevent them from doing it, since this level of control is hard to imagine. Maybe there are some safety measures in place to screen for deviants, but at this scale, it’s a problem.

So basically this civilization must reach a level of wisdom, foresight and absolutely flawless caring-for-each-other system that out of 100 billion, there will never be 100 people who are pissed or crazy enough to destroy the civilization.

It might be possible to build a wisdom infrastructure like this, but it’s a herculean task.

And I think that all advanced alien civilizations so far have failed to achieve it.

Humanity is utterly unprepared to live up to this task. Fortunately, it will take another 100 or so years before we reach levels of easy universally accessible self-destruction capability. Unfortunately, 100 years is not a lot of time to invent a new wisdom infrastructure that ensures not a single member of the human race has a reason to go crazy.

You can think about the self-destruction paradigm both theoretically / mathematically and from a concrete threat assessment perspective. Combine exponential biotech, physics engineering, AI and software with terrorism and plot it on a 30 year trajectory from today, and you already get a feeling of the problem. Now do it over the next 100 years, and the problem becomes an existential, high-probability threat.

As I eluded to before – self-destruction doesn’t always mean total annihilation.

But if you get set back 10% of the total every 100 years, you can’t go beyond 1000 years of advancement. And you will never roam the universe freely and scan for aliens everywhere, even though it’s so close on your tech trajectory.

I don’t think the “paradox” is a paradox at all. It is based on wildly optimistic assumptions about the ease of detection of alien signals. SETI has been processing radio-telescope data for decades without a single result. We have reasonable lower bounds for the distance to possible civilizations that are most likely 2-10 times as far as Proxima. There’s no reason at all to believe alien civilizations are just dying to get here and meet us.

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06-08-2016 om 23:30 geschreven door peter  

This may be the reason we haven't found alien life

© Provided by CBS Interactive Inc.

Researchers from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics have come up with what they see as the best explanation for why we have yet to find alien lifethat equals our own. They say it's because, compared to the rest of the universe, Earthly life is relatively premature.

Our 4.5 billion-year-old planet is relatively young, floating in a universe that is about 13.8 billion years old. The research team, whose study will be published in the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, believes that life onEarth formed significantly earlier than comparable life would normally emerge on other planets."If you ask, 'When is life most likely to emerge?' you might naively say, 'Now,'" lead author Avi Loeb said in a press release. "But we find that the chance of life grows much higher in the distant future."

Scientists largely agree that the possibility for life emerged about 30 million years ago following the Big Bang, and it's predicted that life in the universe will come to an end in 10 trillion years, once the remaining stars fade away.

Play Video

NASA: We'll find alien life soon

© Credit: CBSNews hires.jpg

Between these two points of reference -- the Big Bang and the extinguishing of the last stars -- Loeb and his team tried to determine the likelihood of when life would form. Key to this is star size. Stars that are larger than about three times our sun's mass will burn out before any kind of life has the chance to develop. The best bet is with small stars, apparently. The smallest stars weigh less than 10 percent of the sun's mass, and they're likely to thrive for 10 trillion years -- which is plenty of time for life to slowly evolve on their planets.

Loeb and his team hypothesized that the chance for life to develop is 1,000 times higher in the far distant future -- since these small stars slowly burn for trillions of years -- than it is right now.

"So then you may ask, why aren't we living in the future next to a low-mass star?" Loeb asked. "One possibility is we're premature. Another possibility is that the environment around a low-mass star is hazardous to life."

Small stars aren't a guarantee that life will safely evolve on their planets over time. The researchers emphasize that, in their early years, low-mass red dwarf stars live for a long time but unfortunately shoot out powerful solar flares and ultraviolet radiation that could burn away the potentially life-giving atmosphere of nearby rocky planets.

The researchers emphasize that it's important to study these red dwarf stars to better understand their relationship to their orbiting planets.

{http://www.msn.com/en-us }

05-08-2016 om 01:00 geschreven door peter  

Giant fireball in Novosibirsk region: spectacular video of rare phenomenon

'This is fireball lightening, it's the first time I see one in my life.'

Picture here and below: Roman Tregubov

A local caught on camera this unusual example of ball lightning near his dacha (country house) outside Novosibirsk, Siberia's largest city. His grasp of his cell phone was shaky but his analysis of the phenomenon - as heard on the commentary - was accurate, say experts. 

'What is it there?' a female voice asks from a distance. 

'Fireball lightening,' answered the man with the mobile phone camera, Roman Tregubov, a graduate of the Novosibirsk State Technical University.

'Look, look, what is it?' another man asks. 

'Argh it's moving away,' the cameraman says. 'This is fireball lightening, it's the first time I see one in my life. It's going to move away. Lost it. Where it is? There is it. I wonder if it'll blow off soon. Yep, it blew off.'

'The physics of fireball lightening isn't clearly explained yet, but either way I was astonished to see the fireball lightening of such size.'

With huge pride he repeats: 'This is the first time in my life.'

But a woman says: 'Horror, hide away from it.'

Roman explained he had to stand on bricks to get a view of the ball over a fence and bushes, which is why the footage was shaky. 

'Fireball lightening is very rare, yet they can appear anywhere at all,' he said. 'The physics of fireball lightening isn't clearly explained yet, but either way I was astonished to see the fireball lightening of such size - and not just that, but to catch the whole process from the beginning when it appeared until the end.'

Usually associated with thunderstorms, ball lightning lasts considerably longer than the familiar split-second flash. 

04-08-2016 om 17:53 geschreven door peter  

03-08-2016 om 17:21 geschreven door peter  

UFO Culture and Beliefs….why they’re so significant today

(photo, courtesy of UFO Culture, The Christian Science Monitor)

Like the overwhelming majority of the world’s astronomers and scientists, I do not discount the possibility that we are not alone in the universe. Most likely we arenot alone, even though we still have no definite evidence for it.
(I am talking about already fully developed, sentient intelligent life…….not just micro-organisms).

At the same time, however, the overwhelming, vast majority in the scientific community have been skeptical when it comes to UFOs as conclusive evidence that we have been (or are being) visited by physical aliens in physical alien spacecraft of any kind.

As far as I am concerned, the bottom line is that we have not yet been presented with any single globally accepted physical, tangible, solid, as well as irrefutable documentary evidence of such, so far.

But all this does not mean that the study of the UFO phenomenon has no intrinsic value.

Ufology is an important study and will continue to be so as long as the “UFO phenomenon” is not conclusively solved.

However, as for myself, I am more interested in the study of its culture and beliefsand the impact of such beliefs on society in general.

Such study (on UFO Culture and Beliefs) is far more interesting and significant than the seemingly illusive, never-ending pursuit of the UFO phenomenon itself.

As I have stated time and time again, the subject of “UFOs” is the most important subject matter that I can think of because it involves everything and even seems to affect one’s worldview.

It is a fascinating study about human psychology and the role of “beliefs” that poses the question “what is reality?”

Yes, “UFOs” have become a social, cultural and psychological phenomenon.

Some even say that such beliefs are much needed for some folks who may feel the urge to believe in something or something that gives them a sense of “hope” (in tandem with religious beliefs), especially in these troubling, uncertain age of global economic, social and political crises.

Add to all this the role of the Internet.
The Internet has revolutionized how information as well as misinformation can be accessed instantaneously.
For many gullible folks among a segment of the society (and there are many such folks in the so-called UFO Community) the Internet has become a cesspool of totally unfounded “facts” created by hucksters and hoaxters so much so that even college-educated folks seem to fall into it. Such hucksters and hoaxsters have become so skillful in their “art forms” that it is becoming harder and harder for many folks to distinguish what is true information and what is misinformation.

