The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
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Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld Ontdek de Fascinerende Wereld van UFO's en UAP's: Jouw Bron voor Onthullende Informatie!
Ben jij ook gefascineerd door het onbekende? Wil je meer weten over UFO's en UAP's, niet alleen in België, maar over de hele wereld? Dan ben je op de juiste plek!
België: Het Kloppend Hart van UFO-onderzoek
In België is BUFON (Belgisch UFO-Netwerk) dé autoriteit op het gebied van UFO-onderzoek. Voor betrouwbare en objectieve informatie over deze intrigerende fenomenen, bezoek je zeker onze Facebook-pagina en deze blog. Maar dat is nog niet alles! Ontdek ook het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt en Caelestia, twee organisaties die diepgaand onderzoek verrichten, al zijn ze soms kritisch of sceptisch.
Nederland: Een Schat aan Informatie
Voor onze Nederlandse buren is er de schitterende website www.ufowijzer.nl, beheerd door Paul Harmans. Deze site biedt een schat aan informatie en artikelen die je niet wilt missen!
Internationaal: MUFON - De Wereldwijde Autoriteit
Neem ook een kijkje bij MUFON (Mutual UFO Network Inc.), een gerenommeerde Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in de VS en wereldwijd. MUFON is toegewijd aan de wetenschappelijke en analytische studie van het UFO-fenomeen, en hun maandelijkse tijdschrift, The MUFON UFO-Journal, is een must-read voor elke UFO-enthousiasteling. Bezoek hun website op www.mufon.com voor meer informatie.
Samenwerking en Toekomstvisie
Sinds 1 februari 2020 is Pieter niet alleen ex-president van BUFON, maar ook de voormalige nationale directeur van MUFON in Vlaanderen en Nederland. Dit creëert een sterke samenwerking met de Franse MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP, wat ons in staat stelt om nog meer waardevolle inzichten te delen.
Let op: Nepprofielen en Nieuwe Groeperingen
Pas op voor een nieuwe groepering die zich ook BUFON noemt, maar geen enkele connectie heeft met onze gevestigde organisatie. Hoewel zij de naam geregistreerd hebben, kunnen ze het rijke verleden en de expertise van onze groep niet evenaren. We wensen hen veel succes, maar we blijven de autoriteit in UFO-onderzoek!
Blijf Op De Hoogte!
Wil jij de laatste nieuwtjes over UFO's, ruimtevaart, archeologie, en meer? Volg ons dan en duik samen met ons in de fascinerende wereld van het onbekende! Sluit je aan bij de gemeenschap van nieuwsgierige geesten die net als jij verlangen naar antwoorden en avonturen in de sterren!
Heb je vragen of wil je meer weten? Aarzel dan niet om contact met ons op te nemen! Samen ontrafelen we het mysterie van de lucht en daarbuiten.
15-06-2016
Alien Egyptian Skull Found On Mars, Lets Take A Second Look, June 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Alien Egyptian Skull Found On Mars, Lets Take A Second Look, June 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: unknown Location of discovery: Mars Source NASA photo:
Here is a great redo of one of the most amazing faces ever found. A giant skull on a mountain. Also in this photo are a lot of signs of broken cornerstones, walls, and other parts of structures strewn about. Clearly this location was once a thriving community. Great work by Paranormal Crucible at retouching it to make it more clear, and to see what it might have looked like when it was new. But what is this material they used to make their buildings, heads and such? It looks like its a simple mix of the blueish sand found on Mars, mixed with some kind of cement mixture to give it lasting strength. Much how we make cement for buildings and sidewalks. Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com
Paranormal Cruciblestates: I decided to take a second look at this artifact and do a little more enhancing and re-building to get a better idea of what it actually was. It is an elongated skull, possibly thousands of years old in my opinion. I also mirrored the image and discovered a possible skull encrusted altar with a pyramid either side, and a possible alien head-dress. I will be enhancing the mirrored image in a few days and will either create a video report on it or i will post the image on my facebook page, so far its very interesting. Thanxx
60 Meter Giant Squid Found On Google Earth, The Legends Are Real! June 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
60 Meter Giant Squid Found On Google Earth, The Legends Are Real! June 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: April 9, 2016
Location of sighting: Near Deception Island
This looks like the Kraken. I used Google ruler and it says this is 30 meters (100 feet) from head to end, but the end looks like just the mid area of a giant squid, which means it could be 60+ meters long with tentacles. That sounds like a Kraken to me. Maybe the stories about the giant monster of the deep are all true. A lot of storers are based on truths. I think we found the Kraken.
No idea what this is but it's circulating a few places right now and when I saw it, it IMMEDIATELY made me think of a Plesiosaur fin. Was hard to see from the images I was seeing so I went there on my own, to Google Earth. Here's what I found and how you get there. That's one massive disturbance in the ocean down there and who knows what really caused it. Maybe now we know the source of The Bloop! Go there on Google Earth and form your own opinion. Coords below if you don't want to follow in vid. nav: 63° 2'56.73"S 60°57'32.38"W
Jetpacks are One Step Closer to Becoming Standard for U.S. Soldiers
Jetpacks are One Step Closer to Becoming Standard for U.S. Soldiers
Futurism M.A
IN BRIEF
Jetpack Aviation, the company that made the JB 9, has revealed to the Wall Street Journal that they are in talks with the U.S. military to further develop their jetpack technology.
ROCKET MEN
Back in 2015, the world was given a real treat as the first true jetpack was unveiled. More interesting, however, is that the innovation drew attention from the U.S. Military.
The Wall Street Journal reports that Jetpack Aviation is in talks with U.S. special forces for the development of a militaristic jetpack. The WSJ said that the company now has a research and development agreement with the U.S. Special Operations Command for the development of a four-turbine jetpack that will lift twice the weight as current models, and require twice the fuel.
The company’s current version of the jetpack is the JB9. In development for about 10 years and costing around $10 million, it is an 85-pound aluminum and carbon-fiber machine that burns 11 gallons of jet fuel for a 10-minute flight.
Further improvements to the JB 9 could include rocket-propelled parachutes, for use during unscheduled landings. For this, the nine-person firm is now seeking a $2-$5 million investment. It hopes to bring its jetpack to market for about $250,000 a piece.
A CLUTTERED FIELD
While Jetpack Aviation has certainly made strides in the field, it is far from the only player. The one closest to market is the Martin Jetpack, produced by Martin Aircraft Co. Ltd. produced in New Zealand. While it bends some of the jetpack rules by having the pilot strap himself into the machine, it has a maximum flight time of 30 minutes and a price tag of at least $250,000.
Meanwhile, former Swiss Army fighter pilot Yves “Jetman” Rossy has unveiled his “jetwing,” a 7-foot carbon-fiber wing with four small jet engines. It can reach 322 kph (200 mph) and fly for about 10 minutes. While French jet-ski champion, Franky Zapata, has set the Guinness world record for “farthest flight by hoverboard,” using the Flyboard Air, a hoverboard that runs on jet fuel.
Even in the most fantastical innovations do we see capitalism work its way to give us, the consumers, the best-finished product.
A study by a Harvard graduate student hints at the existence of ancient planets richer in carbon than normal planets, which bodes well for the possibility of life in the early universe.
TAR-BLACK PLANETS
The first potentially habitable planets in the universe may have had a very different composition from our Earth. A new study explores the possibility that a class of carbon-rich, “anemic stars” host tar-black, carbon planets, which form as carbon dust clumps together into masses. Researchers believe this will help us figure out how the early universe started— before supernovae seeded the universe with heavy elements.
The research proposes that these planets were filled with diamond, carbon, and graphite, and can be distinguished by identifying a certain class of stars suspected of hosting them.
These host stars are a rare class of old stars that have very little iron—around 100,000 times less than that of our Sun—known as carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars. These objects have more carbon content than other stars of their age, and the carbon dust around them can develop into carbon-rich planets within the CEMP star’s protoplanetary disk.
The black, extremely low-albedo surface of a carbon planet.
“These stars are fossils from the young universe,” explains Avi Loeb, PhD thesis advisor of Natalie Mashian, the research student at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics who led the study. “By studying them, we can look at how planets, and possibly life in the universe, got started.”
“We have good reason to believe that alien life will be carbon-based, like life on Earth, so this also bodes well for the possibility of life in the early universe,” Mashian adds.
Artist’s depiction of how carbon affects the molecular conditions for life in the universe. NASA/Jenny Mottar
THE SEARCH IS ON
It would be difficult, however, to tell these unusual planets apart visually. But there’s one surefire method: Testing their atmospheres for methane and carbon monoxide, compounds that such planets should have in abundance.
While there is no definitive proof yet that these planets exist, the transit technique could be used to detect potential CEMP stars, which would hopefully lead astronomers to the discovery of these unusual planets.
After all, weirder things have been found lurking out in the universe of late. “We’ll never know if they exist unless we look,” says Mashian.
New Research Shows Skin Cells “Walking” To Wound Sites
New Research Shows Skin Cells “Walking” To Wound Sites
Washington State University
IN BRIEF
New research from Washington State University shows that skin cells "walk" when a wound needs to be repaired.
Given how much we already know about human biology, it is astounding what we are still learning about our own bodies. Take, for example, skin. We have been using skin cells to do all kinds of amazing things, like make other organs and cells, but up until now, we never saw them walk.
But apparently, that’s what research from Washington State University is showing us (though to be honest, it looks a little more like shuffling to me) The study, published in FASEB Journal,shows that skins cells will alter the proteins holding them in place and move to repair a wound.
Normal skin cells are held in place by contact with surrounding cells and proteins that bind them to underlying connective tissue. The researchers saw how cells in the epidermis will dissolve the glue that binds them and reuse some of the proteins to move to seal a wound site. The cells will also grow more cells to form new, healed skin.
While the process behind it will still need further study, being able to manipulate the phenomenon will mean better wound healing, especially for the elderly and diabetics.
Developments and improvements in the process and the materials in the field of 3D printing have taken up applications in different sectors. 3D printing industry applications range from aerospace design to health care. However, one application that will put a smile on your face is helping injured animals.
A team of doctors in Sao Paulo has come together because of their common love for science and animals. The team, known as ‘Animal Avengers,’ has successfully reconstructed artificial beaks for three toucans, a parrot, and a goose. They have designed the first ever titanium prosthetic pecker for a Macaw and built a brand new plastic-based replacement hull for a traumatized tortoise.
A tortoise whose shell was completely burnt in a bush fire was fighting for its life when Animal Avengers came to his rescue. The reptile named Freddy is the world’s first turtle with a 3D-printed prosthetic shell.
The team explained that this task was very difficult. Graphic designer Cicero Moraes explained the process: “It took about 40 photos [to build a model and reconstruct the shell]. We took a healthy animal, took the same 40 photos, reconstructed that animal in 3D and put it into the computer.”
To create the complete shell, the design was printed out with the help of a desktop printer in four individual pieces using a low-cost corn-derived material. These four pieces were later slotted together like a jigsaw puzzle. It took 50 hours to print a single piece.
Image courtesy sciencealert.com
Nidhi Goyal
Nidhi is a gold medalist Post Graduate in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences. You can also find Nidhi on Google+.
In the summer of 1985, a strange light was observed by thousands of onlookers as it passed through the skies over Santiago, Chile. Among the observers present, a number of them believed they knew the origins of this seemingly “alien” craft, thanks to a story that had risen to popularity after appearing on the Chilean television program Ovni,which dealt with a mysterious island off the Southwest coast of Chile.
This object, they believed, belonged to the strange inhabitants of a place called Friendship Island.
Researcher Diego Zúñiga summarized the incident in an article for the Chilean magazine La Nave de los Locos, which also appeared later at the Magonia blog. In it, Zúñiga notes that the incident became so sensational that, “the news department of Television Nacional de Chile, channel 7, used a special camera to record the object on videotape.” The object, however, was later revealed to have had earthly origins, and nothing having to do with the supposed “Friendship”: it was merely a weather balloon, released as part of a French stratospheric research project one month earlier.
“Too many people refused to accept the sad reality,” Zúñiga wrote, “and today they still insist that it was, in fact, a ship manned by inhabitants of Friendship Island.”
Indeed, the majority of the sources of information available on the web that discuss the sordid details of the Friendship Island affair still attribute the entire things to “alien beings” who, rather strangely, were said to resemble humans of Nordic appearance. Based on this description, a variety of alternative theories have emerged as well that suggest everything from a secret base where escaped Nazis were keeping various technologies hidden, to more fanciful ideas about a joint-project between these Germans and American intelligence agencies, collaborating on a South American equivalent to Nevada’s most infamous USAF installation, Area 51.
Area 51, viewed distantly from Tikaboo Peak.
Apart from all the speculation, it is hard to know what to make of the Friendship Island stories. Back in the summer of 2012, I wrote a short piece on it here at Mysterious Universe, which despite only recounting a few of the most basic details of the case, went on to become one the of more popular English-language articles on the subject; in truth, this says much less about the depth of the article in question, but rather, it shows us just how little is known of the Friendship case outside the Spanish-speaking world.