P.S.

A question was raised by a reader: “Norio, as a point of interest – –what evidence supporting extraterrestrial visitation do deem credible?”

My answer is:

The only evidence acceptable would be the revelation of their actual physical spacecraft (i.e., if the phenomenon is fully physical), along with the revelation of its occupants in front of the global press, the global scientific community and the public-at-large at a globally recognized and viewable venue (such as in the lawn of the White House, or in Central Park or any publicly recognized venue), along with the total live global TV simulcast coverage of the revelation.

********************************

Norio Hayakawa’s CIVILIAN INTELLIGENCE NEWS SERVICE

E-mail = noriohayakawa@gmail.com

{  https://noriohayakawa.wordpress.com/ }

02-08-2016 om 23:23 geschreven door peter  

FBI Files: Historical Figures & Groups - PART I

The following are FBI files of important people throughout history and important events.

Many of the files are broken into different parts, for easier downloading.

Declassified Historical Figure & Groups FBI Files

Albertson, William – [ 2,563 Pages, 125.3 MB ] – William Albertson, an American communist party leader who in 1964 was the subject of a snitch jacket, an FBI project to forge and plant a fictional report identifying him as an informant for the Bureau. (Source: GovernmentAttic.org)

Alinsky, Saul – [ 462 Pages, 31.7 MB ] – Saul David Alinsky (January 30, 1909 – June 12, 1972) was an American community organizer and writer. He is generally considered to be the founder of modern community organizing. He is often noted for his 1971 book Rules for Radicals. In the course of nearly four decades of political organizing, Alinsky received much criticism, but also gained praise from many public figures. His organizing skills were focused on improving the living conditions of poor communities across North America. In the 1950s, he began turning his attention to improving conditions in the African-American ghettos, beginning with Chicago’s and later traveling to other ghettos in California, Michigan, New York City, and a dozen other “trouble spots”. His ideas were adapted in the 1960s by some U.S. college students and other young counterculture-era organizers, who used them as part of their strategies for organizing on campus and beyond. Time magazine wrote in 1970 that “It is not too much to argue that American democracy is being altered by Alinsky’s ideas.” Conservative author William F. Buckley, Jr. said in 1966 that Alinsky was “very close to being an organizational genius”.

Armstrong, Neil – [ 18 Pages, 0.8 MB ] – Neil Alden Armstrong (1930-2012) was a naval aviator and U.S. astronaut. This release consists of 18 pages of FBI file references to Armstrong ranging from 1969 to 1985 relating primarily to requests for FBI name checks in consideration of executive appointment; no derogatory personnel information was found. Redactions were made primarily to protect the privacy of living persons.

Baldrige, Letitia – [ 34 Pages, 1.53 MB ] – Letitia Baldrige (February 9, 1926 – October 29, 2012) was an American etiquette expert and public relations executive who was most famous for serving as Jacqueline Kennedy’s Social Secretary. Known as the “Doyenne of Decorum”, she wrote a newspaper column, ran her own PR firm, and, along with updating Amy Vanderbilt’s Complete Book of Etiquette, she published 20 books and appeared on Late Night with David Letterman and the cover of Time Magazine.

Banister, Guy [ 297 Pages, 32.9 MB ] –  Banister, Guy – Release #2 [ 335 Pages, 20.3 MB ] – William Guy Banister (March 7, 1901 – June 6, 1964) was an employee of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, an Assistant Superintendent of the New Orleans Police Department, and a private investigator. After his death, he gained notoriety from allegations made by New Orleans District Attorney Jim Garrison that he had been involved in the assassination of John F. Kennedy.  He was an avid anti-communist, alleged member of the Minutemen, the John Birch Society, Louisiana Committee on Un-American Activities, and alleged publisher of the Louisiana Intelligence Digest. He also supported various anti-Castro groups in the New Orleans area: “Cuban Democratic Revolutionary Front”; “Anti-Communist League of the Caribbean”; “Friends of Democratic Cuba”. According to the New Orleans States-Item newspaper, “Guy [Banister] participated in every anti-Communist South and Central American revolution that came along, acting as a key liaison man for the U.S. government-sponsored anti-Communist activities in Latin America.”

Barker, Bernard Leon (FBI File) – [ 352 Pages, 23.57 MB ]  Barker, Bernard Leon (Secret Service File) – [ 18 Pages, 0.9 MB ]- Bernard Leon Barker (March 17, 1917 – June 5, 2009) was a Watergate burglar. He had a long career as an undercover operative.

Booth, John Wilkes – [ File #1 | File #2 | File #3 | File #4 ] – These records contain correspondence dated 1922-23 of William J. Burns, former Director of the Bureau of Investigation, concerning a theory that Booth lived many years after the assassination of President Lincoln. Also included are the results of a 1948 examination by the FBI Laboratory of a boot said to be worn by Booth on the night of the assassination and a 1977 examination of a diary belonging to Booth.

Bras, Juan Mari – [19 Pages, 14MB ] – Juan Mari Brás (December 2, 1927 – September 10, 2010) was an advocate for Puerto Rican independence from the United States who founded the Puerto Rican Socialist Party (PSP). On October 25, 2006, he became the first person to receive a Puerto Rican citizenship certificate from the Puerto Rico State Department. These documents were obtained, after a FOIA appeal.

Burning Man – [19 Pages, 6.7 MB ] – Burning Man is an annual gathering that takes place at Black Rock City—a temporary community erected in the Black Rock Desert in Nevada. The event is described as an experiment in community and art, influenced by 10 main principles, including “radical” inclusion, self-reliance and self-expression, as well as community cooperation, gifting and decommodification, and leaving no trace. First held in 1986 on Baker Beach in San Francisco as a small function organized by Larry Harvey and a group of friends, it has since been held annually, spanning from the last Sunday in August to the first Monday in September (the U.S. Labor Day); for example, Burning Man 2015 took place August 30 – September 7, 2015.

Cooper, D.B. – [ 161 Pages, 27.7 MB ] – D. B. Cooper is a media epithet popularly used to refer to an unidentified man who hijacked a Boeing 727 aircraft in the airspace between Portland, Oregon, and Seattle, Washington, on November 24, 1971, extorted $200,000 in ransom (equivalent to $1,160,000 in 2015), and parachuted to an uncertain fate. Despite an extensive manhunt and an ongoing FBI investigation, the perpetrator has never been located or positively identified. The case remains the only unsolved air piracy in American aviation history!

Crouch, Paul Franklin – [ 76 Pages, 33.5 MB ] – Paul Franklin Crouch (March 30, 1934 – November 30, 2013) was an American Christian broadcaster. Crouch, along with his wife Jan, and televangelist Jim Bakker and Tammy Faye Bakker, founded the Trinity Broadcasting Network in 1973 (TBN).

Darrow, Clarence – [ File #1 ] – Clarence Darrow was a lawyer from the 1900’s to 1930’s. There have been many books on him, an estimated number of fifty. He was the best orator of his time and was coveted at all kinds of debates.Once he had moved from Ohio, he quickly became the most successful lawyer in Chicago, and grew to be the most famous lawyer in all of history. This is Miscellaneous material and correspondence regarding the famous attorney.

Estes, Billie Sol – [ 34 Pages, 4.44 MB ] – Billie Sol Estes (January 10, 1925 – May 14, 2013) was an American businessman; a former financier best known for a business scandal that sent him to jail for fraud multiple times and complicated by his ties to friend and future U.S. President Lyndon Johnson. Estes was living in Granbury, Texas at the time of his death. His body was discovered on May 14, 2013 at his home in DeCordova, Texas.Please note: This was a limited release on his full file, which is estimated to be 77,000 pages in length.  I amended my request after some electronic communication with the FBI by stating, “I understand the Estes made some (unfounded) claims about the death of John F. Kennedy towards the end of his life, connecting the murder to LBJ. That’s a small nutshell, but in essence, what I am looking for is anything related to JFK’s assassination and LBJ.”

FBI Undercover Operations and Guidelines – [ File #1 ] – Although not a historical figure file, it does should the history of the FBI and the domestic surveillance programs. I felt it would be a fit here.

Ford, Henry – [ File #1 | File #2 | File #3 | File #4 | File #5 ] – These records consist of seven files involving Henry Ford on various subjects, such as his being the victim of an extortion attempt, kidnapping plots, jury tampering, and a State Department investigation.

Garment, Leonard – [ 338 Pages, 15.26 MB ] – Leonard Garment (May 11, 1924 – July 13, 2013) was an American attorney, public servant, and arts advocate. He served U.S. presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford in the White House in various positions from 1969 to 1976, including Counselor to the President, acting Special Counsel to Nixon for the last two years of his presidency, and U.S. Ambassador to the Third Committee at the United Nations.

Garrison, Jim – [ 160 Pages, 10.13 MB ] – Earling Carothers “Jim” Garrison (November 20, 1921 – October 21, 1992) – who changed his first name to Jim in the early 1960s – was the District Attorney of Orleans Parish, Louisiana, from 1962 to 1973. A member of the Democratic Party, he is best known for his investigations into the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. He was played by Kevin Costner in Oliver Stone’s JFK.Requesting additional records on Garrison, other than the above, the FBI informed me that records may haveBEEN DESTROYED.  In addition, others may exist at the National Archives. I am awaiting a response.

Hammer, Armand – [ File #1 | File #2 | File #3 | File #4 | File #5 | File #6 | File #7 | File #8 | File #9 | File #10 | File #11 | File #12 ] – Noted entrepreneur and art collector Armand Hammer had extensive import-export dealings with the SovietUnion and personally negotiated with Premier Lenin during the 1920’s. He later went into the oil business and became head of the Occidental Petroleum Corporation.

Hart, Pearl M. – [ 34 Pages, 1.76 MB ] – Pearl M. Hart (1890–1975) was a Chicago attorney notable for her work defending oppressed minority groups. Hart was the first woman in Chicago to be appointed Public Defender in the Morals Court. Most notably, she represented children, women, immigrants, lesbians, and gay men, often without fee or for a nominal fee. She attended The John Marshall Law School and was admitted to the Illinois State Bar in 1914.

Helms, Richard – [ 342 Pages, 190 MB ] – Richard McGarrah Helms (March 30, 1913 – October 23, 2002) served as the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) from June 1966 to February 1973. Helms began intelligence work with the Office of Strategic Services during World War II. Following the 1947 creation of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) he rose in its ranks during the Truman, Eisenhower, and Kennedy administrations. Helms then served as DCI under Johnson, then Nixon.

Highlander Folk School – [ 1,376 Pages, 64.50 MB ] – The Highlander Folk School was originally established in Grundy County, Tennessee. When Highlander was founded in 1932, the United States was in the midst of the Great Depression. Workers in all parts of the country were met with major resistance by employers when they tried to organize labor unions, especially in the South. Against that backdrop, Horton, West and Dombrowski created the Highlander School “to provide an educational center in the South for the training of rural and industrial leaders, and for the conservation and enrichment of the indigenous cultural values of the mountains.” Horton was influenced by observing rural adult education schools in Denmark started in the 19th century by Danish Lutheran Bishop N. F. S. Grundtvig.  During the 1930s and 1940s, the school’s main focus was labor education and the training of labor organizers. (Source: Ernie Lazar)

History of the FBI (30 mb) – [ File #1 | File #2 | File #3 | File #4 | File #5 | File #6 | File #7 | File #8 ] – Although not a historical figure file, it does should the history of the FBI and the domestic surveillance programs. I felt it would be a fit here.

Hoover Institution (HQ1-5) – [ 355 Pages, 39.96 MB ] – The Hoover Institution is a conservative American public policy think tank located at Stanford University in California. Its official name is the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace. It began as a library founded in 1919 by Republican Herbert Hoover, Stanford’s self-proclaimed first student, before he became President of the United States. The library, known as the Hoover Institution Library and Archives, houses multiple archives related to Hoover, World War I, World War II, and other world history. (Source: Ernie Lazar)

Hubbard, L. Ron  – [ 1,225 Pages, 75 MB ] – Lafayette Ronald Hubbard (March 13, 1911 – January 24, 1986), better known as L. Ron Hubbard and often referred to by his initials, LRH, was an American author and the founder of the Church of Scientology. After establishing a career as a writer, becoming best known for his science fiction and fantasy stories, he developed a self-help system called Dianetics which was first expounded in book form in May 1950. He subsequently developed his ideas into a wide-ranging set of doctrines and rituals as part of a new religious movement that he called Scientology. His writings became the guiding texts for the Church of Scientology and a number of affiliated organizations that address such diverse topics as business administration, literacy and drug rehabilitation.

Jobs, Steve  – [ 191 Pages, 3.91 MB ] – Steven Paul Jobs (1955-2011) was a founder and leader of Apple Inc. (formerly Apple Computer Inc.). In 1991, Jobs was considered for an appointed position on the U.S. President’s Export Council. This release consists of the FBI’s 1991 background investigation of Jobs for that position and a 1985 investigation of a bomb threat against Apple.

Keating, Charles – [ 122 Pages, 61.66MB ] – Charles Humphrey Keating, Jr. (December 4, 1923 – March 31, 2014) was an American athlete, lawyer, real estate developer, banker, financier, and activist best known for his role in the savings and loan scandal of the late 1980s.

Kennan, George – [ 732 Pages, 55.61 MB ] – George Frost Kennan (February 16, 1904 – March 17, 2005) was an American adviser, diplomat, political scientist, and historian, best known as “the father of containment” and as a key figure in the emergence of the Cold War. He later wrote standard histories of the relations between Soviet Union and the Western powers. He was also a core member of the group of foreign policy elders known as “The Wise Men”. Additional records on Kennan are considered classifed.

Koresh, David – [ File #1 | File #2 ] – David Koresh (born Vernon Wayne Howell; August 17, 1959 – April 19, 1993) was the American leader of the Branch Davidians religious sect, believing himself to be its final prophet. Howell legally changed his name to David Koresh on May 15, 1990 (Koresh being the Persian name of Cyrus the Great (کوروش, Kurosh). A 1993 raid by the U.S. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, and the subsequent siege by the FBI ended with the burning of the Branch Davidian ranch outside of Waco, Texas, in McLennan County. Koresh, 54 other adults, and 28 children were found dead after the fire.

LeFevre, Robert – [ 90 Pages, 29.88 MB ] – Robert LeFevre (13 October 1911 – 13 May 1986) was an American libertarian businessman, radio personality, and primary theorist of autarchism. (Source: Ernie Lazar)

Levison, Stanley – [Part 01|Part 02|Part 03|Part 04|Part 05|Part 06|Part 07|Part 8a|Part 8b|Part 9a|Part 9b|Part 10a|Part 10b|Part 11a|Part 11b|Part 12a|Part 12b|Part 13a|Part 13b|Part 13c|Part 14a|Part 14b|Part 14c] – This FBI file consists of security investigations of Stanley Levison from the 1950’s through the early 1970’s. Levison was a key advisor to Martin Luther King, Jr.