In that original article, I detailed the essentials on how the story of the Friendship Island affair began, which presents most of the story’s key players:
It was 1984, someplace near the Southern coast of Chile, and a mysterious distress signal had just buzzed across the receiver of ham radio operator Octavio Ortiz. A business agent who operated a small 27-megacycle CB station in his pastime, Ortiz, who went by the ham operator’s handle Lucero or “bright star,” was mystified by what he was hearing, as it seemed to have to do with a bright celestial object of an entirely different kind.
The captain of a ship called the Mitilus II had been sending these strange messages Ortiz had intercepted, which pertained to an object in the sky it had been following… or perhaps, had been followed by. The Mitilius II was tasked under the Department of Oceanography for the nearby University of Chile, and had been in an approach for the Mitague lighthouse when a strange, bright object had appeared in the sky, then slowly began to descend. By the time Ortiz had come across the messages from Alberto, this strange object was now hovering directly over the distressed captain’s ship.
Shortly after Alberto’s distress messages were received by Ortiz, the light over his ship had apparently already gone. However, Alberto and Ortiz remained in communication after the incident, via their CB radios, and it was eventually related by Alberto that he had been hired by a group of foreigners for various smuggling jobs off the southwestern coast of Chiloe Island. These men, Alberto claimed, had taken him to a strange island where an underground facility existed, and after fitting his ship with various odd electronic equipment, tasked him with various jobs for them. Alberto had been introduced to these “gringos”, he said, by a man named Ernesto de la Fuente, a central character within the broader “Friendship” narrative, as he had not only claimed to have met the Friendship on many occasions, but had also been taken to their island and, incredibly, cured of cancer by the technologies they possessed.
Ernesto de la Fuente had risen to fame in Chile after he appeared on the Ovni episode detailing the weird story of the Friendship, although he had made earlier television appearances as well: one Chilean program from the mid-1990s depicted de la Fuente as an experiencer of various paranormal or “ghostly” phenomenon. For some, it had been de la Fuente’s ongoing experiences with the unexplained that seemed to diminish his credibility, although shortly after publication of my MU article, my colleague and fellow blogger Miguel Romero (also known as Red Pill Junkie) and I shared a brief exchange with de la Fuente’s nephew, Francisco Ilabaca, who now resides in the United States. Ilabaca was able to confirm, based on family information, certain details about the case:
“Ernesto De La Fuente is my great uncle. I’ve been trying to contact him but I now live in the US. According to my mother, the cancer was real. After the chilean tv show OVNI aired their story, he received countless phone calls and was constantly harassed for information by people wanting to get cured. Eventually he moved to the north of chile to a secluded town in the interior of the country, and converted to Mormonism. I haven’t talked to him or my aunt in years. He was also involved in a famous ghost apparition case in Chile that aired on TV. His first wife shot herself in their home and would appear from time to time. I spent many weekends of my childhood playing in that house, and only remember one weird incident.”
The stories about Friendship Island would continue, however, even beyond the involvement of Ernesto de la Fuente and the other initial players. Researchers Scott Corrales of the Hispanic Institute for Ufology, as well as researcher Raul Nunez, have continued to collect reports that appear to be somewhat related to the case (a number of these can be read here, and admittedly, some of the stories are quite fascinating).
My personal research into this case, while leading me to believe it has very little (if anything) to do with UFOs, has nonetheless left an impression there is still something to the entire affair. Little-known as it is in the United States, it was suggested to me by researcher Peter Levenda during an email exchange, and a subsequent Skype conversation, that the case does appear to bear some similarities to Levenda’s own experiences in Chile decades ago, when he visited a secretive — and infamous — commune in the Maule region of central Chile known as Colonia Dignidad.
Villa Baviera, as it appears today.
Today, the location in question is called Villa Baviera, although at the time Levenda went there in the late 1970s, it was a hideout for former Nazis that included Paul Schäfer, an accused child molester who had served as the colony’s leader and central figure. Levenda believes he was mistaken for being an Israeli Mossad agent, which led to him being detained briefly upon arriving, and thereafter ordered to leave the country.
Although little is said of Friendship Island in the English speaking world (Levenda, at the time he contacted me, had apparently not heard of it either), there are still occasional threads that turn up elsewhere. For instance, I managed to find a very peculiar English-language advertisement that appeared in 2009 in a newspaper called El Llanquihue, published in the community of Puerto Montt, Chile (near the alleged location of Friendship Island. Below is an image of the advertisement, which apparently ran for close to three weeks:
This is indeed a rather tantalizing clue to emerge, in the midst of an already odd case that, to the most skeptical among us, represents little more than another phony story around which a hopeful “UFO religion” has been slowly built in South America. Who knows, perhaps there is more to it after all… although as I stated previously, my feeling is that this case, and the grains of truth it represents, have much less to do with UFOs, aliens, angels, or miraculous healings, and instead probably represents another piece of the bigger puzzle that comprises secret, Cold War-era operations that were taking place in South America… some of which probably did, in fact, have something to do with the German presence there after World War II.
As always, I invite anyone who may have their own ideas on any of this to contact me about it via email, or you may, of course, use the comments section below this post just as well.
In the modern lexicon used by most non-fringe writers today, the subject of UFOs would generally be referred to as a “conspiracy theory”. The general attitude behind this presumption holds that UFOs, if they exist, are something most “believers” presume to be extraterrestrial visitors; an unlikely possibility that, in order to remain unsubstantiated, would almost have to rely on world governments maintaining a degree of secrecy on the matter.
Thus, to believe in UFOs almost requires one to find acceptance with other fringe areas of thought just as well; such things as a “shadow government”, and equally-shadowy scenarios where the “real truth” about our universe is kept from the general public by those in authority. In other words, there would seem to be hardly any way the subject of UFOs can be discussed in a modern context, without an air of conspiracy eventually entering the discussion.
Interestingly, most writers and researchers within the UFO field have been accepting of the idea of a conspiratorial angle relating to UFO studies. Arguably though, these individuals would dismiss the notion (and perhaps rightly so) that the insinuation of a “conspiracy” is necessarily something that reduces the credibility of a pro-UFO argument. As historian Richard Dolan has noted, the usage of the term conspiracy theory actually has a history in the intelligence community; more specifically, the term began to see popular use in the years following the assassination of U.S. President John F. Kennedy, which became useful in marginalizing theories about the incident that fell outside the findings of the Warren Commission and its official report.
Decades ago, for the subject of UFOs to be referred to as a “conspiracy theory” might have seemed strange. However, in modern usage it is all too common to find articles in which terms like “UFO conspiracy theorists” are thrown about (in fact, I can think of one notable instance where Mysterious Universe was actually referred to as a “conspiracy theory website”, as stated by a writer for Snopes.com. Although some conspiracy theories are discussed here, I would also argue that a broad range of non-conspiratorial subjects are addressed here too).