Lewis, John L. – [Part 01[1,605 Pages, 81mb]  |Part 02[ 1,088 Pages, 45mb] ] – John L. Lewis, leader of the United Mine Workers of America, along with three other mine officials, was investigated on charges of violating Section 51 of Title 18 of the United States Code. Between 1937 and 1941 they were accused of conspiring to oppress employees from the Mine “B” in Springfield, Illinois from exercising their rights secured to them by the National Labor Relations Act. After a full investigation by the FBI, the Department of Justice decided not to prosecute the case and it was closed in 1943.

Lindbergh, Charles – [ Part 1a | Part 1b | Part 2a | Part 2b | Part 2c | Part 3a | Part 3b | Part 4a |Part 4b |Part 4c | Part 5a | Part 5b | Part 6a | Part 6b | Part 7a | Part 7b ] – Many citizens wrote to FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover indicating their mistrust of Lindbergh. The populous questioned Lindbergh’s loyalty to the United States. This file consists of letters sent to Director Hoover and newspaper articles written about Mr. Lindbergh.

Mandela, Nelson – [ 344 Pages, 15.77MB ] – Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was South Africa’s first black chief executive, and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election. His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid through tackling institutionalised racism, poverty and inequality, and fostering racial reconciliation. Politically an African nationalist and democratic socialist, he served as President of the African National Congress (ANC) from 1991 to 1997. Internationally, Mandela was Secretary General of the Non-Aligned Movement from 1998 to 1999.

Marshall, Thurgood – [ 1,409 Pages, 47.17MB ] – Thurgood Marshall (July 2, 1908 – January 24, 1993) was an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, serving from October 1967 until October 1991. Marshall was the Court’s 96th justice and its first African American justice. Before becoming a judge, Marshall was a lawyer who was best known for his high success rate in arguing before the Supreme Court and for the victory in Brown v. Board of Education, a decision that desegregated public schools. He served on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit after being appointed by President John F. Kennedy and then served as the Solicitor General after being appointed by President Lyndon Johnson in 1965. President Johnson nominated him to the United States Supreme Court in 1967.

McCone, John – [ 746 Pages, 46.4MB ] – John Alexander McCone (January 4, 1902 – February 14, 1991) was an American businessman and politician who served as Director of Central Intelligence during the height of the Cold War.  After the disaster of the Bay of Pigs Invasion, president John F. Kennedy forced the resignation of the CIA director Allen Dulles and some of his staff. McCone replaced Dulles on November 29, 1961.

Moon, Sun Myung – [ 891 Pages, 61.76MB ] –

National Rifle Association (NRA) HQ1 – [ 211 Pages, 24.08MB ] – The National Rifle Association of America (NRA) is an American nonprofit organization founded in 1871 that promotes firearm competency, safety, and ownership, as well as police training, marksmanship, hunting and self-defense training in the United States. The NRA is also one of the United States’ largest certifying bodies for firearm safety training and proficiency training courses for police departments, recreational hunting, and child firearm safety. The organization publishes several magazines and sponsors marksmanship events featuring shooting skill and sports.This release of documents concerned the FBI’s investigation into the NRA through the 1950s and 1960s, and the public outrage. Very interesting to read the letters submitted to the FBI regarding their probe of the organization. (Source: Ernie Lazar)

Nation of Islam – [ 321 Pages, 15.2MB ] – The Nation of Islam (NOI) is an Islamic religious movement founded in Detroit, United States, by Wallace D. Fard Muhammad on July 4, 1930. The Nation of Islam’s stated goals are to improve the spiritual, mental, social, and economic condition of African Americans in the United States and all of humanity.

National States’ Rights Party – [ 69 Pages, 5.21MB ] – The National States’ Rights Party was a far right, white supremacist party that briefly played a minor role in the politics of the United States.

Pavlick, Richard [ 289 Pages, 16MB ]  United States Secret Service File [ 601 Pages, 29.39MB ]  Secret Service Release #2 [ 9 Pages, 1.7MB ] – Richard Paul Pavlick (February 13, 1887 – November 11, 1975) was a retired postal worker from New Hampshire who stalked U.S. President-Elect John F. Kennedy, with the intent of assassinating him. On December 11, 1960 in Palm Beach, Florida, Pavlick positioned himself to carry out the assassination by blowing up Kennedy and himself with dynamite, but delayed the attempt because Kennedy was with his wife and children. He was then arrested before he was able to stage another attempt.

Phelps, Fred Waldron – [ 232 Pages, 11.1MB ] – Fred Waldron Phelps, Sr. (November 13, 1929 – March 19, 2014) was an American pastor who headed the Westboro Baptist Church (WBC), an independent Baptist church based in Topeka, Kansas. Phelps attained notoriety primarily from his vehemently anti-gay activism and his picketing of funerals of homosexuals and soldiers.

Priebke, Erich (FBI File) – [19 Pages, 24.57MB]  Priebke, Erich (Department of State File)  Priebke, Erich (Department of State File #2) – [67 Pages, 1.2MB] Erich Priebke (29 July 1913 – 11 October 2013) was a German Hauptsturmführer (Captain) in the SS police force (Sipo). In 1996 he was convicted of war crimes in Italy, for participating in the massacre at the Ardeatine caves in Rome on 24 March 1944. 335 Italian civilians (among them 75 Italians of Jewish ancestry) were killed in retaliation for a partisan attack that killed 33 German soldiers. Priebke was one of those held responsible for this mass execution. After the defeat of Nazi Germany, he received help from a bishop stationed in Rome and fled to Argentina on a Vatican passport, where he lived for over 50 years.

Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) – [ 123 Pages, 74.2MB ] – The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is an American public broadcaster and television program distributor. Headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, PBS is an independently operated non-profit organization and is the most prominent provider of television programs to public television stations in the United States, distributing series such as NOVA, Sesame Street, PBS NewsHour, Masterpiece, Nature, American Masters, Frontline, and Antiques Roadshow. This FOIA request began with a $300 estimate on fees ($95 for CD-ROM version), which, although I would normally deny, I was graciously given an anonymous agreement that another person wanted the file released, and would pay the fees.  So, I agreed to the fees, and the request was to be processed accordingly.  Yet, strangely, I was informed there were only 118 pages to be released.  Regardless the reason for this mix-up, here is the file in it’s entirety, along with the original quote letter, and final response.

Rosenberg, Anna M.– [ File #1 18.71MB |  | File #2 34.90MB | File #3 30.93MB | File #4 19.03MB  | File #5 14.24MB  | File #6 17.96MB | File #7 23.96MB  | File #8 20.64MB  | File #9 12.08MB | File #10 4.04MB | File #11 7.53MB  | File #12 20.42MB  | File #13 1.00MB ] [1,843 Total Pages ] – Anna Marie Rosenberg, (June 19, 1902 – May 9, 1983), later Anna Rosenberg Hoffman, was a public official and businesswoman. Born in Budapest, Anna Lederer immigrated with her family to the US in 1912. In 1919 she married Julius Rosenberg, a Jewish American member of the upper class (not to be confused with nuclear spy Julius Rosenberg). During World War II, she served in numerous government positions including regional director of the War Manpower Commission from 1942 to 1945. She ran a consulting business, with customers that included large businesses and public figures. She was awarded the Medal of Freedom in 1945, and was a recipient of the Medal for Merit in 1947, along with two other women, Mary Shotwell Ingraham and Elmira Bears Wickenden. In late 1950, she was nominated for assistant Secretary of Defense. Joseph McCarthy and his staff launched an all-out campaign to oppose her nomination, but she was recommended by the Senate Armed Services Committee. In spite of all opposition, in November 1950 she was named assistant Secretary of Defense, a post she held until January 1953.

Serial Killers in the United States – 1960 to Present – [ File #1 | File #2 ] – Information on serial killers provided by the FBI’s Training Division and Behavioral Science Unit at Quantico, Virginia.

Shepard, Alan (FBI Release) – [171 Pages, 85.1MB]  Shepard, Alan (IRS Release) – [3 Pages, 0.5MB] – 1 responsive record was found and denied in full.  Shepard, Alan (IRS Release #2 – Through the FBI) – [19 Pages, 13.9MB] – To my surprise, in June of 2016, a couple years after my request was closed (I thought), I received these files from the FBI after being released by the IRS.  Shepard, Alan  (Office of Personnel Management / Federal Investigative Services Release) – [37 Pages, 85.1MB] Alan Bartlett “Al” Shepard, Jr. (November 18, 1923 – July 21, 1998), (RADM, USN), was an American naval officer and aviator, test pilot, flag officer, one of the original NASA Mercury Seven astronauts, and businessman, who in 1961 became the second person and the first American to travel into space. This Mercury flight was designed to enter space, but not to achieve orbit. Ten years later, at age 47 and the oldest astronaut in the program, Shepard commanded the Apollo 14 mission, piloting the lander to the most accurate landing of the Apollo missions. He became the fifth and oldest person to walk on the Moon, and the only astronaut of the Mercury Seven to walk on the Moon. During the mission, he hit two golf balls on the lunar surface.

Silkwood, Karen Gay – [ 537 Pages, 33.2MB ] – Karen Gay Silkwood (February 19, 1946 – November 13, 1974) was an American chemical technician and labor union activist known for raising concerns about corporate practices related to health and safety of workers in a nuclear facility. Her mysterious death received extensive coverage and was the subject of a victorious lawsuit against chemical company Kerr-McGee. Silkwood was portrayed by Meryl Streep in Mike Nichols’ 1983 Academy Award-nominated film Silkwood. She worked at the Kerr-McGee Cimarron Fuel Fabrication Site plant near Crescent, Oklahoma, United States. Silkwood’s job was making plutonium pellets for nuclear reactor fuel rods. This plant experienced theft of plutonium by workers during this era. She joined the union and became an activist on behalf of issues of health and safety at the plant as a member of the union’s negotiating team, the first woman to have that position at Kerr-McGee. In the summer of 1974, she testified to the Atomic Energy Commission about her concerns. For three days in November, she was found to have plutonium contamination on her person and in her home. That month, while driving to meet with David Burnham, a New York Times journalist, and Steve Wodka, an official of her union’s national office, she died in a car crash under unclear circumstances. Note: On June 28, 2016, the FBI informed me that additional records (in addition to the above) were destroyed on July 15, 1992. I was informed these records may have pertained to Karen Silkwood, but they are now destroyed. In addition, other records exist at the National Archives, and total 724 total pages; ~647 pages released in full, 39 pages released in redacted form and 37 pages withheld in full. I am unable to purchase them for 80 cents per page, but if anyone would like to, or you are around College Park, Maryland, you can see these files in person, requesting FBI case file 117-HQ-2702, located in the Motion Picture research room.

02-08-2016 om 23:03 geschreven door peter  

FBI Files: Historical Figures & Groups - PART II

Socialist Party – [ File #1 (NYC-3) 23.43MB | File #2 (NYC-4) 28.18MB ] – [ 711 Total Pages ] – Doctor Frederick Charles Schwarz (15 January 1913 – 24 January 2009) was an Australian physician and political activist who founded the Christian Anti-Communism Crusade (CACC). He made a number of speaking tours in the USA in the 1950s, and in 1960 moved his base of operations to California.  He was the author of the international bestseller, You Can Trust The Communists (to be Communists) (Prentice Hall, 1960). Dr Schwarz worked with his wife, Lillian Schwarz, from abroad and, in his later years, at their home in Camden, near Sydney, in the Australian state of New South Wales. (Source: Ernie Lazar)

Society of Former Special Agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation – [ File #1 | File #2 | File #3 | File #4 | File #5 | File #6 | File #7 | File #8 | File #9 | File #10 | File #11 | File #12 ] – [ 3,047 Total Pages ] – The Society of Former Special Agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (SFSAFBI) is the official world-wide benevolent service organization for former Special Agents of the FBI. In 1972, the Society was called “Mr. Hoover’s Loyal Legion” by Nation Magazine. The Society of Former Special Agents was founded in 1937, and its membership, restricted to former Special Agents of the FBI, has grown to almost eight thousand men and women who previously served as Special Agents of the FBI. Located in Dumfries, Virginia, it has 129 nationwide chapters. Through the Former Agents of the FBI Foundation, created by the Society to further its charitable work, it has established several law enforcement awards, including the “Louis E. Peters Memorial Award,” which is jointly awarded by it and the FBI, and is the highest public service award recognized by the FBI. (Source: Ernie Lazar)

Sturgis, Frank (Watergate Burgler) – [ 112 Pages, 57.4MB ]  Sturgis, Frank (Watergate Burgler) Release #2, October 2015 – [ 62 Pages, 17.5MB ] – Frank Anthony Sturgis (December 9, 1924 – December 4, 1993), born Frank Angelo Fiorini, was one of the five Watergate burglars whose capture led to the end of the Presidency of Richard Nixon. He served in several branches of the United States military, aided Fidel Castro in the Cuban revolution of 1958, and worked as an undercover operative.

Wackenhut Corporation – [ File #1 51.0MB | File #2 19.09MB | File #3 30.36MB | File #4 20.36MB ] – [ 1,023 Total Pages ] –  The Wackenhut Corporation was founded in 1954, in Coral Gables, Florida, by George Wackenhut and three partners (all former FBI agents). In 2002 the company was acquired for $570 million by Danish corporation Group 4 Falck (itself then merged to form British company G4S in 2004).[1] In 2010, G4S Wackenhut changed its name to G4S Secure Solutions (USA) to reflect the new business model. (Source: Ernie Lazar)

West, Rev. Donald L. – [ File #1 | File #2 | File #3 | File #4 | File #5 | File #6 | File #7 | File #8| File #9 | File #10 | File #11 | File #12 | File #13 | File #14 |  ] – [ 2,398 Total Pages ] –  No biography available. (Source: Ernie Lazar)

Wheeler, Roger Milton – [1,369 Pages, 56MB ] – Roger Wheeler (February 27, 1926 — May 27, 1981) was an American businessman, the former chairman of Telex Corp. and former owner of World Jai Alai. In 1981, he was murdered at age 55 in his car while preparing to leave Southern Hills Country Club in Tulsa, Oklahoma, following his weekly game of golf. He was purportedly murdered for uncovering an embezzlement scheme that was going on at his business, World Jai Alai. After retiring from the FBI, H. Paul Rico took a job as head of security for World Jai Alai. He saw the perfect opportunity to set up his former confidential informants Whitey Bulger and Steve Flemmi in a skimming operation there. The Winter Hill Gang skimmed $10,000 per week from the parking lot operation at World Jai Alai.  Please note: Check out the bookmarks in the PDF file to differentiate between the file numbers and section IDs of this release.

White Supremacist Groups – [ 78 Pages, 10.94MB ] – White supremacy is the belief of, and/or promotion of the belief, that white people are superior to people of other racial backgrounds and that therefore whites should politically, economically and socially dominate non-whites. The term is also used to describe a political ideology that perpetuates and maintains the social, political, historical and/or industrial dominance of whites. Different forms of white supremacy have different conceptions of who is considered white, and different white supremacist identify various groups as their primary enemy.