In Michael Barkun’s book, A Culture of Conspiracy: Apocalyptic Visions in Contemporary America (University of California Press),the author makes many examples of conspiratorial thought within UFO studies and belief. In the excerpt below, one of the most convoluted and polarizing situations in UFO history, which involved the controversial MJ-12 papers, are discussed, in relation to how the debate over their legitimacy has helped foment further advocacy for a conspiratorial nature to the broader UFO phenomenon:
In the years since the MJ-12 papers became widely known, they have taken on a life of their own. Additional, related documents periodically appear, some as recently as 1998. Just as with the Kennedy assassination, MJ-12 has generated a cottage industry of commentators, authenticators, and critics. More broadly, MJ-12 laid the foundation for elaborate conspiracy theories by suggesting that UFOs were of extraterrestrial origin, that the federal government was aware of them as early as the late 1940s, and that a secret bureaucracy had been created to study and control the situation. These claims allowed some ufologists to shift from observation of flying saucers to attempts to unravel alleged government machinations. The proliferation of MJ-12 documents and theories not only identified the enemy as a segment of the government, but— inasmuch as this “secret government” was supposed to have hidden all relevant information— allowed great latitude in what might be “revealed.” It mattered little whether publicly available evidence confirmed a claim; its author could always respond, “The government knows it, but won’t tell you.”
Perhaps it could be argued, without sensationalism, or even the insinuation of “fringe” ideas, that publicly available evidence does exist which seems to confirm — if not that UFOs as an extraterrestrial or other exotic technology do exist — that government agencies have at very least maintained an interest in the subject.
In many cases, this interest likely has had more to do with how belief in the subject might be controlled or influenced. For instance, if we accept the most widely-agreed upon explanation for the aforementioned MJ-12 affair — one in which the papers were determined to be forgeries aimed at misleading elements within the UFO community — it would certainly seem that we do not, therefore, acknowledge that the majority of the ideas expressed within the documents were legitimate. Nonetheless, if we recognize the broader context in which the alleged “leak” of those papers occurred, involving numerous similar UFO misinformation campaigns directed at notable researchers within the community, we do begin to see that government agencies played a clear role in the affair. More specifically, Richard Doty, who had been an AFOSI Special Agent at the time, had worked to assist with the careful presentation of information pertaining to UFOs to researchers that included Paul Bennewitz and a number of others, aimed at misleading and, thus, discrediting them.
Former AFOSI Special Agent Richard Doty
What I’ve presented here might be viewed as a justification, by some, for belief in conspiracies among the UFO community. To the contrary, this argument merely illustrates the way the “conspiracy theory” terminology and its related stereotypes have helped marginalize the UFO advocacy groups over time, despite the fact that historical precedent exists for actual “UFO conspiracies”, and even some degree of government involvement in them. However, it could be further argued that in a broader assessment of UFOs, a general belief in conspiracies among its proponents does not render any significant benefits.
Because of this, I have long argued the necessity for a more scientific and, when warranted, skeptical outlook on the phenomenon, applied by independent researchers and investigative organizations alike. In my recent essay, “Toward a Better UFOlogy: Applying Science to the Study of UAP“, I presented a number of reasons why the research community might benefit from less focus or adherence to the idea (or politcal movement, essentially) of UFO disclosure; in equal measure, I present a newly updated system of classifications for various UFO types, and finally, a set of “filters” for helping identify various unidentified flying objects, with the aim of being able to help observers make reasonable identifications of various conventional aircraft, objects, and natural phenomena that often lead to UFO reports. In my view, the proper ability to assess information in the truly “unidentified” UFO reports would help reduce our data set to a much smaller number of reports; the very best of these may then begin to represent a much clearer picture of what some UFO technologies (if they are indeed technological) actually are.
In the end, if we are to ask whether UFOs are a matter of science, or one of pure conspiracy, there may not be any pure distinction. The UFO subject is inevitably linked to conspiracies, both of the real kind, and of the variety implied through popular terminology. However, despite the persistence of conspiracies in relation to all this, in order to reliably move forward in our understanding of this subject is to attempt to apply science to it; while UFOs may never fully escape the stigmas of fringe belief, they nonetheless represent a subject that could benefit from, and perhaps even be beneficial to, science.
Right now, I have a new book out titled Women in Black: The Creepy Companions of the Mysterious M.I.B. It’s a book which, as the title suggests, tells a very strange and at times even disturbing story. It is a story that has pretty much consistently stayed under the radar of the UFO research community. This is hardly surprising, however, taking into consideration the fact that reports of the WIB are so often overlooked, or deliberately ignored, by saucer-sleuths. There is a very good reason why such a situation has occurred. For many people within Ufology, if it’s not good old “nuts and bolts” Ufology – of the kind that got Donald Keyhoe so excited decades ago – they don’t want to know about it. Much like those many dedicated Bigfoot-seekers who have no time for the weirder side of Sasquatch.
The Women in Black are clearly not a part of that aforementioned “nuts and bolts” domain. They’re much weirder – even though there is an undeniable connection to the UFO puzzle. Which, of course, raises big questions about the true nature of the UFO phenomenon. Just like their male, black-clad counterparts, the WIB are not the employees – or the “secret agents” – of any arm of government, of the military, or of the intelligence community. Indeed, just about all of the presently available data suggests they aren’t even human.
As I note in my book, none other than the recently departed Albert Bender – who, in near single-handed fashion brought the Men in Black mystery to life in the early 1950s – was exposed to the Women in Black enigma roughly a decade and a half before he had his own chilling encounters with the MIB. As I also note in the book, there’s no doubt that the Woman in Black and the MIB of the Bender family were connected. The link practically jumps out. The WIB connection to the so-called “Contactee” movement of the 1950s also comes to light – providing that one knows where to look for it.
In the 1960s, John Keel – of The Mothman Prophecies fame – came to realize that the Men in Black had their female equivalents, and he even incurred their ominous wrath. And their unsettling manipulation, too. By the 1970s, things got decidedly weird. Black-wig-wearing, pale-faced women were knocking on doors and terrifying those they visited, silencing UFO witnesses, and asking crazy questions.
And, as with the MIB, the Women in Black are always looking to spread their wings. We’re talking about WIBs silencing seekers of cryptozoological creatures, threatening those that delve into the world of the occult, and monitoring those investigating so-called “animal mutilations.” Then, there’s what is quite possibly the most alarming part of all. We’re talking about people quickly falling sick after encountering the Women in Black. No, I don’t mean the likes of panic-attacks or sleepless nights.
Rather, I mean serious physical illnesses – as if the WIB have the ability to somehow supernaturally “infect” us. Controversial? Of course! But, everything about the Women in Black is controversial – such as their sometimes-reported plastic-like skin, their uncanny knack of seemingly controlling the minds of the poor souls they target, and their “here one second and gone the next second” abilities.