Whitman, Charles – [ 757 Pages ] 1335599-0 – Preprocessed CD No Charge Letter – 2678411.pdf 432K1335599-0 – 63-11732 – Section 1 Serial 1 COVER SHEETMediaPage.PDF 100MB 1335599-0 – 63-11732 – Section 2 Serial 47 COVER SHEETMediaPag.PDF 75MB 1335599-0 – 63-11732 – Section 3 Serial 121 COVER SHEETMediaPa.PDF 101MB 1335599-0 – 63-11732-Sub A – Section 1 Serial 1 COVER SHEETMediaPage.PDF 103MB 1335599-0 – Documents – Section 1 Serial COVER SHEETMediaPages.PDF 77MBCharles Joseph Whitman (June 24, 1941 – August 1, 1966) was an American engineering student at the University of Texas, former U.S. Marine, and a mass murderer who killed 16 people. In the early morning hours of August 1, 1966, Whitman murdered his wife and mother in their homes. Later that day, he brought a number of guns, including rifles, a shotgun, and handguns, to the campus of the University of Texas at Austin where, over an approximate 90 to 95 minute period, he killed 14 people and wounded 32 others in a mass shooting in and around the Tower. Whitman shot and killed three people inside the university’s tower and eleven others after firing at random from the 28th-floor observation deck of the Main Building. Whitman was shot and killed by Austin police officer Houston McCoy.

Wolfe, Bertram – [ File #1, 21.4MB | File #2 23.09MB | File #3 14.05MB ] [ 546 Total Pages ] –  Bertram David “Bert” Wolfe (1896–1977) was an American scholar and former communist best known for biographical studies of Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, Leon Trotsky, and Diego Rivera. (Source: Ernie Lazar)

{  http://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive }

02-08-2016 om 23:02 geschreven door peter  

Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS) Documents on Unidentified Submerged Objects or USOs

Background

According to the NAVY, the NCIS has the following mission:

The Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS) is the federal law enforcement agency charged with conducting investigations of felony-level offenses affecting the Navy and Marine Corps – that is, crimes punishable by confinement for more than one year.

NCIS also performs investigations and operations aimed at identifying and neutralizing foreign intelligence, international terrorist, and cyber threats to the Department of the Navy.

In addition, it provides warning of threats and specialized defensive force protection support to U.S. naval forces around the world.

Recently, I requested a copy of all NCIS investigations, which involved USOs and other unidentified objects found in the water.

To my surprise, some documents came up.

They can be downloaded below:

Declassified Documents

 Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS) Documents on Unidentified Submerged Objects or USOs  [54 Pages, 8.9MB]

{  http://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/ }

02-08-2016 om 22:49 geschreven door peter  

Winston Churchill’s X-Files: Top secret UFO probe revealed

SIR Winston Churchill ordered a top secret investigation into flying saucers – and may have covered-up evidence of aliens.

{ http://www.dailystar.co.uk/ }

31-07-2016 om 22:44 geschreven door peter  

NASA warns of asteroid that could hit Earth causing 'immense suffering and death'

BY SCOTT CAMPBELL

The huge asteroid can be seen every six years from Earth – but a change in its orbit could send it right for us

Spacecraft Will Examine Asteroid Bennu Using X-rays | Video

https://youtu.be/oItXLb0fIH4

OSIRIS-REx Tech – Surveying an Asteroid with Light

https://youtu.be/aYmgc9XL_Vs

NASA scientists have issued a stark warning over an asteroid that could hit the Earth causing “immense suffering and death”.

The space agency is sending a probe to collect rock samples from the asteroid dubbed 'Bennu'.

Bennu can be seen every six years from Earth – but in 2135 it is expected to pass between us and the Moon.

That could tweak its orbit and set it on a direct course for our planet.

Experts fear that such a change will result in mass destruction, with Nasa investigator Dante Lauretta warning: “It may be destined to cause immense suffering and death."

The professor of planetary science is leading the mission to collect rock samples from the asteroid, which he says could provide “vital data for future generations”.

The Osiris-Rex probe will arrive in 2018 then spend a year surveying Bennu, which orbits the sun at 63,000mph.

Scientists are hoping that information gathered on the trip will help them to work out how the asteroid’s course is affected by absorbing and radiating sunlight.

The probe will then head back to Earth where it will arrive in 2023, The Sunday Times reported .

Bennu is approximately 500m in diameter, and asteroids of this size would create craters 7 km across and the equivalent of a magnitude 7 earthquake.

In turn that would cause significant damage across an area of 500km, according to Michael Busch, Planetary Astronomer at the SETI Institute.

By comparison, the fictitious asteroid in the Bruce Willis film Armageddon was 600 MILES wide.

{ http://www.mirror.co.uk/ }

31-07-2016 om 22:16 geschreven door peter  

Alien-shaped skull from 2,000 years ago sparks fresh claims mankind was visited by extraterrestrial beings

BY SCOTT CAMPBELL

Scientists discovered the remains in Russia and think they are thousands of years old

Archaeologists have found the remains of an ancient woman with an elongated skull sparking fresh claims that mankind was once visited by aliens .

When pictures of the humanoid figure with the egg-shaped skull were published, UFO watchers rushed to insist it was proof that aliens had once visited Earth.

Scientists however claimed that the discovered remains - found in Arkaim, in central Russia’s Chelyabinsk Oblast region - were around two thousand years old.

Experts were left wondering what the cause was for the bizarre shaped-skull, was it a new type of human?

CEN

Archaeological museum head Maria Makurova, who analysed the remains, said: "Her skull was elongated because the tribe did so by tying up the heads of their children with rope. It was clearly a tradition in the tribe."

Ms Makurova added: "Most likely this is a woman who lived 1,800 to 2,000 years ago."

It is reported that anthropologists will continue working on the skeleton to determine the exact sex and age of the skeleton.

Apart from the peculiar skeleton, archaeologists have discovered an iron knife, ceramic whorls, small beads, as well as fragments of a ceramic jug.

It is reported that last year archaeologists had made a similar discovery.

On the territory of a burial ground, they found the well-preserved skeleton of a nomad with an elongated skull and the remains of two other men.

CEN

All the discovered remains belonged to Sarmatians - an ancient tribe that moved on the territory of modern Ukraine, Kazakhstan and southern Russia.

It is believed that Sarmatians deliberately tied their skulls down, making it elongated in order to create a distinctive feature of the tribe.

{ http://www.mirror.co.uk/ }

31-07-2016 om 22:03 geschreven door peter  

UFO Theory, Sightings, Research, Reports

What Are UFOs and Where Do They Come From

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UFO Theories

1. Extraterrestrial Hypothesis

The extraterrestrial hypothesis (ETH) is the belief that UFOs are vehicles from other planets that contain intelligent life for the purpose of visiting earth. 

 

This being the most popular view among the public has been losing ground among those that have given Ufology serious study and thought over a long period of time. This is the perception that Hollywood has romanticized and advanced to the public but is probably the least likely. The chances of intelligent life climbing into to some type of space vehicle and visiting earth are pretty slim. Back in the 1930's this was the main theory put forward, since then physics and science have advanced to the point of making this theory almost irrelevant. It now seems that this is far too a simple explanation and in fact does not explain all the strange things reported by witnesses. The universe is not really as complex as one might think but it is full of things and knowledge that man has yet to comprehend or experience so the simple Hollywood explanation is probably far from realistic.

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2. Conspiracy Theory

A UFO conspiracy theory is any one of many often overlapping conspiracy theories which argue that evidence of the reality of UFOs is being suppressed by various governments around the world. The prevailing thought is that earth governments, especially the United States and to a lesser extent Russia are in communication & cooperation with ETs and even allowing for a certain number and type of alien abductions.