Should you ever receive a late-night, slow knock on the front-door, be careful. Verycareful. Inviting one of the Women in Black into your home may not be a wise move. In fact, it may be just about the biggest mistake possible.
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Schok: Topwetenschapper zegt definitief bewijs te hebben dat God bestaat
Schok: Topwetenschapper zegt definitief bewijs te hebben dat God bestaat
De wereldberoemde futurist en theoretisch natuurkundige Michio Kaku heeft voor een schok gezorgd in de wetenschappelijke wereld. In een recent opgedoken video zegt Kaku, die meer dan 70 artikelen publiceerde in wetenschappelijke tijdschriften, bewijs te hebben voor het bestaan van God. Dat meldt nieuwssite WND.
In het filmpje dat hij enige tijd geleden maakte voor Big Think zegt de wetenschapper dat hij gelooft dat God achter het universum zit. “Ik heb geconcludeerd dat we in een wereld leven met regels die geschapen zijn door een universele intelligentie,” zegt Kaku in de video.
11-dimensionale hyperruimte
“Voor mij is het duidelijk dat we leven in een wereld die wordt gestuurd door bepaalde natuurwetten die zijn opgesteld en geschapen door een universele intelligentie, en niet door toeval,” zegt hij verder.
“De eindconclusie kan luiden dat God een wiskundige is,” aldus Kaku. “Het brein van God, zo geloven we, is als kosmische muziek. Als muziek van violen die resoneren naar een 11-dimensionale hyperruimte.”
Matrix
De wetenschapper zegt onlangs bewijs te hebben gevonden dat er een hoger wezen is, dat hij omschrijft als een kracht ‘die alles aanstuurt’. Kaku, één van de ontwikkelaars van de revolutionaire snaartheorie, zegt dat een theoretisch deeltje genaamd tachyon kan worden gebruikt om het bestaan van God te bewijzen.
Een tachyon is een exotisch hypothetisch deeltje dat sneller gaat dan het licht. Na een aantal tests stelde de professor van het City College of New York vast dat we in een soort ‘Matrix’ leven.
A British witness at Maidstone reported watching and photographing a triangle UFO during a multi-UFO sighting, according to testimony in Case 76186 from the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON) witness reporting database.
Witness Image 1.
(Credit: MUFON)
The reporting witness and her 17-year-old daughter were sitting inside with the blinds open at 9:30 a.m. on May 4, 2016, when the daughter asked about an object in the sky she was seeing.
“There was a black triangle hovering in the sky,” the witness stated.“We didn’t take our eyes off it. Very slowly it moved to the north. After approximately 10 minutes and to the left of it a black orb appeared. There was another object just below and to the right of the orb that looked like a line and seemed to follow the orb.”
Cropped and enlarged version of witness Image 2.
But then the orb changed shape.
“Very slowly the orb changed shape and became another black triangle. We could no longer see the ‘line ‘ and by now the first triangle had moved out of sight as our view was obstructed by a building. The second triangle was stationary to begin with then very slowly moved north as the first one had. Eventually we couldn’t see it.”
Cropped and enlarged version of witness Image 3.
The witness described the orb.
“When it was an orb it seemed to come closer and get bigger before it turned into a triangle. There were no lights. I couldn’t hear any noise, but my hearing is not as sharp as it used to be and my daughter is adamant there was a humming noise. From the position of the objects it looked as if they were over a nearby motorway. A plane went past at one point, much higher than the triangle and with lights, where what we saw had none. When the object was stationary it was moving very slightly from side-to-side. It all lasted approximately one hour.”
Cropped and enlarged version of witness Image 4.
The witness ruled out known objects.
Cropped and enlarged version of witness Image 4.
“As we watched we spoke to each other about what it could be. It certainly wasn’t a plane, helicopter or balloon. We’re certain what we saw was nothing manmade or natural. We felt like we didn’t want it to leave.”
River Medway, Maidstone.
(Credit: Wikimedia Commons)
Maidstone is the county town of Kent, England, 32 miles southeast of London, population 113,137. British National Director Jack Turnbull investigated this case and closed it as an Unknown. Please remember that most UFO sightings can be explained as something natural or man-made. The above quotes were edited for clarity. Please report UFO activity to MUFON.com.
UFO Near Passenger Jet In Australia On June 12, 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Near Passenger Jet In Australia On June 12, 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News
Date of sighting: June 12, 2016 Location of sighting: Mudgee, Australia This is an awesome video of a UFO that was seen over Australia, checking out a jet.ColourUFO of Youtube did use a special camera...a Sony SCR-TRV 530, and his infrared filter would see any cloaked ship, because sunlight hits all things. Infrared is invisible to the eye, but this filter and camera allows you to see objects normally hidden. Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com
ColourUFO states: The camera was using. SONY. D C R- T R V 530.Digital camera with I R.850. Infra red Optical filter fitted.
UFO Appears To Fly 50 to 100 Times Faster Than Any Terrestrial Flying Objects
UFO Appears To Fly 50 to 100 Times Faster Than Any Terrestrial Flying Objects
A flight tracker app spotted a bizarre object and showed it (object) hurtling across the ocean. The mysterious aerial thing, according to conspiracy theorists, flew 50 to 100 times faster than a typical aircraft over Australia.
The so-called evidence shows dozens of different aeroplanes in the area.
It shows several airplanes operating in New South Wales, Australia.
However, the object in question seems to travel much faster than the other aircraft.
Additionally, a New Zealand news website also claimed traffic cameras in Australia captured the UFO speeding from the ocean across the skyline of the city.
The images were apparently captured on May 6, 2016. The video, which was uploaded to YouTube, has now been viewed over 200,000 times.
However, a lot of viewers appear less convinced about the authenticity of the footage.
One YouTube user wrote that a tracker app like it uses Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B). The user explained that the transponder was on the aircraft for it to show up, making the unknown object a terrestrial one.
While many doubt the clip, others are convinced it shows something strange, saying that UFOs are becoming the worst kept secret in the world.
Telescopes May Ride Giant Balloons to Better See the Stars
Telescopes May Ride Giant Balloons to Better See the Stars
By Kasandra Brabaw, Space.com Contributor |
A space-based version of the Large Balloon Reflector could be used to float a 20- to 30-meter (66 to 98 feet) telescope, the Terahertz Space Telescope, into space to investigate the evolution of the universe.
Credit: Christopher Walker
A giant balloon could forever change the way astronomers look at the stars.
Technology under development by a 2014 NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts award winner aims to raise a telescope directly into space, nestled inside a balloon the size of a football field.
Christopher Walker, an astronomy professor and professor of optical sciences and electrical engineering at the University of Arizona, won Phase 2 funding from the program two years ago and is now seeing his concept come to life.
He calls it LBR, for large balloon reflector. The balloon would consist of an inflatable, half-aluminized spherical reflector inside a much larger stratospheric balloon. The outer balloon would also act as protection for the telescope once in position outside Earth's atmosphere.
Walker said he hopes to launch the balloon to about 120,000 feet (37,000 meters) above Earth. When looking up, it would act as a particularly powerful telescope, free from almost 99 percent of the atmospheric absorption that keeps telescopes on Earth from seeing certain wavelengths of light, Walker said. That would allow the telescope to scan the universe in far infrared. Measuring those wavelengths could help scientists not only see stars that already exist, but also pinpoint where new stars are likely to form, NASA officials said in a statement.
This version of the Large Balloon Reflector would fly high in the stratosphere.
Credit: Christopher Walker
LBR could serve as more than a telescope as well. When the balloon is looking down, it could sense changes in the Earth's atmosphere and greenhouse gases and eventually become a hub for telecommunication, Walker said.
Now, Walker and his team are working on a space-based version of LBR, which he's calling the Terahertz Space Telescope (TST). TST would monitor space for the formation and evolution of galaxies. Once in space, the instrument would shed the large outer balloon and leave the balloon's spherical reflector.
"You're not fighting gravity to make it spherical," Walker said in the statement. "It makes it structurally easier to achieve very high tolerance of 'sphere-isity.' In space, the sphere can be radiatively cooled to very low temperatures, allowing a better view of the distant universe."
As of now, though, TST is still just a concept and needs more development to determine whether it's feasible both technologically and economically.
"It's a tough road ahead, but we'll keep pushing forward," Walker said. "I'm hopeful I can get people motivated and excited about the concept … to think outside the box."
Black holes and wormholes are the ultimate fodder for science fiction. Need to travel through time? No problem! Build a wormhole. Want to see a different universe? Dive into a black hole!
Though these imaginings are often far-fetched and, let's face it, likely impossible, most are based on real theoretical physics ideas and, in new research focused on the nature of space-time inside a black hole, theorists have come up with a possible means of zipping around time and space... though it certainly wouldn't be comfortable.
A black hole is as gravitationally extreme as it can get. Throw together enough matter in the same place and its mutual gravity will crush everything down to a single point until space-time itself collapses in on itself. Everything we know and love occupies space-time, so as it becomes warped around a black hole nothing, not even light, can escape its gravitational clutches. The point of no escape (where the gradient of space-time is so steep it traps light) is known as the event horizon.
For the most part, we have no experience of what goes on beyond the event horizon, it is off-limits to external observers. But theory says that for the black hole to exist, there needs to be a singularity in the center. A singularity is basically where math (and, by extension, nature) breaks down; it's where the cosmic calculator divided by zero and got infinity. This cosmic computing mistake is hidden in the depths of the event horizon -- if we can't experience it, does it really matter what it is?
WATCH VIDEO: The Race To See The Black Hole At The Center Of Our Galaxy
According to a team of physicists led by Diego Rubiera-Garcia of the University of Lisbon, Portugal, actually the weird physics of a black hole's singularity could turn our "classical" idea about black holes on its head. What if general relativity breaks down and the singularity isn't a singularity at all? What if we replace the singularity with a wormhole? Suddenly, instead of being the ultimate trash compactors of the universe, black holes become the ultimate sci-fi dream: they could be space-time transportation hubs.
But, as is the case with most black hole stories, there's a catch.
In previous calculations, Rubiera-Garcia's team created a theoretical model of a black hole without a singularity. To their surprise, in the singularity's place, a finite-sized and spherical wormhole structure appeared. This is very important; it seems that instead of spitting out a confounding singularity, the math naturally creates a wormhole.
Before we can understand why this is important, we first have to consider why singularities are a thorn in the side of theorists and sci-fi writers alike. It is predicted that as an object (or unfortunate astronaut) falls into a black hole, tidal forces will be so extreme that "spaghettification" becomes a thing. The tidal forces at the astronaut's toes would be much larger than what they'd feel at their head. They'd experience crushing forces from the sides, but extreme stretching between their toes and head. The best way to imagine it is to think about making spaghetti, only with the human body instead of pasta.
Should our stretched astronaut reach the singularity, they'd be infinitely long and infinitely thin -- a situation that doesn't make much sense.
But swap an infinitely tiny singularity with a finite-sized wormhole and things get a lot more interesting. Wormholes are a mathematical consequence of Einstein's general relativity, but we have yet to find any evidence they actually exist. If they do exist, they would be made of a tube of spacetime, opening a passageway to another location or time (as space and time are intimately linked) in the universe. As the "neck" of the wormhole's opening is finite, there's none of this mathematical singularity nonsense messing with our astronaut. Sure, he or she would still be spaghettified, but they'd be more of a linguine than a spaghetti. So, hypothetically, their extremely tidally deformed body could pass through the neck of the wormhole.
"Each particle of the observer follows a geodesic line determined by the gravitational field," said Rubiera-Garcia in a statement. "Each geodesic feels a slightly different gravitational force, but the interactions among the constituents of the body could nonetheless sustain the body."
In the paper published in the journal Classical and Quantum Gravity, the researchers do point out that this wormhole isn't a "traditionally traversable" wormhole, so it's not the kind of wormhole that you could fit a stonking great spaceship through and expect it to resemble a spaceship on the other side. It would be microscopic and not traversable by macroscopic objects, but it would be a wormhole nonetheless.
Needless to say, this work is steeped in theoretical number-crunching and it's hard to see how we could prove there's a wormhole sitting in the centers of black holes except, perhaps, to do a Matthew McConaughey and find out for ourselves.
'Star Trek' Dating Service Lets You Look for Love in the Final Frontier
'Star Trek' Dating Service Lets You Look for Love in the Final Frontier
By Elizabeth Howell, Space.com Contributor
The USS Enterprise adorns the wedding cake of TrekDating.com founder Jonathan Bird, who met his wife (also a "Star Trek" fan) on his own website.
Credit: Jonathan Bird
If you're looking for the perfect redshirt to snuggle with under a USS Enterprise blanket while watching "Star Trek" reruns, you're in luck.
Single Trekkies of all sexual orientations can beam up their profiles on TrekDating.com, a site established in 2013 when founder Jonathan Bird was looking for love himself. It worked, by the way. He and wife Dawn met on the website just two days after she joined. (Jonathan Bird said the marriage is still going well, even though Dawn doesn't speak Klingon.)