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3. Portals

As of 2012 portals have moved from theoretical to reality. A NASA-sponsored researcher at the University of Iowa has developed a way for spacecraft to hunt down hidden magnetic portals in the vicinity of Earth. These portals link the magnetic field of our planet to that of the sun.The existence of portals would go a long way in explaining the erratic and very short duration of many UFO sightings. Could it be possible that UFOs are only seen as they "uncloak" just prior to entering or exiting a portal. Since we know that portals exist between planet earth and the sun than it only stands to reason that portals would exist between galaxies. This would explain why we have not found anybody living in our immediate neighborhood. Maybe there is an abundance of life in the universe but not in our Milky Way. It could be they are traversing the galaxies using these portals or hyperlinks. 

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4. Wormhole Theory

There is no observational evidence for wormholes, but on a theoretical level there are valid solutions to the equations of the theory of general relativity which containwormholes . Because of its robust theoretical strength, a wormhole is also known as one of the great physics metaphors for teaching general relativity.This sounds very Hollywood but the idea of bending distance and time has been around for years. In theory this works and as a practical matter it could explain the vast distances intelligent life would have to travel to visit earth. This moves the ETH "From Another Planet Theory" to a entirely new level. 

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5. Ancient Alien Theory

This theory is gaining in popularity and it proposes that extraterrestrial beings have been visiting earth since the advent of man. It puts forward that early man was in direct contact with these entities even benefiting from alien technology to build various pyramids and structures around the world. There is some strong evidence that man was much more advanced than originally thought or did have technological support from unknown resources. Proponents suggest that this contact influenced the development of human beings and that man's DNA may have an alien variant. Due to mans lack of sophistication, knowledge and technology these aliens were misidentified as religious deities or Gods and their technology were evidence of their divine status. Early writings and scriptures,such as, Vedas Scriptures, various San-script writings (from India, China, Pakistan) and even the Bible seem to confirm this hypothesis.

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6. Biological Theory (Atmospheric Life Forms)

When you stop and give this aspect of the UFO equation some thought this really has to be true. We know that life is tenacious, persistent and procreates just about anywhere at anytime under almost any conditions.
Why should this aspect of life be any different in space or in the greater universe. There are some laws that are truly universal,one of them is that life will find a way to flourish even in the most adverse and unexpected circumstances. To read about biological UFOs.

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7. Quantum Physics

Quantum Physics has been around since the 1920 but we are only just beginning to understand what it really is and what it means to mankind. When the possibility of more than one universe was mention it was pretty radical stuff. Even today quantum physics is just on the fringe of mainstream discussion. It is always hard for us to believe in things that we cannot see or fully understand. 

While at a glance this may seem like just another strange theory, it contains many clues as to the fundamental nature of the universe and is more important then even relativity in the grand scheme of things . Furthermore, it describes the nature of the universe as being much different then the world we see.

Ronald Reagan (attempting to prove the existence of God) once said that he wanted to invite 20 atheist to the White House for a grand meal. After the meal was devoured he was going to ask his guest if they believed that there was a cook in the kitchen even though they never saw him/her. Sometimes you just have to believe in things that you cannot see, feel or touch.

As Niels Bohr said, "Anyone who is not shocked by quantum theory has not understood it." For an article on the top 10 ways quantum physics will change our lives.

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8. Alternative Dimensions, Realms or Universes

Theories with more than one dimension of time have occasionally been advanced in physics, whether as a serious description of reality or just as a curious possibility. This theory is gaining momentum as more and more scientist believe in quantum physics. If you believe like many respected scientist have come to believe that there are multiverses (more than one universe) than it is not that much of a stretch to believe that beings could be traveling between universes (dimensions). This does necessarily mean that intelligent life forms are "time traveling" but they are simply traveling between dimensions, realms or universes.

 

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9. Hollow Earth Theory

This theory proposes that the planet earth is either entirely hollow or 

otherwise contains a substantial interior space. In the early 19th century an American eccentric, John Cleves Symmes (1779-1829), sought funding for an expedition to enter the earth through one of two 4,000-mile wide polar holes. Inside the Earth, he was convinced, a benevolent advanced civilization existed.

Though an object of derision to most people, some took him seriously, and the idea of a hollow Earth was championed in a number of books throughout the rest of the century and right into the next.Today, hollow-earthers believe flying saucers travel in and out of the polar holes. The people inside are descendants of Atlantis and its Pacific equivalent, Lemuria.

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10. Earthlights, Ball Lightening Hypothesis

People have reported seeing ball lightning—a rare phenomenon that resembles a glowing sphere of electricity—for hundreds of years. Ball lightning often appears during thunderstorms and typically glows, spins, hisses, bounces, and floats. But scientists still can't explain what causes it, or even exactly what it is. (although in 2006 Brazil's physicist Antonia Pavoa believes he recreated it in a lab)

Related to the balls of light hypothesis is the earthlights or earthquake lights hypothesis which is based on the work of various independent researchers who have attempted to link UFO sightings where geological faults and geomagnetic fluctuations occur.

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11. Man-Made UFOs / Back Engineered Technology

Governments and military have been attempting to emulate the performance of UFOs for decades. Pilots (especially since WWII) have reported that these craft have performed phenomenal feats and are capable of speeds that far exceeds our current technology. A good example of these efforts can be understood by reading about the AVRO Corporation which mysteriously and abruptly closed their doors in 1962. Follow this link for a list of the top 11 man-made UFOs that were made on earth.

Ever since the famous Roswell Incident of 1947 there has been serious speculation that the US military has attempted to back engineer UFO technology. In the event that the US military actually took possession of this type of technology it would have been only natural to do so. There have been claims by high ranking officials that other technologies were discovered at the same time which include, night vision capabilities, lasers, bullet proof vest to name just a few. Follow this link for a list of 12 technologies that were developed in the 1950's and 60's that may have had alien origin. 

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12. Other UFO Theories 

TheoriesThere are other theories about where UFOs comes from and the reason we see them but they are too numerous to go into here. Some of those theories include.

• Cryptoterrestrial Hypothesis - The belief that extraterrestrial intelligence is not of our planet, but living among us. 
• Electromagnetic Hypothesis - Earths magnetic fields affect human perception (similar to earthlights). 
• Geophysical Locations - Certain geophysical locations have a strong effect on human consciousness (similar to earthlights). 
• Hoax - The theory that all UFOs are fake and perpetrated on the public intentionally, for a short video on how to spot a hoax UFO sighting. 
• Mass Delusion - For multiple witnesses, sometimes thousands to have a false belief bordering on psychotic, examples include Phoenix Lights and the Belgium Wave. 
• Misidentified Hypothesis - All UFOs are man made or natural. 
• Paranormal Hypothesis - Paranormal activity causes the human mind to materialize objects. 
• Phyccotronic Hypothesis - The belief that the UFO phenomena is the result of the manifestation of the human subconscious. 
• Psycho-Social Hypothesis - This theory says people are a product of their social environment and human behavior explains UFOs, such as, wishful thinking, hallucinations, misidentification etc. This is a one size fits all explanation.

Here is a Condensed History of the UFO.
Important, well documented Landmark UFO Cases.
More recent Most Credible UFO Cases.
Pre-1900 UFO Cases.

{ http://www.educatinghumanity.com/ }

31-07-2016 om 18:12 geschreven door peter  

The Vatican Unleashes Their Top Astronomer To Talk About Aliens

Pope's astronomer to talk aliens

Also on the bill is Auckland University of Technology microbiologist Professor Steve Pointing,  who has worked with Nasa in researching extreme lifeforms. Photo / Sarah Ivey

Aliens will be on the agenda when Great Barrier Island, population 939, brings the Pope's astronomer and other top scientists to a quirky public event.