"A few years ago, I wanted to teach myself code," Bird told Space.com via email. "I'd already opened a few dating sites but never built them from scratch myself. I knew I'd have to build something that kept me interested; after all, it's the only way to learn. So, being a Trekkie myself, I figured, Why not TrekDating.com?"
Millions of users have already signed up, Bird said. But he's anticipating an even bigger surge in traffic now that the "Star Trek" franchise has hit its 50th anniversary. (The original TV series debuted in 1966.) In the last year alone, TrekDating.com has added nearly 100,000 members, most of whom hail from the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia, Bird said.
The U.K.-based website is part of a growing group of dating sites and services that cater specifically to fans of comics, science fiction and fantasy. Many comic conventions offer a speed dating service to attendees, for example. Other options are also available online, such as StarTrekDating.com, Trek Passions and Trekkie Dating.
"TrekDating.com shows no signs of slowing down," Bird said. "Our plan is simple: Continue to support the fans and give them a safe place to meet. Because without them, the site won't boldly go anywhere."
A weird UFO that produced a really loud sound scared a mother and daughter when they saw the mysterious object in the sky over a busy road on a windy day in Australia. They managed to capture the enigmatic unidentified flying object on video.
The footage, which was taken in the city of Melbourne, was posted online and has gone viral, with many UFO seekers and alien enthusiasts insisting this is final proof that intelligent beings not from our planet have visited us.
However, we hear about ‘final proof’ at least once a week, then the claims are heard no more, and the public’s gaze is directed to the next mysterious object, which nine times out of ten is another example of ‘final proof’.
The UFO was seen while a mother and daughter were driving along a motorway in Melbourne, Australia. SecureTeam10 has asked other potential witnesses to contact them.
(Image: YouTube)
A mother was driving with her daughter as passenger last Tuesday when they saw the diamond-shaped UFO up in the sky.
UFO did not look man-made
According to SecureTeam10, an organisation that claims to receive hundreds and hundreds of UFO sightings, sifts through them and posts the most interesting or seemingly authentic ones online, the mother and daughter said the mysterious objects ‘did not look like anything man-made’.
he video narrator, SecureTeam10’s Tyler Glockner, started off with the following comment:
“The next piece of video is going to blow your mind, and I’m at a loss for words as to what it is.”
The footage begins with the camera looking through the front windscreen of a car in what looks like a busy motorway.
Tyler explained:
“They saw this strange, triangular UFO – it also looks more like a rectangle, I don’t know, but it has a very odd shape. They said it did not look like anything man-made, it wasn’t a plane, obviously, it wasn’t a drone, kite or anything like that because they said it was extremely windy out.”
Tyler explains that the witnesses said ‘it was windy out’. However, in the video, the trees do not move at all – not even a tiny little bit. That does not make sense.
(Image: YouTube)
According to Tyler, a drone or kite would not hover motionless up in the air on a very windy day. However, I saw absolutely no sign of any wind at all when I looked at the tall trees next to the motorway – the trees did not sway, not even a little bit.
The UFO was described as moving at its own pace before disappearing behind some trees and a wall next to the motorway.
A diamond-shaped object is clearly visible on the video, up in the sky beyond the trees. Tyler is sure, after carefully examining to film, that it was not a smudge on the glass.
The mother said the UFO was making a ‘really loud sound – a very odd loud sound’.
At Market Business News, we suspect that SecureTeam10 consists of just one person – Tyler. I have seen many of their videos, and have only ever heard his voice on it.
Viewer responses
Comments ranged from expressions of ridicule, amazement to jokes and humour.
One person, who uses the name The LEGO Work Shop, wrote:
“Aliens are such attention whores…always flying around in hopes of getting on YouYube.”
Some people suggested that if the aliens really wanted fame on Earth, they should consider landing their craft, coming out and talking to us. Kat Holiday did not think this would be a good idea, and wrote:
“Hey! We all wanna keep away from ending up like the Kardashians!”
Like me, a viewer – Steven Mactavish – also wondered how the trees could be completely still on a very windy day. He wrote:
“Extremely windy -> trees standing still :D. The trees don’t even sway.”
Some viewers noticed that Tyler initially said he was ‘at a loss for words’, and then talked non-stop for 11 minutes.
Several people though it might be Uranus, twin weather balloons caught in an updraft, or a large cardboard box caught in the wind.
One viewer – Latrine67 – wrote:
“There are definitely two other smaller similarly weirdly coloured things that kinda pop briefly into view, it does look like it might be something blowing in the wind at least the smaller pieces while they’re visible looks like it’s getting blown around, but the other smaller things seem to appear and disappear out of nowhere.”
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Pourquoi nous devrions transformer des astéroïdes en vaisseaux spatiaux autonomes
Pourquoi nous devrions transformer des astéroïdes en vaisseaux spatiaux autonomes
Voyager plus loin, plus longtemps, en brisant les dernières frontières qui nous séparent de l’inconnu : telle est la vision de la société Made In Space, basée en Californie,...
Made in Space
Voyager plus loin, plus longtemps, en brisant les dernières frontières qui nous séparent de l’inconnu : telle est la vision de la société Made In Space, basée en Californie, qui a récemment obtenu un financement de la NASA pour étudier la manière de transformer des astéroïdes géants en vaisseaux spatiaux mécaniques et autonomes.
L’idée semble romanesque, elle fait pourtant son chemin. Pour preuve, le projet baptisé RAMA (Reconstituting Asteroids into Mechanical Automata) vient de jouir d’une jolie subvention (100 000 dollars) du programme de la NASA Innovative Concepts avancés (NIAC), qui vise à encourager le développement de technologies visant à l’exploration spatiale. Leur idée : étudier la manière de transformer des astéroïdes géants en vaisseaux spatiaux mécaniques et autonomes, dans le but de transporter des fournitures et autres matériaux pour les avant-postes qui pourraient être placés dans les limites du système solaire, voire même au-delà.
« Aujourd’hui, nous avons la capacité d’apporter des ressources de la Terre dans l’espace » concède volontiersJason Dunn, co-fondateur et directeur de la technologie chez Made In Space. « Mais quand nous arrivons à un point de basculement où nous avons besoin de nouvelles ressources dans l’ espace, tout devient alors beaucoup plus compliqué » explique-t-il.
À cette problématique se greffe une idée : s’atteler aux astéroïdes, prélever des roches, puis utiliser cette matière première pour construire des systèmes de propulsion, de navigation, de stockage d’énergie et autres systèmes clés directement sur place grâce à l’impression 3D. L’homme sait de quoi il parle ; Made In Space possède une expertise d’impression 3D considérable. C’est d’ailleurs sa société qui a construit les deux dernières imprimantes installées à bord de la Station spatiale internationale.
Zoe Brinkley
Transformés en vaisseaux spatiaux autonomes, les astéroïdes pourraient alors être programmés pour se rendre à une station minière située dans l’espace Terre-lune, ou partout ailleurs où ils seraient nécessaires. Une approche beaucoup plus efficace que les lancements onéreux et systématiques de nouvelles sondes. Les astéroïdes ainsi convertis ne ressembleraient en rien à l’idée du traditionnel vaisseau spatial, équipé de moteurs de fusée et de circuits électroniques complexes. Au contraire, tout serait ici mécanique et relativement primitif.
« L’ordinateur serait analogique, semblable, peut-être, au mécanisme d’Anticythère inventé par les Grecs anciens pour tracer le mouvement des corps célestes« , explique Dunn. « Le système de propulsion pourrait être une sorte de catapulte contrôlée, propulsant ainsi la roche de l’espace dans la direction opposée (comme décrit par la troisième loi du mouvement de Newton), a-t-il ajouté.
Concernant les échéances d’un tel programme, toute discussion est pour le moment spéculative. Le chercheur estime néanmoins que l’effort pourrait nécessiter 20 ans ou plus. Si tel est le cas, la première embarcation de semences pourrait décoller à la fin des années 2030.
Residents claim UFO sighting in touristic Turkish district
Residents claim UFO sighting in touristic Turkish district
Several people in the touristic district of Bodrum in the southern province of Muğla claim to have seen an illuminated object moving erratically in the sky, stirring speculation about a possible “UFO” sighting. A number of residents of the district’s Çiftlik neighborhood said the object they saw was both moving and staying still.
The alleged object was spotted during sahur, the meal before dawn during Ramadan, creating excitement in the district, as the residents claimed the object remained in the sky for 20 minutes.
“When we got up for sahur, we went to the terrace of the house. I always look at the sky and watch the stars. I was shocked to see an object that I’ve never seen before shining in sudden movements and changing its color, while it stayed still sometimes,” said Necla Karaca, 39, who witnessed and took photos of the “UFO,” while adding that the “weirdly moving” object didn’t look like a plane.
“Our neighbors and relatives also witnessed this. We got excited and became suspicious of the object being an UFO,” she added.
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13-06-2016
Yes, There Have Been Aliens
Yes, There Have Been Aliens
Photo
CreditGérard DuBois
LAST month astronomers from theKepler spacecraft team announced the discovery of 1,284 new planets, all orbiting stars outside our solar system. The total number of such “exoplanets” confirmed via Kepler and other methods now stands at more than 3,000.
This represents a revolution in planetary knowledge. A decade or so ago the discovery of even a single new exoplanet was big news. Not anymore. Improvements in astronomical observation technology have moved us from retail to wholesale planet discovery. We now know, for example, that every star in the sky likely hosts at least one planet.
But planets are only the beginning of the story. What everyone wants to know is whether any of these worlds has aliens living on it. Does our newfound knowledge of planets bring us any closer to answering that question?
A little bit, actually, yes. In a paper published in the May issue of the journal Astrobiology, the astronomer Woodruff Sullivan and I show that while we do not know if any advanced extraterrestrial civilizations currently exist in our galaxy, we now have enough information to conclude that they almost certainly existed at some point in cosmic history.
Among scientists, the probability of the existence of an alien society with which we might make contact is discussed in terms of something called the Drake equation. In 1961, the National Academy of Sciences asked the astronomer Frank Drake to host a scientific meeting on the possibilities of “interstellar communication.” Since the odds of contact with alien life depended on how many advanced extraterrestrial civilizations existed in the galaxy, Drake identified seven factors on which that number would depend, and incorporated them into an equation.
The first factor was the number of stars born each year. The second was the fraction of stars that had planets. After that came the number of planets per star that traveled in orbits in the right locations for life to form (assuming life requires liquid water). The next factor was the fraction of such planets where life actually got started. Then came factors for the fraction of life-bearing planets on which intelligence and advanced civilizations (meaning radio signal-emitting) evolved. The final factor was the average lifetime of a technological civilization.
Drake’s equation was not like Einstein’s E=mc2. It was not a statement of a universal law. It was a mechanism for fostering organized discussion, a way of understanding what we needed to know to answer the question about alien civilizations. In 1961, only the first factor — the number of stars born each year — was understood. And that level of ignorance remained until very recently.
That’s why discussions of extraterrestrial civilizations, no matter how learned, have historically boiled down to mere expressions of hope or pessimism. What, for example, is the fraction of planets that form life? Optimists might marshal sophisticated molecular biological models to argue for a large fraction. Pessimists then cite their own scientific data to argue for a fraction closer to 0. But with only one example of a life-bearing planet (ours), it’s hard to know who is right.
Or consider the average lifetime of a civilization. Humans have been using radio technology for only about 100 years. How much longer will our civilization last? A thousand more years? A hundred thousand more? Ten million more? If the average lifetime for a civilization is short, the galaxy is likely to be unpopulated most of the time. Once again, however, with only one example to draw from, it’s back to a battle between pessimists and optimists.
But our new planetary knowledge has removed some of the uncertainty from this debate. Three of the seven terms in Drake’s equation are now known. We know the number of stars born each year. We know that the percentage of stars hosting planets is about 100. And we also know that about 20 to 25 percent of those planets are in the right place for life to form. This puts us in a position, for the first time, to say something definitive about extraterrestrial civilizations — if we ask the right question.
In our recent paper, Professor Sullivan and I did this by shifting the focus of Drake’s equation. Instead of asking how many civilizations currently exist, we asked what the probability is that ours is the only technological civilization that has ever appeared. By asking this question, we could bypass the factor about the average lifetime of a civilization. This left us with only three unknown factors, which we combined into one “biotechnical” probability: the likelihood of the creation of life, intelligent life and technological capacity.
You might assume this probability is low, and thus the chances remain small that another technological civilization arose. But what our calculation revealed is that even if this probability is assumed to be extremely low, the odds that we are not the first technological civilization are actually high. Specifically, unless the probability for evolving a civilization on a habitable-zone planet is less than one in 10 billion trillion, then we are not the first.
To give some context for that figure: In previous discussions of the Drake equation, a probability for civilizations to form of one in 10 billion per planet was considered highly pessimistic. According to our finding, even if you grant that level of pessimism, a trillion civilizations still would have appeared over the course of cosmic history.
In other words, given what we now know about the number and orbital positions of the galaxy’s planets, the degree of pessimism required to doubt the existence, at some point in time, of an advanced extraterrestrial civilization borders on the irrational.
In science an important step forward can be finding a question that can be answered with the data at hand. Our paper did just this. As for the big question — whether any other civilizations currently exist — we may have to wait a long while for relevant data. But we should not underestimate how far we have come in a short time.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