The one-day festival, called "Is There Life out There?", follows a similar event last year that was organised by the island-based Awana Rural Women group and attracted around 12 per cent of Great Barrier's residents.

But the coming summit, planned for mid-September, would be a stellar step up, with the speakers list including Brother Guy Consolmagno, director of the Vatican Observatory, top US planetary scientist Dr Faith Vilas, and Gino Acevedo, the Weta Digital creative art director behind such films as Avatar and King Kong.

Also on the bill is Auckland University of Technology microbiologist Professor Steve Pointing, who has worked with Nasa in researching extreme lifeforms that can survive in polar cold and desert heat.

The group's president, Gendie Somerville-Ryan, chuckled when asked how these heavyweights had been pulled to such a remote spot.

"Well, it's just never good luck is it?"

The group was fortunate to have among its members Dr Ann Sprague, a retired University of Arizona planetary scientist who studied light data from Mars and already had connections with Dr Vilas and Dr Consolmagno.

"So we did have an in there, but then it's not just about having a contact -- it's that these people have to actually be willing to come, and they're even paying for themselves to come here," Somerville-Ryan said.

"Partly I think it was the attraction of people being able to come to a small isolated community, where we are desperate for knowledge, basically."

The Hauraki Gulf island, accessible only by plane or ferry, was well served with most amenities, "but mind-wise, it's a bit harder".

She was inspired by a festival that began in Canada 20 years ago, where a scientific topic was explored from different angles.

Last year's inaugural event focused on pandemics, and attracted a virologist, a Civil Defence expert and a science fiction writer.

"It was so successful that everyone just said, when's the next one?"

Again, the festival would address the topic from four perspectives: where did life come from, how does humanity fit into the universe, why do aliens appear the way they do in film, and how are we searching for other lifeforms?

"You can cover a lot of different angles, all with the purpose of providing education that meets a lot of peoples' interests."

The group also persued directors Sir Peter Jackson and James Cameron, but were unable to land them.

Still, she expected the talent on offer in September would more than satisfy locals.

"It's amazing. We're extremely privileged."

Along with the main panel discussion, the festival would involve breakout sessions and an art exhibition and book month event at the local library.

The Auckland Astronomical Society also plans to run an educational programme on the island during the week, giving local school students and adults the chance to see the stars through an eight-inch telescope.

Small island, big names

Brother Guy Consolmagno 

• Brother Guy Consolmagno: an astronomer, Jesuit Brother, director of the Vatican Observatory and president of the Vatican Observatory Foundation. He'll discuss the interface between science and humanity, exploring such issues as our place in the universe and what it would mean to us if life was found out there.

• Dr Faith Vilas: Project scientist at the United States Planetary Science Institute, who directs a National Science Foundation programme in charge of solar system and exoplanets grants. She'll discuss the search for life in the stars, where we are looking, how we are looking and what we are looking for.

• Gino Acevedo: Creative art director and textures head of department at Weta Digital, who worked on Avatar, King Kong, The Hobbit and Lord of The Rings. He'll speak about the human imagination when it comes to aliens, discussing what makes aliens friendly or fierce and why we depict them as we do.

• Professor Steve Pointing: An Auckland University of Technology microbiologist who has worked with Nasa in researching extreme lifeforms that can survive in polar cold and desert heat. His research and fascination with astrobiology has given insights into how life might exist on other planets.

{  http://www.educatinghumanity.com/ } 

31-07-2016 om 17:54 geschreven door peter  

UFOs Are Monitoring Our Nuclear Facilities - New Film Bring Forward Hundreds of Witnesses

I-Team: New film claims UFOs monitored nuclear weapons

Officially, the U.S. government ended its study of UFOs in 1969 because -- it assured the public -- there is no proof the phenomena represents a threat to national security.

But what if these unknown aircraft showed an interest in our nuclear weapons?

Multiple Military Witness Have Seen UFOs

A group of more than 150 military veterans, missile officers, and security personnel, including many who worked at the Nevada Test Site, say they've seen mystery intruders over nuclear facilities.

In the darkest days of the Cold War, atomic weapons were routinely exploded above ground at the Nevada Test Site, the most nuked placed on earth.

In 1955, 14 A-bombs were detonated as part of Operation Teapot, witnessed by thousands of military personnel in trenches, and by thousands of test site employees. But there were other observers as well.

"It was what we called flying saucers. They were pretty prevalent at the test site back then," said a former test site photographer.

At least a dozen former test site employees have told similar stories about unknown aircraft showing up hours or days after an atomic blast.

 

Forty Years of Fact Finding

Author and investigator Robert Hastings has spent more than 40 years locating and interviewing military veterans, missile officers, and others who worked in various parts of the atomic weapons program, more than 150 of them so far. They've all told the same story.

"That, in fact, UFOs have routinely monitored our nuclear weapons dating back decades and that, on occasion, apparently have interfered with the functionality of those weapons," Hastings said.

In addition to the eyewitness accounts, thousands of pages of formerly-classified documents have been released to buttress these stories.

The I-Team's own Freedom of Information Act request filed in 1992 produced a thick stack of documents from the Department of Energy, indicating UFO incidents over every major atomic weapons facility dating to the late 1940s, over Los Alamos national lab, where the bombs were designed, over Hanford, where the plutonium was processed, but DOE has no records of any official sightings over what later became the Nevada Test Site. Hastings however, has found plenty.

"Civilians living near the proving grounds observed UFOs sometimes flying in formations and reported them to the ....."

New UFO Documentary

This is a clip from a new documentary, the culmination of Hastings' years of research. The film includes chilling incidents where UFOs have not only infiltrated restricted airspace over nuclear missile bases, but on occasion, have disabled ICBMs (intercontinental ballistic missiles) and put the military on high alert. In one dramatic incident from the film, military photographers using telescopic lenses watched a UFO disable a warhead used in a missile test fired from Vandenberg.

"Flying over the Pacific suddenly this domed disc came into frame, circled the warhead, which is flying at 8 or 10,000 miles-per-hour, shot four beams of light at it, whereupon the dummy warhead fell into the Pacific Ocean and the UFO left the vicinity," Hastings said.

UFO incidents at the Nevada Test Site became so routine, according to a former security officer named Walter Levine, that teams were assigned the job of specifically looking for them from inside a specially-equipped building at Indians Springs Air Force Base now known as Creech. Levine told Hastings:

Disc Shaped, Square Shaped UFOs

"They were all luminous, they were disc-shaped, some of them were square-shaped. We were to pick up a telephone in this little shack. There was no dial tone. A voice would just come on. We would read off all these coordinates, the direction of the object, etcetera, then when we wrote this stuff down on a piece of paper, we were to burn the paper in a trash can in the shack," Hastings said.

The government ended atomic weapons tests years ago, but Nevada incidents continue. Former security officers at Area 2 at Nellis Air Force Base, for years a storage facility for up to 200 nuclear warheads, have reported multiple intrusions by unknown aircraft from the late 1990s through 2004.

What is the Motivation of the UFO Occupants

Who's behind these incidents and why?

"Who knows what their motivation is?" Hastings said.

Similar incidents have been reported in the UK, India, Pakistan and other nuclear powers. In the 1990s, the I-Team traveled to Russia twice and obtained classified documents about frightening incidents there.

{ http://www.educatinghumanity.com/ }

31-07-2016 om 17:37 geschreven door peter